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Chapter 24
Section 4
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Romanticism
Realism
Impressionism
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1800’s
Enlightenment ideas
reason in art
Romanticismreflected a deep
interest in nature and
in thought of
feelings of the
individual
Writers reacted
against
Enlightenment ideas
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Emotion or wild
emotion was a key
element
Artistic thinkers
shared these beliefs
– Emphasized inner
feelings, emotions,
imagination
– Focused on the
mysterious,
supernatural, exotic,
grotesque, or
horrifying
– Loved the beauties of
untamed nature
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Idealized the past as
a simpler and nobler
time
Glorified heroes and
heroic actions
Cherished folk
traditions, music and
stories
Value the common
people and the
individual
Promoted radical
change in democracy
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Poetry, music and
painting the most
influential arts
Romantics- poetry
was the highest
form of expression
William
Wordsworth, John
Keats
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Germany produced
one of the earliest
writers John
Wolfgang von
Goethe
Wrote The Sorrows
of Young Werther
Young mans love
drives him to
suicide
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Gothic horror stories
Took place in
medieval castles
Fearful, violent and
supernatural
Mary Shelley wrote a
gothic horror story
Frankenstein
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Monster created from
body parts of human
beings
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Emotion dominates
music
Celebrated heroism
and national pride
with new power of
expression
Music became part of
middle class life
Fran Liszt (pianist)
earnings and
popularity like
present day rock star
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Greatest romantic
composer Ludwig
van Beethoven
Evolved from
classical music into
romantic
compositions
Ninth symphony
soars, celebrating
freedom, dignity, and
triumph of the
human spirit
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Romantic composers
appealed to heart
and souls of their
listeners
Felix Mendelssohndrew on literature
(Shakespeare’s Mid
Summers Night
Dream
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Frederic Chopin used
Polish dance rhythms
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19th century
industrialization
affected everyday life
Industrial workers
lived grim lives in
dirty cities
Realism-tried to
show life as it was,
not as it should be
Realist painters
showed the political
importance of the
working class
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Could record an
instant in time
First photographs
called
daguerreotypes
(Louis Daguerre)
Images startling
real and won world
wide fame
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William Talbot invented
light sensitive paper to
produce photographic
negatives
Advantage of paper is
that many prints could
be made of one image
Talbot’s process
allowed photos to be
reproduce in
newspapers and
magazines
Photography an art of
the industrial age
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Realism flourished in
France
Honore de Balzac
wrote 100 novels
entitled The Human
Comedy
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Brutal struggle for
wealth in French
society
Emile Zola exposed the
miseries of French
workers in small
shops, factories, and
coal mine
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His revelations
shocked readers
Spurred reforms and
labor laws
Charles Dickens
created unforgettable
characters of
London’s poor
Life of a working
class person as sheer
monotony set in a
gloomy
neighborhood
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1860’s painters react
against realist style
Tried to show their best
impression instead of
how “life really was”
Impressionism- try to
show their impression of
a subject or a moment in
time
Fascinated by light, used
shimmering colors to
capture a moment seen
at a glance
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Impressionists
showed a more
positive view
Instead of abused
workers they
showed shop
clerks, dock
workers enjoying
themselves
◦ Dance halls
◦ Cafes
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Painted performers in
theatres and circuses
Glorified delights of
life in rising middle
class
Claude Monet, Edgar
Degas, PierreAuguste Renoirwere leaders in the
movement that
became very popular
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Composers created
impressions of mood
and atmosphere
Used different
combinations of
instruments, tone
patterns, and music
structures
Able to create mental
pictures of flashing
lights, feel of warm
day
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Maurice Revel and
Claude Debussy most
notable members of
the impressionist
music movement
Changes in political,
social and artistic and
intellectual movement
signaled important
changes in daily life
One of the most
significant will be
industrialization