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Notes: Major Religions of the World in 1500 CE Hinduism Founder God(s) Holy Text(s) Sects Major Beliefs Location in 1500 CE Symbol(s) Buddhism Judaism Christianity Islam None Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) Abraham Jesus of Nazareth Muhammad Brahman (all gods are a form of him) None Yahweh God Allah Vedas and Upanishads None Torah Bible Qur’an None None 4 Noble Truths: Main ideas of religion Karma accumulated by following the 8-Fold Path can lead to nirvana (enlightenment) Catholicism Eastern Orthodox Jesus is the messiah (son of God) Life after death (Heaven or Hell) Sunni and Shi’a Monotheistic Karma accumulated in this life leads to reincarnation (rebirth) Ultimate goal: moksha India and Southeast Asia Orthodox and Reform Covenant with God 10 Commandments Europe and the Middle East Europe and the Middle East Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia Southeast Asia 5 Pillars (faith, fasting, alms, pilgrimage, prayer)