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Student Number:
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Kotara High School
Physics
Preliminary Examination
2009
General Instructions
Reading time -
5 minutes
Total Marks (75)
Working time -
2 hours
This paper has two parts, Section I and Section II
Board-approved calculators may be used
Section I – Pages 2 to 6
Write using blue or black pen
Total marks (15)
Draw diagrams using pencil
Attempt questions 1 - 15
Formulae sheets and a Periodic Table are
Allow about 25 minutes for this part
provided with this question paper
Answer all questions in the spaces
provided within the question paper.
Section II – Pages 7 to 19
Total marks (60)
Attempt questions 16 – 31
Allow about 95 minutes for this part
This paper MUST NOT be removed from the examination room.
Kotara High School : Science : Physics : Preliminary Course Final Examination : 2009 : page 1
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Section I
Total Marks (15)
Attempt questions 1 – 15
Allow about 25 minutes for this part
Select the alternative A, B, C or D that best answers questions 1 to 15 and indicate your choice with a cross (X)
in the appropriate space on the grid below.
A
B
C
1, 2, 3, 4
…… / 4
D
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
The World Communicates
Questions
16, 17, 18, 19 …… / 12
Electrical Energy in the Home
Questions
5, 6, 7, 8
…… / 4
20, 21, 22, 23, 24…… / 18
Moving About
Questions
9, 10, 11, 12
Questions
Total …… / 22
…… / 4
25, 26, 27, 28 …… / 17
The Cosmic Engine
Total …… / 16
13, 14, 15
…… / 3
29, 30, 31
…… / 13
Total …… / 21
Total …… / 16
Final Mark
Kotara High School : Science : Physics : Preliminary Course Final Examination : 2009 : page 2
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Part A (15 marks)
1.
The diagram below shows two waves that are set up in a stretched string, fixed at both ends. The
frequency of pattern 1 is f1 and that of pattern 2 is f2.
The ratio of f1 to f2 is:
A.
B.
C.
D.
2.
1:3
2:3
3:1
6:1
A light wave traveling through a vacuum strikes a block of glass with an angle of incidence of 30o.
Choose the correct combination of changes to the frequency AND amplitude of the wave as it travels
into the glass.
A.
B.
C.
D.
3.
Frequency
Constant
Constant
Decreases
Decreases
Amplitude
Decreases
Constant
Decreases
Constant
A torch beam is shone onto a wall and lights up a circle of area 1.6 m2. The person holding the torch
moves twice as far away from the wall and shines the torch on the wall again.
The new area lit up on the wall by the beam of the torch is (in m2):
A.
B.
C.
D.
4.
0.4
0.8
3.2
6.4
Choose the correct statement about electromagnetic radiation.
A.
B.
C.
D.
X-rays have a longer wavelength than microwaves.
Ultraviolet radiation from the Sun is mostly filtered out by the Earth’s atmosphere.
Radio waves have a higher frequency than gamma radiation.
Yellow light is more energetic than green light.
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5.
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Three groups of resistors (X, Y and Z) are shown below. Each resistor used in the groups has the same
resistance.
The correct statement about the total resistance of each group is:
A.
B.
C.
D.
6.
Resistance of X > resistance of Y > resistance of Z.
Resistance of Y > resistance of X > resistance of Z.
Resistance of Z > resistance of X > resistance of Y.
Resistance of X > resistance of Z > resistance of Y.
The energy required to move 4 coulomb of charge through a 2 ohm resistor is 5 joule.
The potential difference across the resistor (in volts) is:
A.
B.
C.
D.
7.
0.8
1.25.
2.5.
8.0.
A 240 V electric kettle has a heating element with resistance of 20 ohm. The kettle boils a set volume
of water in 20 minutes.
Assuming 100% efficiency, the electrical energy used to boil this water (in joule) is:
A.
B.
C.
D.
8.
5 760
9 600
345 600
580 800
This question is about the following diagrams X, Y and Z.
The diagram(s) showing the correct magnetic fields is / are:
A.
C.
Both X and Z
Only Z
B.
D.
Only Y
Both Y and Z
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9.
A.
B.
C.
D.
10.
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The law used to account for the potential danger of loose objects in a moving motor vehicle is
Newton’s First Law
Newton’s Second Law
Newton’s Third Law
Law of Conservation of Energy
This question applies to the following diagram.
A golfer swings a 0.2 kg golf club towards a golf ball of mass 45 g. When it hits the golf ball, the club
is moving at 45 ms-1 and, immediately after contact, the club is moving at 29 ms-1.
The velocity of the golf ball immediately after being hit is (in ms-1):
A.
B.
C.
D.
11.
0.07
45
50
71
A ball throws a tennis ball towards a wall 6 m away. The ball moves at a constant speed of 3 ms-1
towards the wall and back to the boy at a constant speed of 2 ms-1.
Choose the option that contains the average speed and the average velocity for the ball’s journey to the
wall and back.
A.
B.
C.
D.
12.
Average Speed (ms-1)
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.5
Average Velocity (ms-1)
2.5
0
2.4
0
A battery-operated toy car of mass 0.5 kg is moving at 5 ms-1 before its speed is increased to 7 ms-1.
The amount of work done by the toy’s engine, in increasing the car’s speed, is (in joule):
A.
B.
C.
D.
1
2
6
12
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13.
A.
B.
C.
D.
14.
Friedman
Einstein
Hubble
Newton
The star characteristics that are closely related to the dominant wavelength of the light emitted by a
star are:
A.
B.
C.
D.
15.
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The scientist who proposed the equivalence of mass and energy was:
Size and surface temperature
Colour and size
Brightness and dominant frequency
Surface temperature and colour
The correct sequence of scientists who developed models of the universe is
A.
B.
C.
D.
Aristotle, Aristarchus, Ptolemy, Copernicus
Aristarchus, Copernicus, Aristotle, Ptolemy
Ptolemy, Aristotle, Aristarchus, Copernicus
Copernicus, Aristotle, Ptolemy, Aristarchus
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Section II
Total marks (60)
Attempt questions 16 – 31
Allow about 95 minutes for this part
Answer all of the questions in the spaces allocated on this booklet
Show all relevant working in questions involving calculations
Question 16 (3 marks)
The graph below represents the variation with time (t) of the displacement (x) of one particle in a transverse
wave. The speed of the wave is 380 ms-1.
(a)
State ONE instant of time the particle would be moving at maximum speed.
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(b)
Determine the wavelength of the wave.
2
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Question 17 (2 marks)
A water wave encounters a shelf that divides the water into two separate depths. The water to the right of
the shelf is deeper than that to the left of the shelf.
The angle between the wave fronts in the shallow water and the shelf is 30o. The speed of the wave in the
shallow water is 15 cms-1 and in the deeper water is 20 cms-1.
(a)
Label the angle of incidence on the diagram, adding lines if needed.
1
(b)
For the wave in the deeper water, determine the angle of refraction.
1
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Question 18 (4 marks)
Discuss the problems that exist in communications technology due to the limited range of the
electromagnetic spectrum available for communications purposes.
In your answer, identify ways by which these problems are minimized.
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Question 19 (3 marks)
(a)
State the Principle of Superposition.
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(b)
Draw a diagram showing the reflection of parallel rays from a convex mirror.
1
(c)
Recall an application of a convex mirror.
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Kotara High School : Science : Physics : Preliminary Course Final Examination : 2009 : page 9
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Question 20 (2 marks)
(a)
Draw a diagram of a bar magnet. Clearly label its magnetic poles AND draw the shape of the
magnetic field around it.
(b)
1
Draw a diagram of a solenoid that would produce the same magnetic field as the magnet in (a) AND
indicate the direction of the current through the solenoid. (You do not have to draw the magnetic
field.)
1
Question 21 (3 marks)
(a)
State the unit for electrical charge.
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(b)
Contrast the movement of charge carriers in direct current and alternating current electricity.
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(c)
Explain how electrical potential difference and electrical charge are related.
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Question 22 (4 marks)
The graph below shows the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of two different conductors, X and Y.
(a)
State the value of the current for which the resistance of X is the same as the resistance of Y.
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(b)
On the grid above, draw a graph for 2 conductors, identical to conductor X, joined in series.
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(c)
Account for the I-V characteristic of conductor Y.
2
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Question 23 (4 marks)
Justify the need for different circuits in a typical household electricity network AND describe THREE
different circuits.
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Question 24 (5 marks)
Consider the following two electrical circuits.
The current flowing through the 150 ohm resistor in each circuit is the same.
(a)
Calculate the current flowing in circuit Z.
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(b)
Use the answer from part (a) to determine the potential difference across the 80  resistor in circuit Y.
2
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(c)
Determine the value of resistor X.
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Question 25 (5 marks)
The diagram below shows an airbag inflating during a car collision.
A car of mass 420 kg was traveling at 60 kmh-1 when a force of 5000 N (assumed constant) reduced its speed
to zero in a collision.
(a)
Explain how the airbag reduces injury to a driver.
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(b)
Recall another feature of modern cars that helps reduce injury to passengers.
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(c)
Calculate the kinetic energy of the car before the collision.
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(d)
Identify ONE energy transformation that occurs during a collision.
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Question 26 (2 marks)
The diagram below shows two cars moving away from an intersection.
Car A is traveling north at 60 kmph and Car B is traveling east at 80 kmph.
Construct a vector diagram to calculate the velocity of Car A relative to Car B.
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Question 27 (4 marks)
(a)
Define mass.
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(b)
A car is traveling at a constant speed along a horizontal, straight smooth roadway. If the driver does
not change pressure on the accelerator, explain why there is a change of speed when:
(i)
the car proceeds down a hill
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(ii)
the horizontal road becomes very rough
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Question 28 (6 marks)
A car accelerates from rest and moves 200 m in 40 seconds. The car then continues at constant velocity for 30
seconds.
(a)
Calculate the initial acceleration of the car.
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(b)
Calculate the total distance moved by the car.
2
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(c)
Graph displacement versus time for the motion of the car during the 70 second time interval.
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Question 29 (5 marks)
(a)
Compare the ionizing power AND penetrating power of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation.
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(b)
Explain why electric fields may be used to distinguish between alpha, beta and gamma radiation.
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Question 30 (3 marks)
Sketch a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram with labeled axes and regions for THREE groups of stars.
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Question 31 (5 marks)
Describe a theory of the origin of the universe AND the main evidence on which this theory is based.
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End of Paper
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