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Ecosystems: Vocabulary Name: ________________________ Date: ___________________ 1. Ecosystem: ALL the living and non-living things that exist and interact in an environment 2. Organism: a living thing that is made up of several parts that work together as a whole 3. Habitat: a place where an organism lives 4. Community: all the organisms living in a place 5. Migration: to move from one place to another 6. Biome: a large area on the Earth's surface with certain types of animals and plants living there. A biome can also be defined by the local climate patterns. Some types of biomes are: desert, tundra, rainforest, grassland, wetlands, forests, oceans. 7. Energy: the ability cause matter to change or move; light and heat are forms of energy 8. Nutrients: a nourishing substance, such as food, that is used by plants and animals for growth and energy 9. Scarce: lacking in quantity or number; not plentiful; food is scarce 10. Food Web: two or more food chains that overlap 11. Food Chain: the path of energy in an ecosystem as one living thing eats another 12. Producer: organisms that make their own food 13. Consumer: organisms that eat other living things to get energy Omnivore (eats plants and animals) Carnivore (eats other animals) Herbivore (eats only plants) 14. Decomposer: organisms that feed off of dead organisms and break down the remains of dead organisms 15. Species: group of organisms (plants or animals) that produce organisms of the same kind 16. Population: all the organisms of the same kind that live in an ecosystem 17. Pollution: anything that harms the environment 18. Overpopulation: the condition of having too many species living in a certain area 19. Extinction: bringing to an end; wiping out; no longer existing 20. Adaptation: a feature or trait that an organism is born with that increases its chances of survival in the environment 21. Protection: condition of being kept from harm; defense 22. Camouflage: a disguise or false appearance for the purpose of hiding or concealing 23. Hibernation: to go into a deep sleep during which an animal uses very little energy and usually does not need to eat (chipmunks, bears) 24. Predator: an animal that hunts other animals for food 25. Prey: an animal that is hunted for food by a predator