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Chapter 5, lesson 1 Standards: Sc. 6. E. 7.2, SC.6. E. 7.6, SC.6.E. 7.7 Learning goal: TSWBAT understand weather, the variables that affect weather and how weather is related to the water cycle. Weather is the short term changes in the atmosphere in a certain place at a specific time. Weather changes quickly. http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/101videos/weather-101-sci 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. Variables are used to describe the weather. Temperature and rainfall are more common variables. Meteorologists ( scientists who study and predict weather) use many variables to describe a variety of atmospheric changes. a. Air temperature, air pressure, wind speed, wind direction, humidity, cloud coverage, and precipitation. Remember: a VARIABLE is something that CHANGES AIR TEMPERATURE Measures the kinetic energy of molecules in the air. Molecules in warm air move faster than molecules in cold air. AIR PRESSURE Air pressure is the pressure that a column of air exerts on the air or a surface below. Air pressure decreases as altitude increases. Colder air has higher air pressure than warm air. Air pressure is measured with a barometer. HUMIDITY WIND SPEED Remember: wind is the movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure. The tool used to measure wind speed is called an anemometer. Humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air. anemometer RELATIVE HUMIDITY This is the amount of water vapor present in the air compared to how much the air can hold. This is shown as a percentage (%) Warm air can hold more water vapor than cold air. Relative humidity is measured with a psychomotor DEW POINT This is the temperature where air is FULLY saturated (full of moisture) because of decreasing temperature. Think of a sponge. When it is full of water, it drips water. When air becomes saturated with water vapor, the water vapor condenses and forms water droplets. Clouds are water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the atmosphere. A cloud that forms near Earth’s surface is called fog. This is water, in liquid or solid form, that falls from the atmosphere. http://www.erh.noaa.gov/rnk/Newsletter/W inter%202004-05/P-Type_files/image005.gif Snow Sleet Freezing rain rain Define these words, using your books or interactive notebooks weather air pressure precipitation humidity relative humidity dew point water cycle