Download Greek Theater, Philosophy, and Other Thinkers

What is similar to the Parthenon?
Lincoln Memorial
What is similar to the Parthenon?
Jefferson Memorial
What is similar to the Parthenon?
Supreme Court
Building
What is similar to the Parthenon?
White House
Types of Columns
Memory Tricks
Doric Columns are Boring and
dorky, they have no style!
Ionic columns look like
eyes or a fancy letter I
Corinthian Columns are
complicated and intricate
What type of column???
What type of column???
What type of column???
What type of column???
The Greek Theater
• 5th Century (400s) B. C.
• Golden Age of Greek Drama
• Dramatic festivals were
popular
• People witnessed tragic and
comic plays
Parts of a Greek Theatre
Skene: the
background building to
which the platform stage
was connected, in which
costumes were stored
and to which the painted
background panels were
connected.
Parts of a Greek Theatre
Theatron: seating area
Parts of a Greek Theatre
Orchestra: the main
performance space or
stage, also the place
where the Chorus
performed
Parts of a Greek Theatre
Parados: Side entrance
Where and how were the dramas
performed?
…In an theatre
…With a chorus who
described most of the
action.
…With masks
…With all the fighting
and movement going
on off stage.
Chorus
• Uniform group of performers that make
comments and narrate the action.
• The chorus consisted of between 12 and 50
players
Danced, sang or spoke their lines in unison
• sometimes wore masks.
Masks of Greek Theater
Why?
The masks were worn for many reason
including:
1. Visibility
2. Acoustic Assistance
3. Few Actors, Many Roles
4. Characterization
Some general categories of masks
1. OLD MEN
Smooth-Faced, White, Grizzled, Black-Haired, Flaxen and
More Flaxen
2. YOUNG MEN
Common, Curled, More Curled, Graceful, Horrid, Pale
and Less Pale
3. SLAVES
Leathern, Peaked-Beard, Flat Nose
4. WOMEN
Freed Old Woman, Old Domestic, Middle Aged, Leathern,
Pale-Disheveled, Pale Middle Aged, Whorish-Disheveled,
Virgin, Girl
5. SPECIALIST MASKS
Some made for specific characters, others for: Mourning,
Blindness, Deceit, Drunkenness...etc. (The comic masks,
those especially of old comedy, were as like as possible to
true persons they represented, or made to appear more
ridiculous)
Masks
of Greek
Theater
Modern-day replicas
Hero-King
Comedy
(Servant or Herald )
Tragedy
(Weeping Chorus)
Major Greek Tragedians
Aeschylus
524 B.C.
The Orestia
Sophocles
496 B.C.
Antigone
Oedipus
Oedipus Rex
• Oedipus’ father,
lauis, hears a
prophecy that his
son will end his life
• He order his new
baby to be killed but
his wife Jocasta but
she gives the task to
a servant who gives
the baby to a family
of shepherds
Orestia
• A trilogy of tradgedy plays about the homecoming of Agamemnon,
King of Argos, from the Trojan War. Waiting at home for him is his wife,
Clytemnestra who has been planning his murder. She is looking for
revenge for the sacrifice of their daughter, Iphigenia, whom
Agamemnon killed when he left for the Trojan War in exchange for good
winds. Clytemnestra has entered into an adulterous relationship with
Aegisthus, Agamemnon's cousin who is determined to regain the
throne he believes should rightfully belong to him.
• After Agamemnon is killed, his son Orestes wants to avenge his murder.
Science: Archimedes
• Greek scientist
• Discovered how to
measure an irregular
object’s volume
• Archimedes Screw to
move water upwards
Medicine: Hippocrates
• Hippocrates was the
first person to believe
that diseases were
caused naturally, not
because of superstition
and gods.
• Though disease was
caused by
environmental factors,
diet, and living habits.
• Hippocratic Oath is
named after him
Historians: Herodotus
• First Historian
• History of the
Persian Wars
• Biased toward the
Greeks
• Wrote many years
later from secondhand sources
Historians: Thucydides
• Athenian general during
the war
• Wrote about the history of
the Peloponnesian War
• Strict standards of
evidence-gathering
• No reference to
intervention by the gods
• Tried to be unbiased
Hippocratic Oath
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
I swear by Apollo the physician, and Aesculapius the surgeon, likewise Hygeia and
Panacea, and call all the gods and goddesses to witness, that I will observe and keep
this underwritten oath, to the utmost of my power and judgment.
I will reverence my master who taught me the art. Equally with my parents, will I allow
him things necessary for his support, and will consider his sons as brothers. I will teach
them my art without reward or agreement; and I will impart all my acquirement,
instructions, and whatever I know, to my master's children, as to my own; and likewise
to all my pupils, who shall bind and tie themselves by a professional oath, but to none
else.
With regard to healing the sick, I will devise and order for them the best diet, according
to my judgment and means; and I will take care that they suffer no hurt or damage.
Nor shall any man's entreaty prevail upon me to administer poison to anyone; neither
will I counsel any man to do so. Moreover, I will get no sort of medicine to any pregnant
woman, with a view to destroy the child.
Further, I will comport myself and use my knowledge in a godly manner.
I will not cut for the stone, but will commit that affair entirely to the surgeons.
Whatsoever house I may enter, my visit shall be for the convenience and advantage of
the patient; and I will willingly refrain from doing any injury or wrong from falsehood, and
(in an especial manner) from acts of an amorous nature, whatever may be the rank of
those who it may be my duty to cure, whether mistress or servant, bond or free.
Whatever, in the course of my practice, I may see or hear (even when not invited),
whatever I may happen to obtain knowledge of, if it be not proper to repeat it, I will keep
sacred and secret within my own breast.
If I faithfully observe this oath, may I thrive and prosper in my fortune and profession,
and live in the estimation of posterity; or on breach thereof, may the reverse be my fate!
Math: Pythagoras
• Greek mathematician
• Pythagorean Theorem
• Group of followers who
were like a secret
society in which they
talked about math,
philosophy and religion
Math: Euclid
• Father of Geometry
• Wrote a book about geometry
called the “Elements”
– Rule 1: Given two points there is one
straight line that joins them.
– Rule 2: A straight line segment can be
prolonged indefinitely.
– Rule 3: A circle can be constructed
when a point for its centre and a
distance for its radius are given.
– Rule 4: All right angles are equal.
– Also contained a section about the
Golden Ratio