Download 牙龈病与牙周炎

Periodontal Disease
Gingiva
The gingiva consists of the
mucosal tissue that lies over the
mandible and maxilla inside the
mouth.
They surround the teeth and
alveolar bone and provide a seal
around them
The gingiva is divided anatomically into
marginal, attached and interdental areas.
attached gingiva
Marginal gingiva
Interdental
Gingiva (papilla)
cementum
The cementum is the surface layer
of the tooth root , with similar
hardness as bone.
Participate in the teeth stablization
and occlusal force distribution.
Periontal ligament
is a group of specialized
connective tissue fibers that
essentially attach a tooth to the
alveolar bone within which it sits.
These fibers help the tooth
withstand the naturally substantial
compressive forces which occur
during chewing and remain
embedded in the bone.
Alveolar bone
Also referred t as the alveolar process，
is the thickened ridge of bone that
contains the tooth sockets on bones that
bear teeth
The alveolar process contains a region
of compact bone adjacent to the
periodontal ligament called lamina durat.
It is this part which is attached to the
cementum of the roots by the
periodontal ligament.
health
gingivitis
Severe periodontitis
Moderate periodontitis
Gingival sulcus
depth< 3mm
normal gingiva
Normal alveolar
Dental plaque and calculus
Periodontal pocket depth> 3mm
Inflamed gingiva
Alveolar bone resorption
gingivitis

Gingivitis is inflammation of the gums and a
non-destructive peridontal disease.