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Earth Science Earth and Energy Systems Earth Science Energy and Waves Comprehensive Do Now Pick up the worksheet “Energy Day 1 Do Now” Do Now Extended Questions What is happening when energy is applied to one ball? What kind of energy is present when the ball is held up? What kind of energy is present when the ball is released? What happens when you pick up and release two balls at once? Why does this happen? Essential Question How are the different forms of energy related? What is Mechanical Energy? Energy due to a object’s motion (kinetic) or position (potential). The bowling ball has mechanical energy. When the ball strikes the pins, mechanical energy is transferred to the pins! Kinetic vs Potential Kinetic is the energy of movement The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it has. Potential is stored energy Gravitational Potential Energy is potential energy in relation to gravity (like a ball being held in the air before releasing) Potential when at Elastic Potential is the energy rest stored as a result of deformation of an elastic object, such as the stretching of a spring. Kinetic on its way up What is Electromagnetic Energy? Light energy Includes energy from gamma rays, xrays, ultraviolet rays, visible light, infrared rays, microwave and radio bands What is Chemical Energy? Energy that is available for release from chemical reactions. The chemical bonds in a matchstick store energy that is transformed into thermal energy when the match is struck. Food is chemical energy that our bodies require. Examples of Chemical Energy What is Thermal Energy? Heat energy The heat energy of an object determines how active its atoms are. Hot object = atoms and molecules are excited and show rapid movement. Cool object = molecules and atoms show less movement. Friction, the “anti” movement Friction is a force that causes resistance when two or more objects push against each other. Energy is transferred out due to this force. The reason why car brakes work is due to the friction of the brake pad taking the kinetic energy away from the car’s movement. Energy Transfer vs Transformation Transfer The process of transferring energy from one body to another. Ex: Dropping a ball into sand takes kinetic energy from the ball and transfers it to the sand Transformation The process of transforming one form of energy to another. Ex: Food changing from chemical energy to mechanical when running Energy Transfer and Transformation GPE Transformation Changes to KE Transfer of kinetic energy though Newton’s Cradle Exit Ticket Pick a sport you are familiar with. Can the Law of Conservation of Energy be applied when playing that sport? Explain your reasoning.