Download S Ch6 SG

_____________________________
_____________
Our Test will be on __________________________
Science Study Guide
Chapter 6 – “The Rock Cycle”
vocabulary –
mineral - ______________________________________________________________________
rock - _________________________________________________________________________
igneous - ______________________________________________________________________
sedimentary - __________________________________________________________________
metamorphic - _________________________________________________________________
rock cycle - ____________________________________________________________________
weathering - ___________________________________________________________________
erosion - ______________________________________________________________________
humus - _______________________________________________________________________
horizons - _____________________________________________________________________
bedrock - _____________________________________________________________________
sand - ________________________________________________________________________
clay - _________________________________________________________________________
Answer the following questions from Chapter 6. The page number on which the answers are to be found are listed.
PAGE 194
1. Minerals form the _________________ and __________________ in a rock.
2. There are more than ______________ minerals.
PAGE 194-195
3. Give three ways someone can tell what kind of mineral a rock is made up of.
a. _____________________________________________________
b. _____________________________________________________
c. _____________________________________________________
PAGE 195
4. The way a mineral reflects light is its ______________________.
page 196
5. Igneous rocks come from __________________________ that cools and hardens.
6. Melted rock inside the Earth’s crust is called __________________, but when it reaches
the surface and begins to cool, it is called __________________.
PAGE 197
7. _____________________ is pieces of rock that have been broken down and moved.
8. Give the four steps that occur when sedimentary rock is formed.
a. ________________________________________________________________________
b. ________________________________________________________________________
c. ________________________________________________________________________
d. ________________________________________________________________________
PAGE 198
9. __________________ and ___________________ cause one type of rock to become
metamorphic rock.
10. In the diagram below, explain how one rock can become another kind of rock. Be sure to
use colors and show what those colors mean in the key to the right. Use pages 202-203.
melting and
cooling
broken down and
carried away
pressure and heat
PAGE 208
11. ___________________ weathering breaks rock into smaller pieces, like when wind blows
sand into larger rocks and chips away at them.
12. ___________________ weathering changes the makeup of the rock like when water can
wear away certain minerals within a rock.
PAGES 210 & 211
13. Explain how each of the following things can cause weathering.

ice __________________________________________________________________

tree roots ____________________________________________________________

rocks in a stream ______________________________________________________
PAGE 212
14. Explain how erosion and weathering are different.
15. How do glaciers cause erosion?
PAGE 216 & 217
16. Soil is made up of four layers, or horizons. Name the four of them and label them below.
_________________ _________________ _________________ _________________
17. Some soil takes __________________ of years to form, which is one reason why it is such
and important resource.
page 218
18. The largest particles of soil are ________________ while the smallest are ______________.
19. Different amounts of ________________, __________________, and _________________
give soil its texture or feel.
PAGE 219
20. A dark colored soil may have come from a ____________________, where there is a lot of
humus.
21. A light colored soil may have come from a __________________, where there is little
organic or living matter.
PAGE 220
22. If a particular soil is not fertile and does not grow plants well, a gardener or farmer might
put _____________________ into the soil.
23. The nutrients that are added to the soil are either natural or artificial _________________.
24. _____________________ helps soil hold water.
25. ________________________ is a natural fertilizer that adds humus to the soil.