Download Evolution Test 3 Study Guide

Evolution Test Study Guide
Notes: Diversity and Change over Time, Evidence for Evolution, Evolution of
Populations and Speciation, Phylogenetic Trees and Classification Ppt
Questions
Earth’s History and Fossil Records
1. How is absolute age determined?
2. What is relative age?
3. What is the law of superposition?
4. What is a fossil?
5. What are gradualism and uniformitarianism?
6. What was Darwin’s job that inspired his interest in living things and his
concept of evolution?
7. How was Lamarck’s theory of evolution flawed?
10. What is the law of use and disuse?
11. What are acquired traits?
12. Define adaptation and natural selection.
13. What is meant by the phrase, “descent with modification?”
14. How is natural selection different from artificial selection?
15. What is “survival of the fittest?”
16. What is the driving force behind evolution?
Evidence for Evolution
17. What are embryology, anatomy, paleontology, and biochemistry?
18. How do evolutionary biologists believe the fields of biology above support
the theory of evolution?
19. What is a homologous structure? Give an example.
20. What is an analagous structure? Give an example.
21. What is a vestigial structure? Give an example.
Evolution of Populations and Speciation
22. Give a definition of evolution as it relates specifically to population.
23. What is mean when we say that a population is in Hardy-Weinberg
equilibrium?
24. What five things must occur (or not occur) in a population for evolution not
to occur according to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
27. What is an allele frequency?
28. What is genetic drift?
29. What is gene flow?
30. What are the benefits for an asexually reproducing population? ...a sexually
reproducing population?
31. Which type of reproduction is the basis for genetic variability?
32. The evolutionary theory holds that speciation begins with isolation. What
are three types of isolation that may lead to new species formation according
to the evolutionary theory?
33. Explain why isolation leads to speciation according to the evolutionary
theory.
34. What are two different concepts of determining species? Explain what
they are.
35. Evolutionary biologists believe the following patterns/examples of
macroevolution: adaptive radiation, divergent evolution, convergent evolution,
coevolution. Define each of these and cite examples.
36. What is the difference between gradualism and punctuated equilibrium?
37. Explain the difference between microevolution and macroevolution.
38. Explain the difference between gradual extinction and mass extinction.
Phylogenetic Trees and Classification
39. What is taxonomy?
40. What are a couple of benefits of classifying organisms?
41. What are taxa?
42. What was Carolus Linnaeus’s contribution to taxonomy?
43. What is the correct order of taxa from broadest to most narrow?
44. What is the species name for humans?
45. What are the three domains and six kingdoms?
46. What information is used to classify organisms? (remember that these
are similar to the scientific evidence for evolution)
47. What is a dichotomous key?
48. What is a phylogenetic tree and what do they display?