Download Epic Hero - English with Mrs. Holt

Holt 2015
Name: _____________________________ Date:____________________________
11
GREEK MYTHOLOGY
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Literacy Lesson: What is a myth?
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Myth:
– describes the actions of _______________ or _______________or explains the origins of
elements of nature
– Is presented in the literature of every _______________ (Ancient Greek and Roman
myths are known as ______________________________).
Legend:
– Recounts the _______________of a hero from the past
– Often relates events that are based on ______________________________
– Includes tall tales, which feature exaggeration
Handout & Essay in Journal (#2)
•
•
GREEK MYTHOLOGY
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Greeks turned to _______________for explanations of change in _______________and as a
means of gaining good fortune or rich harvests.
•
For advice, they sometimes consulted _______________, special temples who priestesses and
priests gave vaguely worded hints about the future.
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Greek believed in a pantheon of gods and goddesses; they live on
______________________________
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Their gods often _______________in the affairs of humans;
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The gods took interest in humans welfare and _______________or _______________them
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Gods and goddesses acted like _______________, having good and bad qualities and acting on
their own personal interests
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Greek religion did not have a body of _______________, nor did it focus on _______________
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The Greeks build temples to worship the gods and honored them with festivals (Olympics)
and rituals
Dirty Dozen
______________________
Holt 2015
Name: _____________________________ Date:____________________________
_____________
BIO: Zeus’s brother, he is
BIO: Son of
God of the ocean and
Zeus and Hera,
•
earthquakes.
He is most
the
lame
•
often associated with his
____________________
blacksmith and
trident • in art – the
BIO: Son of Zeus and
God of fire.
•
famous
three-pronged
messenger of the Gods. He is
•
SYMBOLS: fire,
spear.
also the God of science and
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the blacksmith’s
invention.
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SYMBOLS:
trident,
hammer
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horse, bull
SYMBOLS: wand, winged
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sandals, winged helmet
•
•
•
_____________________
•
_______________________
BIO: Daughter of Zeus,
___________
BIO: Wife
= of Hephaestus, she is
she is the Goddess of war,
BIO: Son of
the Goddess of love and beauty.
wisdom, patriotism and
•
Zeus.
She is said
to have been born in
good citizenship. She is
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Terrible
sea foam. Her sons are Eros
the protector of her
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God of War.
(Cupid) and Aeneas, a mortal
namesake city of Athens.
•
man.
SYMBOLS:
•
SYMBOLS: owl, shield,
• dove, goose, sparrow,
vulture, dog
SYMBOLS:
olive tree
(+2)
___________________________
Bio: Zeus sister, mother of
Persephone. Goddess of the
harvest, who presided over grains
and the fertility of the earth;
seasons.
Symbols: poppy, wheat, torch
_______________________ Queen
of the Underworld and a daughter
of Demeter and Zeus. Also,
goddess of spring time. Lives in the
underworld 6 months of the year.
Symbol: Pomegranate, Spring,
wreath of flowers worn in hair,
________________________
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BIO: King of the Gods. He is
sometimes angry at the
behaviour of gods and people,
but he can also be a gentle and
caring ruler. He has a
weakness
for
beautiful
women.
SYMBOLS:
shield, oak tree
thunderbolt,
______________________
BIO: Zeus’s wife. Queen of
the Gods,
guardian of
marriage. She is a great
woman and diplomat. She is
often jealous and nags her
husband, but she is an
excellent wife and teacher.
SYMBOLS: peacock, cow
____________________
BIO: Son of Zeus, God of
poetry, music, medicine and
light. He is often associated
with the sun. His chariot
creates the sunrise everyday.
SYMBOLS:
crow,
dolphin, lyre
_______________________
Bio:Apollo’s twin sister. Goddess of
hunting and wild things. She is
associated with the moon. She is
sometimes called Cynthia.
SYMBOLS: stag, crescent, moon,
cypress tree
__________________
BIO: God of the
Underworld
and
brother of Zeus. Loves
Persepone.
SYMBOLS:
metal jewels
helmet,
laurel,
_________________________________
Bio: His mother was a mortal woman
and his father was Zeus. The god of the
grape harvest, winemaking and wine, of
ritual madness and ecstasy
Symbol: the bull, serpent, ivy, and wine;
associates with satyrs and centaurs
Holt 2015
Name: _____________________________ Date:____________________________
13
AN EPIC JOURNEY
A JOURNEY…
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Life is a journey filled with experiences that shape who we are.
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In what ways can life be thought of as a journey?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
AN EPIC JOURNEY …A HERO’S QUEST
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The Odyssey is a classic adventure story. It combines realistic elements of _______________
events with wildly _______________scenes of fantastic places and creatures.
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We, as humans, have always journeyed. We have wondered what is beyond the horizon,
beyond the sea, beyond the sky, beyond the solar systems….
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Some journeys are simply us trying to find ______________________________….
AN EPIC
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An _______________is a long narrative poem about important events in the history of
_______________and _______________of a culture.
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Characteristic of an epic usually include:
– Is a long ______________________________
– A physically impressive _______________of national or historical importance
– A vast setting involving much of the known physical world and sometimes the
______________________________as well
– Actions such as a quest or journey taken in search of something of value
– Evidence of _______________forces at work
– Glorification of the _______________at the end
– Gives a detailed portrait of a _______________
Holt 2015
Name: _____________________________ Date:____________________________
14
EPICS
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The Epic of Gilgamesh, Mahabharata, Ramayana
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______________________________
•
_______________
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Paradise Lost
EPIC HERO
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An ______________________________is a larger-than-life figure, usually male, who embodies
the ideals of a nation or race.
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The epic hero demonstrates traits that are valued by that _______________.
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The characters traits can be developed by what he/she says in narration and dialogue.
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Many epics begin medias res (“in the middle of things”), meaning that major events occurred
before event in the poem begins
– The hero’s adventures are often recounted in _______________
ARCHETYPE
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_______________– an elements of literature of different cultures; characters types of plot
patterns images, and symbols may all be archetypes
– A ______________________________: a clever or brave person undergoes a series of tests
or trials while on a search for something of great importance
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In Homer’s Day heroes were thought of as a special class of aristocrats
– Somewhere between _______________and _______________people
– Heroes experience pain and death but they were always sure of themselves
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Odysseus is a hero in _______________
– He is relatable because he is lost in a world of difficult choices
Holt 2015
Name: _____________________________ Date:____________________________
15
EPIC SIMILE
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A simile is a comparison of two things using like or as.
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An ______________________________is a longer, more detailed simile that can go on for
several lines.
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Example: “And Odysseus let the bright molten tears run down his cheeks, weeping [like] the
way a wife mourns for her lord on the lost field where he has gone down fighting the day of
wrath that came upon his children . . .”
EPITHET
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An _______________is a brief descriptive phrase that helps to characterize a person or thing.
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Example: “Son of Laertes and the gods of old, Odysseus, master mariner and soldier. . .”
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Epithets were used to give story telling a _______________ effect.
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A phrase that describes a person and connects to their name. Often seen in Homer’s Epic
Poems.
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Epithets describe _______________ traits, _______________, or _______________ traits.
– Example:
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Odysseus, son of Laertes
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Sparkling-eyed Athena (Homer 7)
– Create your own Epithet
Holt 2015
Name: _____________________________ Date:____________________________
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CREATE YOUR OWN EPITHET ON A PIECE OF PAPER.
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Write your name and create three epithets for yourself according to the following criteria
– A physical trait
– A personality trait
– Lineage
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Illustrate each of the epithets in a way that symbolizes the phrase within the
epithet.
RUBRIC FOR GRADING THE EPITHET PROJECT:
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Epithet depicts physical trait
10
– Physical traits are illustrated in a symbolic way 10
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Epithet depicts personality trait
– Personality traits are illustrated symbolically
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Epithet depicts lineage
10
10
10
– Physical traits are illustrated in a symbolic way 10
– Name is creatively written on the paper
10
70 total
Holt 2015
Name: _____________________________ Date:____________________________
17
THE ILIAD
MUSES
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The Iliad & the Odyssey are ______________________________, which were recited in front of
audiences.
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Both the Iliad and the Odyssey begin by _______________ the Muses.
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Muses are the goddesses of _______________, _______________and _______________, and the
source of inspiration to poets.
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Goddesses of knowledge who _______________ all stories!
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Muses
THE ILIAD
“_______________: Sing, Goddesses, Achilles’ rage, Black and murderous, that cost the Greeks
Incalculable pain, pitched countless souls Of heroes into Hades’ dark, And left their bodies to rot as
feasts For dogs and birds, as Zeus’ will was done. Begin with the clash between Agamemnon – The
Greek Warlord – and godlike Achilles.”
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Achilles versus Hector, Prince of Troy
LITERACY LESSON: TROJAN WAR
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Complete Handout & Writing #3
BEFORE THE TROJAN WAR
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Odysseus was married to _______________ and they had a toddler son, Telemachus
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When he was called to join the war against Tory, as ruler of Ithaca, he was bound by
_______________ to go
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Odysseus did not want to go to war
– He even pretended to be _______________
Holt 2015
Name: _____________________________ Date:____________________________
18
THE TROJAN WAR
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According to legend, the Trojan War was sparked when _______________, prince of Troy, ran
off with _______________, wife of Menelaus of Sparta.
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King Agamemnon, Menelaus’ brother, attacks _______________.
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The hero of the story is Achilles, “Achilles _______________”
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Odysseus was one of the most influential Greek champions during the Trojan War.
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Odysseus has traditionally been viewed in the Iliad as Achilles's _______________: while
Achilles's anger is all-consuming and of a self-destructive nature
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Odysseus is frequently viewed as a man of means, renowned for his self-restraint and
diplomatic skills; a man of _______________, self-control and a solid leader
HOW IT ALL STARTED …
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Eris: Goddess of _______________
– Threw the Apple of Discord into a wedding dance (that she wasn’t invited to) with a tag
that read “For the Fairest.”
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Aphrodite
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Hera
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Athena
– They all fought over who was the _______________ and asked Zeus to judge
PARIS’ INVOLVEMENT
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All 3 goddesses promised Paris things if he would choose them…
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Athena
– __________________________________________________________________
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Hera
– __________________________________________________________________
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Aphrodite
– __________________________________________________________________
Holt 2015
Name: _____________________________ Date:____________________________
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MEANWHILE, BACK IN GREECE…
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Helen has married Menelaus and they both rule over _______________.
– Helen’s father, King Tyndareus, warned all of punishment to anyone who disrupted the
marriage.
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Aphrodite lead Paris to Sparta for a visit. Menelaus and Helen were very welcoming to him.
Then Menelaus left for a business trip to Crete. Paris went back to Troy with Helen.
THE MEETING OF THE GREEKS
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Kings of Greece…
– Menelaus (married to Helen) (of Sparta)
– Agamemnon (married to Clytemnestra) (of Mycenae)
– Nestor (of Pylos)
– Odysseus (married to Penelope) (of _______________)
– Achilles (of Phthia)
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All of these men were suitors who took an oath to protect her EXCEPT Achilles
THE FACE THAT LAUNCHED 1,000 SHIPS
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A strong wind held the ships back because _______________ was angry. The only way to
make it up to her was by sacrificing Iphigenia.
– Iphigenia was Agamemnon’s oldest daughter.
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The _______________ claimed that the first person to arrive on the shores of Troy would be the
first to die in battle…Protesilaus
TROJAN HORSE
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The siege of Troy finally ended when the Greeks pretended to depart, leaving a giant
_______________ _______________ behind. Thinking that they had won the war, the Trojans
dragged the horse inside the walls of their city. That night, the Greek warriors who had
hidden within the hallow horse crept out and opened the city gates to heir waiting comrades,
who then entered the city.
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Odysseus is credited with coming up with the idea
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After _______________ years, the Greeks won the war against Troy
Holt 2015
Name: _____________________________ Date:____________________________
TROY
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Achilles and Odysseus
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Troy
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