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Measuring the Performance of Packet size and Data rate for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks Chan-Ki Park Kuk-Hyun Cho Dept. of Computer Science Kwangwoon University Seoul, Korea Email: [email protected] Dept. of Computer Science Kwangwoon University Seoul, Korea Email: [email protected] Min-Woo Ryu Si-Ho Cha Embedded S/W Convergence Research Center KETI Gyeonggi-do, Korea Email: [email protected] Dept. of Multimedia Science Chungwoon University Incheon, Korea Email: [email protected] Abstract—Since 2004, Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) is core technology of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS), in which standardize the Wireless Access in Vehicle Environments (WAVE) based on IEEE 1609 and IEEE 802.11p. WAVE is a field of study to provide safety service and information to person such as driver and passenger. Recently, many researchers have been proposed resolution for high velocity and rapid topology change. However, it assume equal to packet size. Therefore, this assumption could not provide various services for VANETs due to limited data packet size. To do resolve this problem, in this paper, we analyzed transmission rate of differences data packet in VANETs environment and proposed future research about improving transmission method according to difference packet size. This assumption could not provide various services for VANETs due to limited data packet size. Therefore, in this paper, we analyzed transmission rate of differences data packet in VANETs environment and proposed future research about improving transmission method according to difference data packet size. The rest of this paper is organized as follows. In Section Ⅱ we describe background of WAVE. In Section Ⅲ we provide an analysis of the performance evaluation of transmission rate in differences data packet. Finally, we conclude this paper with remarks about future work in Section Ⅳ. II. BACKGROUND Keywords—Vehicular ad-hoc network, Packet size, Data rate, WAVE, V2V. I. INTRODUCTION Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks are special cases of mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) [1], in which provide both vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication and vehicle-toinfrastructure (V2I) communication. V2V can be used to provide information about traffic conditions and/or vehicle accidents based on wireless inter-vehicle communication. V2I can provide non-safety service via communication with backbone networks such as real-time information on road traffic conditions; basic Internet service, digital map and multimedia download [2]. VANETs have characteristics such as nodes are highly mobile, rapid topology change and highly dependence of neighbor nodes. Therefore, routing protocol of VANETs must be content with these characteristics [3-4]. Because of these characteristics, many researchers have been proposed channel assign algorithms such as dynamic channel assign according to node density and adaptive channel assign using V2I. However, existing proposed channel assign algorithms assume equal to data packet size. IEEE 802.11p is known as Wireless Access in Vehicular Environment (WAVE), in which is standardizing by IEEE 1609 working group and IEEE 802.11p working group from 2004 [5]. IEEE 802.11p was started for development of Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) usage and assign of bandwidth. After this work, IEEE 802.11p WAVE is developed new physical layer and medium access control (MAC) for VANET based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) [6-7]. In addition, defined MAC protocol in IEEE 1609.4 provide efficient quality of service (QoS) using multichannel operation via extension of approach of enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) [8-9]. To support efficient QoS, IEEE 1609.4 provide access category to decide of priority and difference transmission parameter according to priority. Management frame is defined WAVE announcement in IEEE 802.11p and it is transmitted in control channel (CCH). On the other hand, data frame is transmitted including WAVE short message (WSM) in CCH and service channel (SCH). However, IP data frame is transmitted in only SCH. 978-1-4799-0604-8/13/$31.00 ©2013 IEEE Sync interval is comprised CCH interval, SCH interval, and Guard Interval, in which use synchronization to monitoring to CCH and SCH. CCH interval and SCH interval is saved to management information base (MIB) as dot4CchInterval value and dot4SchInterval value. Before start each channel, when it change channels, MAC protocol protect to exchange information using guard interval. Physical layer is assigned 7 channels of 10MHz in 5.9 GHz DSRC frequency band for V2V and V2I. All of these channels, the 178 CH is used traffic safety for VANETs and rest of channels are used commercial service. III. SIMULATION RESULT In this section, we analyze transmission rate of differences data packet in VANETs using ns-2 simulator. We considered the received data number according to data packet size. Table 1 summarizes our simulation parameters. The simulations were performed for 13s, and the number of nodes was 2. The packet size was 1000byte and 5000 byte. The experiments were performed thrice and average values were used. Maximum and minimum values were excluded. TABLE Ⅰ. Simulation Parameter Parameter Value Number of Vehicles 2 Data Rate 1Mbps Packets UDP Traffic Type CBR Packet size 1000byte & 5000byte Packet Generation Vehicle Rate Transmission Range of Vehicle Propagation Model of Fig. 1. Received data number according to data packet size IV. CONCLUSION In this paper, we analyze transmission rate of difference data packet size in VANETs. At the results, there exists a difference in transmission efficiency. Therefore, when VANETs transmit a data to neighbor nodes, data packet size is very important factor for improving VANETs performance. Future research will develop channel assign algorithm using multi-channels and MAC protocol for improving transmission efficiency. REFERENCES [1] [2] 10Mbps 500 m Two Ray Model [3] Ground Reflection [4] VANETs synchronize position of vehicles using global positioning system (GPS) and use intersection approach which is consistently change both CCH and SCH at every 50ms. Therefore, there exists a difference in transmission efficiency between two cases: 1) in the case of being transmitted within 50 ms and 2) in the case of being transmitted over 50 ms due to different data packet size. Figure 1 show the received data number according to data packet size. In the case of 1000 byte, it is transmitted 243 data packet s per second, on the other hands in the case of 5000 bytes; it is transmitted 63 data packets. Therefore, in the case of 1000 byte, it has 52.6% efficiency, on the other hands in the case of 5000 bytes, it has 12.7% efficiency. According to the simulation results, we are known that data packet size is very important factor in VANETs. [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] S. Corson and J. Macker, “Mobile Ad Hoc Networking(MANET): Routing Protocol Performance Issues and Evaluation Considerations,” RFC editor, 1999. Y. Toor, P. Muhlethaler and A. Laouiti, “Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks: Applications and Related Technical Issues,” Commnications Surveys & Tutorials, IEEE, vol.10, no.3, pp.74-88, Third Quarter 2008. M.J. Booysen, S. Zeadally and G.-J. van Rooyen, “Survey of media access control protocols for vehicular ad hoc networks,” IET Commun., Vol.5, lss. 11, pp. 1619-1631 Harsh Trivedi, Prakash Veeraraghavan, Seng Loke, Hai Phuong Le and Jack Singh, “A Survey of Lower Layer Technologies for Vehicleto-Vehicle Communication,” Communications (MICC), 2009 IEEE 9th Malaysia International Conference on Communications., pp. 441446 IEEE 802.11 Task Group p : Wireless Access in Vehicle Environments (WAVE), http://www.ieee802.org/11 “Draft Amendment for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) ,” IEEE Std. P802.11p/D3.0 Jul. 2007. “IEEE Standard for Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specification,” IEEE Std. 802.11-2010. IEEE 1609.4 SWG: 1609.4-2010, “IEEE Standard for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE),” Multi-channel Operation. IEEE, 2010. Standards Committee, Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications: Amendment 8: Medium Access Control (MAC) Quality of Service Enhancement, IEEE Computer Society, 2005.