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Zoologist Name: Prd: Interesting Examples of creatures in Phylum Porifera: Sounds like…. “por-IF-er-ah” Magic Sponges? If you were to take a living sponge and were to smash it through a screen and break apart all of the cells…. what would happen? _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ The Facts … Body symmetryReproductionMovementFood- _____________________________________ Sponges are examples of … _____________________________________ Porifera stands for the Greek words meaning “________________________________” The body of a sponge is covered in pores (tiny holes), which allows the sponge to take in ___________________ such as plankton as well as ______________________________. _______________________________________ . aka Choanocytes wiggle their tails and water flows swish sea water through the sponge. As the water flows through, the Chonanocytes snag pieces of food. Sponges do not have bones, yet they are hard. Sponges have tiny _______________________ that act as skeletons. PHYLUM PORIFERA Choaocyte or “____________” ” Water goes OUT through the ____________ Water goes IN through the _____________ Nemo is in Danger!! The coral reef is in danger! Although some parts of the coral reef is as hard as a rock, the ecosystem is very delicate. If things like _________________________________ or ______________________________ touch the coral it can damage to the reef and destroy many animals’ niches. Sounds like “ny-DARE-ee-ah” Examples of creatures in Phylum Cnidaria: Hydra (Chlorohydra viridissima): Hydra live in _____________________________ . They are the only Cnidarians not to live in salt water. “Duuuuuude. Takin on the Jellies!” This hydra is in it’s ____________________________ stage. Hydra eat food like _____________________________ Picture of Hydra The Facts … Body symmetry- Reproduction- Movement- Food- . ________________________________ STINGING CELLS. Used as defense and to capture their prey. Draw the two body plans of Cnidarians: Polyp stage Medusa stage Cnidarians can move in very interesting ways Hydra- summersault Jellyfish- swim Anemones- stretch out and bend from side to side _____________________________ is made up mostly of Cnidarians and Porifera. Cniarians in their polyp stage Attached Free swimming will attach to any surface on the ocean floor. As they grow, they construct a hard inner structure and surround it with a soft body. When Cniarians die, the soft tentacles disintegrate but the hard structure is left behind. Nom nom nom… How Do Cnidaria Eat? ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ Cnidarians have a TWO WAY digestive system … PHYLUM CNIDARIA Examples of creatures in Phylum Nematoda: The Facts … Body symmetryReproductionMovement- Round worms look like tiny pieces of cooked spaghetti with a pointed head and tail. Food- Sounds like “nem-ma-TOE-dah” Worms are the simplest animals that have a ______________________. Their brain is more of a cluster of nerve tissue. Worms have a ______ digestive system. They are more advanced than sponges or cnidarians. Label the MOUTH & ANUS and draw arrows for the path of food. . Worms do not have eyes, ears or noses. How can they tell what is around them? ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ - Nematodes are the most abundant animals on earth, with over ____________________ species identified. They can live in almost any environment on earth. PHYLUM NEMATODA (round) Examples of creatures in Phylum Platyhelmenthes: - Planaria (Dugesia dorotocephala) The Facts … Body symmetryReproductionMovementFood- Sounds like “plat-ee-hel-MEN-thees” Platyhelminthes Tapeworms ! (ewwww) Tape worms are parasitic. HostParasite- This part is called the ______________________. What is the longest tape worm ever found to date? ____________________ What do Planarian and Frankenstein have in common???? How do tape worms get so long? ____________________________ Regeneration ! ____________________________ Regeneration is…. ____________________________ ______________________________________________ ____________________________ ______________________________________________ ____________________________ ______________________________________________ ____________________________ ______________________________________________ ____________________________ PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES (flat) . Examples of creatures in Phylum Annelida: Earthworms (Dugesia dorotocephala) Sounds like…. “a-NELL-i-dah” The Facts … Body symmetry- Did You Know??? The scientific name for an earthworm poop is _______________________________ ReproductionMovementFood- Did You Know??? The average earthworm has about _______________ segments! A segment is one of the small divisions on the surface of the worm. Why are Annelids good for our soil? 1. 2. 3. Earthworm Anatomy Mouth Brain Heart Coelom Nerve cord Digestive tract Blood vessels Anus Describe how each of these features help earthworms move through the dirt. 1) Bristles- 2) Mucus – Segmented worms have a __________________ digestive system Annelids blood moves through a “_________________” circulatory system. Which means blood is confined to blood vessels. Earthworms need to remain moist at all times because they absorb oxygen through their skin using the moisture. PHYLUM ANNELIDA (segmented) Examples of creatures in Phylum Echniodermata: The Facts … Body symmetryReproductionMovementFoodWhere- Sounds like… “ee-ky-no-der-MAH-tah” Echinodermata- Most echinoderms, like starfish have tiny suction cups on the bottom of their called ______________________________________. They use these feet to move, and also to grasp prey. (ex. Prying open clam shells) _______________________________ don’t move using tube feet, instead they carry themselves around using their long limbs or tentacles. Sand dollars don’t have limbs or tube feet…. But have very short ___________________ which help them _____________________________________________________. Sea Cucumbers live on the _________________________________. They don’t have spines, but have a very tough, leathery skin. They have a mouth at one end and an anus at the other end. What do sea cucumbers do when they sense danger? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA Examples of creatures in Phylum Mollusca: The Facts … Body symmetry- There are three main classes within Phylum Mulusca… Reproduction- 1) Gastropoda 2) Bivalvia 3) Cephalopoda MovementFood- Sounds like… “mall-US-kah” All animals in phylum mullusca contain a think muscular ‘______________________________’ This features helps them to open and close their shell, eat, move, or to burry into the sand. The 3 Classes of Phylum Mollusca Class Gastropoda Class Bivalvia Class Cephalopoda “Stomach foot” “Two Shells” “Head foot” Examples: Examples: How do they move? How do they move? How do they move? Tiny cilia on bottom of the stomach foot. Produce mucus to slide on. Opening and closing their shell to squirt water Tentacles & Jet propulsion Pearls Examples: are formed when a small grain of sand gets stuck between the muscular foot and the shell of an oyster. The oyster covers the foreign object with layers upon layer of a shiny secretion. PHYLUM MOLLUSCA Sounds like…. “are-thro-POE-dah” The Facts … Body symmetryReproductionMovementFood- Arthropoda - comes from the Greek word meaning “_______________________________” All arthropods share 4 characteristics 1) 2) 3) 4) Exoskeleton Segmented body Jointed appendages An “open” circulatory system Arthropods have an “_____________________________” circulatory (blood) system. o Describe the difference between an open and a closed circulatory system…. Arthropods have a “outer” skeleton called an _____________________________. How do arthropods grow bigger, if their skeleton is on the outside of their body? ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ There are 4 Sub-phyla of Arthropoda Crustacea Myriapoda Crustacea is Greek for “________________________________________” Myriapoda is Greek for “_________________________________.” Examples of Crustaceans: Examples of Myriapods: Centipedes – Carnivorous (bugs and beetles) Millipedes- Herbivorious ( leaves and organic matter) Crustaceans have two pair of antennae and mouthparts Why are they found in damp places? ______________ that are used for crushing and grinding food. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ Crustaceans have a special respiratory organ called _____________________________________________ gills Arachinida Examples of Arachnids: Insecta Insects have three body sections: 1. 2. 3. Insets have _____________ legs attached to the chest. Two body sections: 1) 2) They all have either 4 or 8 legs The fear of animals in this phylum is called… ____________________________________ PHYLUM ARTHROPODA Metamorphosis means “to ______________________” 1) Egg 2) Larva (eat eat eat eat eat) 3) Pupa (sometimes wrapped in cocoon) 4) Adult (reproduction) Defense mechanisms: stingers & camouflage Extremely powerful chemicals released by insects to attract a mate are called pheromones. Invertebrate Tid-bits The five kingdoms are: The levels of classification are (from largest to smallest) 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Animal Kingdom can be broken down into two major divisions: 1. ___________ : Vertebral column = Backbone 2. _________ : Have a Backbone Characteristics of the Animal Kingdom 1. All display the 8 functions of life 2. Animal cells ________ contain a cell wall 3. Animals have organized body plans Cells Tissues Organs Organ systems Types of Symmetry 1) 2) 3) Types of Reproduction ______________________Reproduction- Requires 2 sex cells (sperm & egg) ______________________Reproduction- Requires only 1 to produce offspring Organism