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AP Biology
Guided Reading Chapter 24 + Inv. 24.2
(from Mrs. Miriello)
Name __________________________
1. Define the following terms:
a. Speciation
b. Anagenesis
c. Cladogenesis
2. What is the biological species concept?
3. What are the differences between prezygotic and postzygotic barriers to
reproduction?
4. Identify each of the following as prezygotic or postzygotic barriers and write a brief
definition of each:
a. Habitat isolation
b. Temporal isolation
c. Behavioral isolation
d. Mechanical isolation
e. Gametic isolation
f. Reduced hybrid viability
g. Reduced hybrid fertility
h. Hybrid breakdown
5. Detail these other definitions of species:
a. Morphological species concept
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b. Paleontological species concept
c. Ecological species concept
d. Phylogenetic species concept
6. What is the basis for allopatric speciation?
7. What does sympatric speciation mean?
8. What is the difference between autopolyploidy and allopolyploidy?
9. In what types of organisms are polyploidy speciation more common and why do
you think this occurs?
10. What is adaptive radiation and why do island chains tend to be discussed often
with this topic?
11. Compare and contrast the models of punctuated equilibrium to gradualism as
models for the rate of evolution. Does one have to exclude the other?
12. Define the following terms:
a. Heterochrony
b. Allometric growth
c. Paedomorphosis
d. Homeotic genes
13. What impact have the Hox genes had on vertebrates?
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14. How does the evolution of the horse exemplify the concept that evolution is driven
by the interactions of the organism and its environment?
15. Complete Investigation 24.2 “How do new species arise from genetic
isolation” - see link on webpage or use url below. Complete data data table
& answer questions 1-7 of activity using complete sentences.
(http://205.173.44.50/classes/science/campbell/bc_campbell_biology_7/medi
alib/interactivemedia/investigations/LPOS24/LPOS2401/index.html)
Investigation 24.2 – data table
Plant
Number of diploid
chromosomes per
cell
Number of
homologous pairs
of chromosomes
for meiosis
Number of
chromosomes for
gamete (pollen or
egg)
Chromosome
number for zygote
resulting from selffertilization
Plant W
Plant X
WX hybrid
Mitotic error
WX hybrid
Plant Q
QW hybrid
QX hybrid
1. Humans have 46 chromosomes in the diploid cell. How many chromosomes would be found in each gamete and
in a zygote resulting from normal fertilization?
2. Predict the outcomes of a plant with 6 diploid chromosomes that fertilized a similar plant in which the egg
failed to undergo meiosis. Assume that the plant producing the sperm undergoes meiosis normally.
3. Why are the tetraploid plants considered a new species by biologists?
4. Think of a commercial use for triploid plants incapable of producing viable gametes and zygotes.
5. Is plant Q capable of producing viable gametes? If so, what is the chromosome number of the gametes?
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6. What is the evidence that this allopolyploid is self-fertile and a new species?
7 . Would hybridizing plant Q with plants W or X produce fertile offspring?
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