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Name ________________________________ Date _____________________ Hour _____ Study Guide – Human Body Test Unit 2 – Respiratory and Circulatory Systems, Lessons 10-16 Lesson 10-11 Respiratory System 1. The air sacs in your lungs are called ________________________ 2. Your lungs are surrounded by _______________________________ 3. The functions of the nose are ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. The larynx is commonly called the ________________________________ 5. The trachea is commonly called the _______________________________ 6. A hiccup is caused by ____________________________________________________________ 7. A burp is caused by ______________________________________________________________ 8. The amount of air a person can forcibly exhale after taking a deep breath (as in the lab) is called ______________________________________________________________________________ 9. When you inhale, your diaphragm moves ( up / down ), and the ribs move ( up / down ), the volume of your chest cavity ( increases / decreases ), which ( increases / decreases ) the air pressure in your lungs, causing air to rush ( in / out ). 10. Gas exchange occurs (where?) _____________________________________________________ 11. Characteristics of the bell jar model of breathing: ______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 12. Characteristics of the syringe model of breathing: ______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 13. The path of an air during ventilation (breathing): _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 14. When exhaling, the amount of air remaining in your lungs is the __________________________ Lesson 12-13 Cellular respiration and calories 15. A calorie is a unit of __________________________ 16. The primary function/role of cellular respiration is to release__________ from digested nutrients. 17. During cellular respiration, ______________________ helps convert __________________ to energy, while releasing _________________________ and ________________________. 18. Cellular respiration takes place in the __________________________ of body cells. 19. If a food sample releases more heat when burned, then it has more _________________________ Lesson 14-16 Circulatory System 20. Which vessels carry blood to the heart? ________________________________________ 21. Which vessels exchange nutrients and waste products? __________________________________ 22. Which vessels carry blood away from the heart? _______________________________________ 23. Which vessels are the smallest? ____________________________________________________ 24. _______________________ are solid substances that aids in clotting of blood 25. ________________________ cells helps protect the body against disease 26. ________________________ cells carry oxygen to body cells 27. The liquid part of blood is called __________________________________ 28. Risk factors for high blood pressure include __________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 29. What is the relationship between artery size and blood pressure? __________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 30. The human circulatory system is a __________________ system with __________ loops and a ______________-chambered heart. 31. The __________________ is the “superhighway” that carries oxygenated blood out of the heart to the rest of the body. 32. Why does blood from the body cells come back to the heart with less oxygen? _______________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 33. In the heart, the septum separates the ________________________________________ 34. The oxygenated blood is in the ______________ side of the heart. 35. The ________________ of the heart is stronger than the ______________________. *TIPS:* A table of blood types is shown on the test, with questions that can be easily answered if you can read the table. The picture from Student Sheet 14.1c is on the test with questions about the direction of blood flow (choices: up or down) in various places that are labeled, and the names of the different structures of the heart. What is homeostasis, and what are examples of it with these body systems?