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UNDERSTANDING LUNG CANCER
How molecular profiles are changing the way we
look at the disease...and what it means for YOU
An estimated
224,210
new cases of lung cancer are expected to be
diagnosed in the U.S. in 20141
That’s enough to fill over
3
professional football stadiums*
*Based on average stadium capacity of 70,0002
LUNG CANCER CAN AFFECT
anyone
Most cases of lung cancer occur
in men and women ages 60-80
It’s estimated that
of new lung cancer cases:
52%
are male
48%
are female
1
≈10%
but up to 10% are
diagnosed in patients less
than 55 years of age4
3
Our understanding of lung cancer has evolved
considerably. Doctors used to think lung cancer
was one singular disease.5,6
Lung Cancer
Today, we know that isn’t true. Doctors
understand that there are two major types of lung
cancer, the most common being non-small cell
lung cancer (NSCLC). In NSCLC classified as
adenocarcinoma, researchers have now
identified more
KRAS
Unknown
than 15 genetic
EGFR
PTEN
FGFR1
DDR2
AKT1
mutations that cause cells to become
ALK
PIK3CA
MET
BRAF HER2
MEK1 NRASRETROS
cancerous – redefining the disease.7,8
In fact,
MORE THAN HALF
of adenocarcinoma cases have an
identifiable molecular driver
causing the cancer to grow.6,7,8
Now doctors may be able to test the molecular makeup of some
patients’ tumors in hopes of identifying the molecular profiles
driving them. Tumor tissue is tested from a biopsy or surgery. While there are
many factors to consider and molecular testing may not be appropriate for
everyone, knowing the molecular driver of the cancer can help guide
treatment decisions. Three professional organizations, CAP, IASLC and AMP,
have developed a guideline to establish recommendations supporting
standard molecular testing for the ALK and EGFR
biomarkers in advanced adenocarcinoma patients.9
biopsy
performed
doctor
assessment
lab
testing
doctor & patient discuss
treatment guidance
While treatments are not available for
every molecular driver,
new discoveries
KRAS
NRAS
DDR2
are continually being made to help
improve our understanding of
the disease.10-26
PIK3CA
MET
ROS
AKT1
ALK
HER2
RET
FGFR1
MEK1
PTRF/
cavin-1
MIF
EGFR
PTEN
BRAF
1981 1984
1996
2002 2004 2005 2007 2008 2010 2011 2012
In the past decade, the number of clinical trials exploring
treatments in different molecular profiles of lung
cancer has grown significantly.
In 2013, MORE
THAN
27
140 TRIALS examined the
role of molecular profiles
in lung cancer tumors.
So what does this mean for you?
4 Questions about molecular testing to
ask when diagnosed with lung cancer
1. What type of lung cancer do I have? Previously thought of as one
disease, doctors now understand that there are different types of lung cancer, which
can be driven by different molecular profiles. Molecular testing, which is usually
determined by testing tumor tissue samples can help doctors tailor treatment plans
for certain individuals based on the molecular makeup of their tumors. In fact, three
professional organizations joined together to publish an evidence-based guideline
recommending all advanced adenocarcinoma patients get tested for ALK and EGFR
biomarkers in order to help better diagnose and treat patients.
2. Can I get a molecular test to determine my tumor type?
Molecular testing is available via doctors’ offices and cancer centers of all sizes.
Talk to your doctor to see if it’s right for you.
3. Based on my tumor type, what treatments may be
appropriate for me? Some drugs have been developed to treat specific types
of lung cancer based on the tumor’s molecular profile. Some are approved by the
U.S. Food and Drug Administration, while others are being studied in clinical trials.
Both the presence and absence of specific molecular drivers may be taken into
consideration when determining an appropriate treatment plan, including
participation in a clinical trial.
4. When is the best time to test my tumor for genetic mutations?
Testing for clinically relevant biomarkers during treatment planning is important to
patients with metastatic NSCLC. According to the 2013 CAP-IASLC-AMP guideline,
doctors should order EGFR mutation and ALK rearrangement testing at the time of
adenocarcinoma diagnosis for patients who present with metastatic NSCLC,
regardless of their clinical history. However, your doctor may decide to order
molecular testing at any time during your treatment journey. If you have not been
tested, talk to your doctor to see if molecular testing may be right for you.
UNITED WE TEST QUEST
In the past few years, there has been an evolution in the
molecular understanding of non-small cell lung cancer.
United We Test Quest
is a national mapping project that
calls on lung cancer survivors,
their families, friends, advocates
and health care professionals to
amplify awareness around the
importance of molecular testing.
#UWTQ
Visit LungCancerProfiles.com
to place a pin on the
United We Test Quest map.
MO
MOLECULAR
TESTING
ASK YOUR DOCTOR ABOUT
R TESTING
MOLECULAR
T
MOLECULAR
TESTING.
CULAR TESTING MOLECU
If you or someone you know has lung cancer,
For more information, visit:
www.LungCancerProfiles.com
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