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BIOLOGY
P553/1
(Theory paper 1)
April 2012
GHS.
S4 EOT ONE EXAMINATIONS
2 hours 30 minutes
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
Answer all questions in sections A and B, plus two questions in Section C.
Write the answers to section A in the spaces in table provided, answers to Section B in the space
provided, and answers to section C in the answer sheets provided.
For Examiner’s Use Only
Section
Marks
Examiner’s Remarks
A
B
C
Total
Answers to section A (30 marks)
1
6
11
16
21
26
2
7
12
17
22
27
3
8
13
18
23
28
4
9
14
19
24
29
5
10
15
20
25
30
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SECTION A
1. A normal skin man married an albino woman. They got children who all had normal skins. The
conclusion is that
A. The man’s blood was stronger than that of the woman
B. The gene for albinism was absent in all children
C. The mother had a miscarriage of those who would have been albinos
D. The gene for normal skin is dorminant over the gene for albino
2. Name the part of the eye that regulates entrance of light into the eye
A. Iris
B. Lens
C. Cornea
D. Retina
3. Which one of the following part of the eye is not involved in bending the light rays;
A. Cornea B. Retina
C. Lens
D. Vitreous humour
4. When does vasodilation in the skin occur?
A.
B.
C.
D.
When body temperature rises above normal.
When the atmospheric temperature is high.
When body temperatures declines below normal
When it is very cold.
5. Which part of ear is involved in balancing the body?
A. Cochlea
B. Semi -circular canals
C. Eustachian tube
D. Oval window
6. The region of the brain concerned with memory in humans is;
A. Mid brain B. Cerebellum C. Medulla oblongata D. Cerebral hemispheres
7. Which of the following is the correct sequence in which mitosis takes place
A. prophase
interphase
metaphase
telophase
anaphase
B. Interphase
C.
prophase
Interphase
D. prophase
metaphase
telophase
anaphase
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
interphase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
8. In pea plants, tallness is dominant over shortness. If a heterozygous tall plant is crossed, with a short
plant, the proportion of the offspring will be
A. 50%tall, 50%short
B. 25%tall, 75%short
C. 25%tall, 75%short
D. 75% tall, 25%short
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9. Which of the following occurs during inhalation in man?
A. ribcage moves down
B. volume of the thoracic cavity increases
C. ribcage moves downwards and upwards
D. air pressure in the lungs and thoracic cavity increases.
10. In insects the spiracles open into?
A. trachea
B. tracheoles
C. cells of the body
D. air sucks
11. Which of the following organisms have varried means of gaseous exchange?
A. amphibians
B. fish
C. birds
D.man
12. In which part of the kidney is loop of Henle of a nephron found?
A. Medulla
B. Cortex
C. Pyramid
D. Pelvis
13. What types of muscles are found within the tracheal system?
A. voluntary muscles
B. skeletal muscle
C. smooth muscle
D. cardiac muscle
14. In which of the following organisms does ventilation of gases not take place?
A. Plants
B. insects
C fish
D mammals
15. Which hormone is produced when blood sugar in the blood is below the normal level?
A. Insulin
B. ADH
C. secretion
D. glucagon
16. Name the process in which excess proteins are broken down in the liver?
A. ultra filtration
B. deamination C. condensation
D. hydrolysis
17. Which of the following is the best definition of excretion?
A. elimination of metabolic wastes from the body
B. Elimination of wastes from the body.
C. Removal of unwanted materials from the body.
D. removal of undigested material from the body.
18. Which of the following stimulus is not chemical in nature?
A. Smell of perfume.
B. Smell of roasted meat.
C. Touch.
D. Taste of sugar.
19. Name the part of the brain involved in homeostasis.
A. Thalamus
B. Hypothalamus
C. Pons
D. cerebrum
20. During accommodation of near objects in the eye the lens is
A. Thick.
B. thin.
C. blurred.
21. Name the substance that forms the exoskeleton of an insect.
A. Chitin
B. Lignin
C. Suberin
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D. clear.
D. Resin
22. What name is given to the breast bone?
A. Sternum B. Clavicle C. Scapula
D. Ribs
23. Name the bones that forms the knee joint in a human.
A. Femur and ulna-radius
B. Humerus and ulna-radius
C.Humerus and tibia-fibula
D .. Femur and tibia-fibula
24. What term is used to refer to the arrangement of soil horizons?
A. Soil texture.
B. Soil structure
C. Soil porosity.
D. Sol profile.
25. Which of the following could be a reason why some people generally do not have to apply oil on their
bodies?
A. Their skins contains sebaceous glands that secrete oil which covers the hair
B. Their skins contain sweat glands that secrete a lot of sweat which acts as oil
C. The horny layer is oily in nature
26. Which one of the following body activities occurs during cold weather?
A. Sweat production increases
B. Blood capillaries dilate.
C. Spasmodic contraction of muscles occurs.
D. More blood flows to the surface of the skin.
27. Which substance accumulates in the muscles during vigorous exercises?
A. Water
B. Lactic acid
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Oxygen
28. Which of the following hormones regulates the amount of water in the body?
A. Insulin
B. Glucagon C. Glycogen D. Antiduretic hormone
29. Plants can often be propagated from stems but rarely from roots because
A. stems have more vascular bundles than roots.
B. Stems often have buds which can easily sprout.
C. Stems are stronger than roots and can withstand adverse conditions.
D. Stems have thicker epidermis which prevents water loss.
30. Which substance does not contain nitrogen?
A.Glycerol B. Amino acid
C. Amylase
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D. Urea
SECTION B
29. The table below shows how the percentage of oxygen and carbondioxide inhaled and exhaled by an
athlete varies with speed. Use the information in the table to answer the questions that follow.
Speed (M/S)
Oxygen inhaled (%)
Oxygen exhaled (%)
Carbon dioxide inhaled (%)
0.0
21
16.9
0.03
1.0
21
16.0
0.03
1.5
21
15.1
0.03
2.0
21
14.2
0.03
2.5
21
13.3
0.03
3.0
21
12.4
0.03
Carbon dioxide exhaled (%)
4.1
5.0
5.9
6.8
7.7
8.6
(a) Using the same axes, plot graphs to show percentage of gases exhaled with varying speed (10 marks)
(b) Describe the trend of the graphs (3marks)
i)
Oxygen exhaled
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ii)
Carbon dioxide exhaled
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(c) Explain the trend of the graphs (5marks)
i)
Oxygen exhaled
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ii)
Carbon dioxide exhaled
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(d) Explain why the percentage of oxygen and carbondioxide inhaled is constant? (2marks)
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30. (a) define the term germination (1 mark)
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(b) Name two types of germination and define each (4 marks)
Type
Definition
(i)………………………… ………………………………………………………………………
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(ii)…………………....
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(c) What is meant by seed dormancy (1 mark)
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(d) State any two causes of seed dormancy (2 marks)
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31. a) Define the following terms applied in genetics with an example in each case ( 4marks)
i)
ii)
Phenotype…………………………………………………………………………
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Example…………………………………………………………………….
Genotype…………………………………………………………………………
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Example……………………………………………………………………
b) The gene for normal production of haemoglobin is dominated to the mutant gene which
causes sickle cell anaemia. If a female heterozygous for the sickle cell anaemia marries a Normal
man, illustrate, using suitable symbols, state the possible genotypes and phenotypes of the
offspring. (9 marks)
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Section C.
Attempt any two questions from this section
32. (a) what is meant by the term excretion (2 marks)
(b) Outline the process leading to urine formation in man (13 marks)
33. (a) Define the term homeostasis (2 marks)
(b) Discuss how the human body responds which each of the following went below the normal
level
(i) Blood sugar (3 marks)
(ii) Body temperature (10 marks)
34. (a) define the term osmosis (2 marks)
(b) Describe an experiment to show that osmosis takes place in a named living tissue (13 marks)
End
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