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Name:________________________________
Teacher_____________________
Science 8.____
Date:_____________________
Weather & Water Final Exam Study Guide: Investigations 6 - 9
Investigation 6: Water in the Air
1. Define the following terms:
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Evaporation –______________________________________________________________________
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Condensation – _____________________________________________________________________
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Relative Humidity – __________________________________________________________________
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Dew Point – _______________________________________________________________________
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Humidity – _________________________________________________________________________
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Saturation – ________________________________________________________________________
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Condensation Nucleus –_______________________________________________________________
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Weather Balloon - ___________________________________________________________________
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Sounding – _________________________________________________________________________
Relative Humidity Practice Problems:
2. Use the Humidity Calculation Chart (p. 32 in your notebook or p. 79 in the RB) to answer the question:
Dry Bulb 24°C
Wet Bulb 13 °C
R.H.:____________
2. Dry Bulb 18°C
Wet Bulb 14°C
RH:_______________
3. If the air can hold a maximum of 45 g of water vapor, and there is currently 25 g of vapor in the air, what is
the relative humidity? (Show your work!)
4. Use the chart on page 31 of your notebook to answer the following questions. Show your work!
What is the relative humidity of a kg of air at 25 °C that contains:
(Hint: You need to first find the max. amount of water vapor the air can hold at that temp!)
a. 10 g of water vapor
b. 15 g of water vapor
5. Why does sweating help keep a person cool? Explain in detail, and be sure to include:
a. changes in the state of the water
b. transfer of kinetic energy
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6. How does the kinetic energy change during evaporation?
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7. How does the kinetic energy change during condensation?
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8. Why does condensation form on the outside of your glass of iced tea? Explain in detail and include:
a. the changes in the state of the water that are occurring
b. changes in kinetic energy (both inside and outside the glass)
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9. What is the relationship between temperature and air pressure?
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10. If the amount of water vapor in the air stays the same, but the air temperature increases, what happens to
the relative humidity?
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11. What do you think would happen to water vapor that condenses on a surface that has a temperature below
0°C? _______________________________________________________________________________
What is this type of dew called? ____________________________________
12. What is the difference between humidity and dew point?
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13. Circle the correct word from the pair to explain cloud formation.
Water vapor near the ground absorbs energy through (conduction/convection). The temperature
(increases/decreases) causing the density to (increase/decrease), therefore the water vapor (rises/sinks). As
the water vapor (rises/sinks), the temperature (increases/decreases), which causes the density to
(increase/decrease). The water vapor cools to its (dew point/relative humidity) and (evaporates/condenses),
forming liquid droplets of water. The liquid water needs (condensation nuclei / gas) on which to form. As
more and more water droplets (condense/evaporate), they form a visible cloud. As the water droplets continue
to grow larger, they can become too heavy and (precipitation/evaporation) occurs.
14. Below, draw a diagram to explain cloud formation.
Investigation 7: The Water Cycle
15. Define the following terms:
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Water Cycle - ____________________________________________________________________
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Precipitation - ____________________________________________________________________
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Percolation - _____________________________________________________________________
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Transpiration - ____________________________________________________________________
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Collection - ______________________________________________________________________
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Groundwater - _____________________________________________________________________
16. What percentage of Earth is covered by water? _____________________
17. Water Distribution on Earth:
______% is freshwater stored in icecaps and glaciers
______% is freshwater in a form usable by plans, animals, and people
______% is saltwater found in the oceans
18. If water is constantly being cycled and changing states, does the amount of water on Earth change?
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**Be sure you know the possible stops of the water cycle! Study your water cycle diagram.
Investigation 8: Air Pressure and Wind
19. Define the following terms:
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Atmospheric (air) pressure - _______________________________________________________
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Isobars - _________________________________________________________________________
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Wind - ________________________________________________________________________
20. What is the relationship between pressure and temperature?
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21. What is the relationship between pressure and volume?
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22. What is the relationship between pressure and density?
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23. Wind always flows from __________ pressure to __________________ pressure.
24. What does the distance between isobars indicate?
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24. Explain, in detail, how wind forms. Be sure to include the following:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Differential heating (warm/cold areas)
Density differences
Pressure differences
Direction of wind
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For 25 – 28, draw the following local winds. In each, be sure to label the following:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
day/night
warm/cold
rising/sinking air
high/low pressure
wind direction
25. Sea Breeze
26. Land Breeze
27. Mountain Breeze
28. Valley Breeze
Investigation 9: Weather and Climate
29. Define the following terms:
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Stagnant Air – ____________________________________________________________________
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Source Region - ___________________________________________________________________
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Air Mass - ____________________________________________________________________
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Front - ________________________________________________________________________
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Warm Front - _____________________________________________________________________
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Cold Front - ________________________________________________________________________
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Greenhouse Effect - _______________________________________________________________
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Global Warming - __________________________________________________________________
30. Identify and describe the following air masses:
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cT - ______________________________________________________________________________
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cP - ______________________________________________________________________________
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mT - ______________________________________________________________________________
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mP - _______________________________________________________________________________
31. When a cold air mass overtakes a warm air mass, what do you think happens to the warm air?
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32. If a cold air mass forms over Canada, what kind of air mass would it be? ___________________________
33. If a warm air mass forms over the Gulf of Mexico waters, what kind of air mass would it be? ___________
34. What is the difference between weather & climate?
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35. Draw and label a warm front. Include the following:
a. Front boundary line
b. Warm air location
c. Cold air location
d. Type of weather occurring
36. Draw and label a cold front. Include the following:
a. Front boundary line
b. Warm air location
c. Cold air location
d. Type of weather occurring