Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Habitat conservation wikipedia , lookup
Molecular ecology wikipedia , lookup
Unified neutral theory of biodiversity wikipedia , lookup
Biodiversity action plan wikipedia , lookup
Introduced species wikipedia , lookup
Occupancy–abundance relationship wikipedia , lookup
Island restoration wikipedia , lookup
Latitudinal gradients in species diversity wikipedia , lookup
Storage effect wikipedia , lookup
Population – group of individuals of the same species living in the same area, potentially interacting Community – group of populations of different species living in the same area, potentially interacting What are some ecological interactions? Why are ecological interactions important? Interactions can affect where an organism lives (distribution) and how many there are (abundance). Interactions can influence evolution or adaptation. Think about how the following interactions can affect distribution, abundance, and evolution. Types of ecological interactions competition predation parasitism mutualism commensalism symbiosis Competition – two species share a requirement for a limited resource reduces fitness of one or both species Trees competing for sun Mice competing for food Competition – two species share a requirement for a limited resource reduces fitness of one or both species American Bison Competing for a female. predation – 1 species hunts, kills and eats another species 1 species benefits and other species life is lost. Herbivory predation Mutualism – two species provide resources or services to each other enhances fitness of both species bacteria and plant roots: the bacteria changes nitrogen gas into usable nitrogen and the plants roots provide nutrients for t bacteria to survive. Fungus (base) and algae(nutrients) produce lichens. Ants aerate and soil which helps with drainage and turning the soil. (cultivating) Clown fish and sea anenome Parasitism – one species feeds on another enhances fitness of parasite but reduces fitness of host Hookworm in animal feces Tick Corn Blight caused by a fungus. mistletoe Head lice Commensalism – one species receives a benefit from another species enhances fitness of one species; no effect on fitness of the other species Tree limb provides a base for growth. Ray provides transport Symbiosis – two species live together can include parasitism, mutualism, and commensalism Organizing ecological interactions effect on species 1 + effect on species 2 + mutualism 0 commensalism - predation herbivory parasitism 0 - commensalism predation herbivory parasitism competition competition competition