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LESSON 6 Schizophrenia – Characteristics A01 DISCUSSION CAROUSEL: SCHIZOPHRENIA What is schizophrenia? What are 3 symptoms you would associate with schizophrenia? What do you think causes schizophrenia? List as many reasons as you can. Do you think schizophrenia can be cured? If yes, suggest how. QUICK VIDEO ON SZ • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uxktavpRdzU • 1.36 to 5.45 only DISEASE VS SYNDROME Disease: • Set of core symptoms • With an established cause Syndrome: • Set of signs and symptoms , which appear to occur together and which probably have the same cause. SYMPTOMS VS FEATURES Features: • Types • Stats • Facts about the disorder Symptoms: * What the person presents to the doctor SYMPTOMS – KEY TERMS CARD SORT • In pairs: • Match key word with definition • Divide up into positive, negative and cognitive symptoms • Use the document on the Blog called ‘Schizophrenia’ to help you. * Read Page 291 and make notes on Prevalence, Onset and Prognosis. Positive Strength Weakness Negative • Less effected by cultural factors. • Can be a more objective measure (lack of energy) * Can be affected by cultural differences and therefore, should not be weighted as heavy. • Many prodromal features have been found present in adolescents and cannot be used as an only indicator of Schizophrenia. FEATURES • 1% of the population experience Schizophrenia. • The average life expectancy of someone with Schizophrenia is ten years less than average. • Adolescents with psychotic symptoms are more likely to commit suicide. • Tends to be diagnosed between adolescence and the age of 30. • Socially disadvantaged are more likely to be diagnosed with Schizophrenia. • Types of Schizophrenia: Paranoid, Disorganised, Catatonic, Residual, Schizoaffective disorder and Undifferentiated. 9 DSM 5: SCHIZOPHRENIA Using the DSM-5 document on the learning space – provide the characteristics for diagnosis (Criterion A) Time period: Characteristics 1-5: Affects about 1% of the population equally common among men and women 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder characterised by profound disruption in cognition and emotion CRITERION B-F • Apart from the symptoms - What else should be taken into account? • Why is this important? DIAGNOSING Blood testing: biomarkers, metabolism and hormones Eye Tracking: eye movement abnormality. • Case study - Martin • Discuss whether Martin would be diagnosed with schizophrenia • Provide reasons based on the DSM 5 criteria • Justify your decision • List the Positive and Negative Symptoms Martin is a 21 year-old business major at a large university. Over the past few months his family and friends have noticed increasingly bizarre behaviours. On many occasions they’ve overheard him whispering in an agitated voice, even though there is no one nearby. Lately, he has refused to answer or make calls on his cell phone, claiming that if he does it will activate a deadly chip that was implanted in his brain by evil aliens. He has accused his family on several occasions of conspiring with the aliens to have him killed so they can remove his brain and put it inside one of their own. Martin frequently breaks down in tears when he confronts his family of conspiring with the aliens to have him killed. He doesn’t understand why they want to hurt him. He has stopped attended classes altogether. He is now so far behind in his coursework that he will fail if something doesn’t change very soon. SPECIFICATION POINT • 5.1.3 For schizophrenia • Description of symptoms and features, including thought insertion, hallucinations, delusions, disordered thinking H/W • 20 minutes research on the dopamine hypothesis – biological explanation of schizophrenia • Brief notes to discuss what you understood in the next lesson