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Geometry Shapes and Formulas Triangle – 3 sided figure, the height MUST be from the top angle down to the base, at a right angle. Area = ½ b x h Perimeter: add up the length of all sides Rectangle – 4 sides, opposite sides are equal and parallel, 4 right angles. Area = b x h Perimeter: add up all sides, or P = 2(L + w) Square – similar to a rectangle, only all sides are the same length. Area = s x s or s2 Perimeter = 4s Parallelogram – 4 sides, opposite sides are equal and parallel, NO right angles. Height is a line from top to bottom that meets both at a right angle. Area = b x h Perimeter: add up all sides, or P = 2(L + w) Trapezoid – 4 sides, only one pair of parallel sides. Other two sides are not the same length. Area = ½ x h (b1 + b2) Perimeter = add up all of the sides Surface Area of Rectangular Prisms This is the sum of the areas of all six faces. Since the front and back are the same dimensions (and the same area), and so are the top and bottom, and also the two sides, use the following formula: S = 2lw + 2 lh + 2 wh Surface Area is measured in square units. Volume of Rectangular Prisms This is the amount of space occupied by the prism, or how many unit cubes would fit inside it. The formula is: V=lxwxh Volume is measured in cubic units.