Download Fossils and Evolution Part II Guided Notes Relative dates give the

Fossils and Evolution Part II Guided Notes
 Relative dates give the time of an event with reference to another event that is not worldwide
in scale. They tell us simply that one thing is __________ or _____________ than another
 Chronometric dates place events in their chronological position with reference to a universal
___________ scale such as a _______________.
 Index Fossils When the bones of our _____________ancestors are found in the same geological
______________ as those of other animals that are known to have lived only during a specific
time period in the past, we assume that these ________________ must also have come from
that time.
 Fluorine Analysis When ___________, ______________, or _____________ are found at a site,
fluorine analysis can be used to tell us whether or not the animals they were from actually lived
at about the same time. This relative dating method is based on the fact that there are specific
progressive ______________ changes in skeletal remains that result from burial underground.
 Dendrochronology is one of the most reliable chronometric dating techniques is based on the
fact that annual _______________ rings on shallow ______________ trees vary in width with
the amount of water available each season and with temperature _______________ from
winter to summer.
 Geomagnetic Reversal Time Scale is based on major periodic changes in the Earth's magnetic
field. Datable materials include ____________ ___rock, fired _____________ pots, and other
forms of clay or rock that have been exposed to _____________ temperatures.
 Radioactive Decay Certain ________________ occurring elements are radioactive, and they
decay, or break down, at ______________ rates.
 Chemists measure the ___________________ of such elements, i.e., the time it takes for half of
the _________________ parent element to break down to the stable daughter element.
Sometimes, one isotope, or naturally occurring form, of an element decays into another, more
stable form of the same element.
 By comparing the _________________ of parent to daughter element in a rock sample, and
knowing the half-life, the age can be ____________________.
 Morphology is the ___________ of living organisms and the relationships between their
______________.
 Fossil is the _______________ (usually in sedimentary rock) of the presence of a plant or an
animal from an earlier ________________ period.
 Phylogenetic trees are used to relate the _______________ development and
________________ of a species or group of organisms.
 Evolutionary equilibrium is a theory in evolutionary biology which proposes that once species
appear in the fossil record they will become stable, showing ______________ evolutionary
change for most of their geological history. This state is called stasis.
 Evolutionary gradualism is a model of evolution which theorizes that most speciation is slow,
uniform and gradual. When evolution occurs in this mode, it is usually by the
______________transformation of a whole species into a new one
 Divergent speciation is the process by which a species ______________ into _________ or
more descendant or different forms; also, the process of tracing two or more species back to a
common ancestor.
 Phyletic speciation is the process of _______________ change in a _______________
population.
In a paragraph and in your own words, write the reason(s) you
think humans will or will not evolve further.