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* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
CUSTOMER_CODE SMUDE DIVISION_CODE SMUDE EVENT_CODE APR2016 ASSESSMENT_CODE MIT101_APR2016 QUESTION_TYPE DESCRIPTIVE_QUESTION QUESTION_ID 8498 QUESTION_TEXT Briefly explain star topology. SCHEME OF EVALUATION A star topology is designed with each node connected directly to a central network nub or concentrator. Data on a star network passes through the nub or concentrator before continuing to its destination The nub or concentrator manages and controls all functions of the network. It also acts as a repeater for the data flow. This configuration is common with twisted pair cable.(2 Marks) Advantages:Easy to install and wire (1 mark) No disruptions to the network then connecting or removing devices. (1 mark) Easy to detect faults and then remove faulty parts. (1 mark) Has the advantage of minimum data traffic along the cables. (1 mark) Disadvantages:It requires more cable length than a linear topology (1 mark) If the nub or concentrator fails, nodes attached are disabled. (1 mark) Star topology is more expensive than linear bus topology because of the cost of concentrators. (1 mark) It requires an extremely powerful file server, plus additional cable. (1 mark) QUESTION_TYPE DESCRIPTIVE_QUESTION QUESTION_ID 72915 QUESTION_TEXT Briefly explain the Characteristics of the computer 1. SCHEME OF EVALUATION Speed The computer is a very high speed electronic device. Computer can perform millions of billions of operations on the data in one second. 2. Arithmetic and Logical Operations. In arithmetic operations, it performs the addition, subtraction, multiplication and division on the numeric data. In logical operation it compares the numerical data as well as alphabetical data. 3. Accuracy Computer is very accurate device. It gives accurate output result provided that the correct input data and the set of instructions are given to the computer. It means that output is totally depended on the given instructions and input data. 4. Reliability The modern computer can perform very complicated calculations without creating any problem and produce s reliable results. 5. Storage A computer has internal storage as well as external or secondary storage. In secondary storage, a large amount of data and programs can be stored for future use. 6. Retrieving data and programs The data and program stored on the storage media can be retrieved very quickly for further processing. 7. Automation A computer can be automatically performs operations without interfering the user during the operations. It controls automatically different devices attached with the computer. 8. Versatility Versatile means flexible. Modern computer can perform different kind of tasks one by one of simultaneously. 9. Communications Today the computer is mostly used to exchange messages or data through computer networks all over the world. 10. Diligence. A computer can continually work for hours without creating any errors. QUESTION_TYPE DESCRIPTIVE_QUESTION QUESTION_ID 119777 QUESTION_TEXT Explain different types of O. S. 1. Windows 2. Unix SCHEME OF EVALUATION 3. Linux 4. Mac OS 5. Solaris QUESTION_TYPE DESCRIPTIVE_QUESTION QUESTION_ID 168495 QUESTION_TEXT SCHEME OF EVALUATION Explain the Following 1. Random Access Memory (RAM) 2. Cache Memory Random Access Memory (RAM) Main memory of a computer system is used to store programs and data. RAM provides temporary read/write storage while hard disks offer semipermanent storage. All programs must be run through RAM before they can be used. The term random derives from the fact that the CPU can retrieve data from any individual location, or address, within RAM. RAM is volatile, which means that it requires a steady flow of electricity to maintain its contents. As soon as the power is turned off, whatever data was in RAM is lost. The volatile memory typically comprises random access memory (RAM) and is considered the main memory for the computer system. To enable quick access for processing, a typical modern computer has a main memory connected by a memory bus directly to the processor. Random access memory is much faster to read from and write to than the other kinds of storage devices in a computer such as the hard disk, floppy disk, and CD-ROM. In contrast to the relatively slow storage memory, the main memory is generally comprised of fast, expensive volatile random access memory (RAM) with access times generally less than 100 nanoseconds. Volatile random access memory (RAM) devices may be further divided into two categories, including static random access memory (SRAM) and dynamic random access memory (DRAM). Static random access memory (SRAM) consists of flip-flop latches, which each retain one bit of data for as long as power is maintained. In dynamic random access memory (DRAM), each memory cell is made up from one transistor and a capacitor. Cache Memory A cache memory and a main memory are used for a large scale integration circuit having a central processing unit. Memory caching is a widespread technique used to improve data access speed in computers and other digital systems. The speed at which processors can execute instructions has typically outpaced the speed at which memory systems can supply the instructions and data to the processors. Due to this discrepancy in the operating speeds of the processors and system memory, the system memory architecture plays a major role in determining the actual performance of the system. Most current memory hierarchies utilize cache memory in an attempt to minimize memory access latencies. A cache is a small, fast memory that acts as a buffer between a device that uses a large amount of memory and a large, slower main memory. The cache's purpose is to reduce average memory-access time. Caches are effective because of two properties of software programs: spatial and temporal locality. Cache memory is used to provide faster access to frequently used instructions and data, which helps improve the overall performance of the system