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The SGU One Health One Medicine Initiative The SGU One Health One Medicine Initiative St. George’s University is deeply committed to the health of communities and, in the framework of One Health One Medicine, it is uniquely situated to seek solutions that further global community health with the inclusion of a School of Medicine, a School of Veterinary Medicine, a Masters of Public Health Program, and a Regional Collaborating Center of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) all on a single campus. AN SGU ONE HEALTH ONE MEDICINE BEGINNING Massive Open Online Courses in One Health One Medicine eptember 2014 S One Health, One Medicine: A Global Health Approach J une 2016 One Health, One Medicine: An Ecosystem Approach ovember 2016 N One Health, One Medicine: A Sustainable Approach One Health One Medicine Scholarship $320,000 was awarded in scholarships in the 2017 academic year to 15 veterinary students to allow their enhanced training to lead to new awareness and advances in the totality of health for humans, animals, and the environment. One Health One Medicine Student Organizations at SGU One Health One Medicine Movement (OHOMM) Uniting students from the Schools of Medicine, Veterinary Medicine, Public Health, and Arts and Sciences and the Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine in one cohort, increasing interest, awareness, and education on the interconnected nature of the health of humans, animals, and the environment One Health One Medicine Clinics Several times per year, the American Medical Students Association and the Student Chapter of the American Veterinary Medical Association set up a tent and treat human patients with blood pressure and diabetes testing, eye exams, hearing exams, etc. and animals with deworming, blood and urine tests, grooming hints, etc. 2 Center for One Health, One Medicine Education, Conservation and Outreach (ECO) ECO’s mission is to facilitate environmental awareness through research and education. Public Health Students Association (PHSA) promotes aspects of public health and preventive medicine through education and various activities within the school and broader community. International Federation of Medical Students Associations (IFMSA) Medical students in Grenada join more than 1 million IFMSA medical students under the auspices of to the United Nations and the World Health Organization to seek out public health solutions for communities. International Veterinary Students Association (IVSA) Benefitting animals and people by harnessing the potential and dedication of veterinary students to promote the international application of veterinary skills, education and knowledge. Global One Health Explorers Club (GOHEC) Established to provide a forum for the SGU community to come together to share international experiences that embrace OHOM and capture the unique aspects of how humans, animals, and the environment are inextricably linked. SGU ONE HEALTH ONE MEDICINE INITIATIVE PARTNERS he Windward Island Research and T Education Foundation (WINDREF) he World Health Organziation (WHO) T Collaborating Center on Environmental and Occupational Health he Regional Collaborating Center (RCC) of T the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) St. George’s University 3 SGU ONE HEALTH ONE MEDICINE INITIATIVE ACADEMIC EXPERIENCES One Health One Medicine Caribbean Conference This was a three-day conference held at SGU in March 2014 with keynote speakers and workshops with academics involved with OHOM throughout the Caribbean region and the world. The keynote speakers were Donald D. Simeon, the Director of the Caribbean Health Research Council, and Dennis Trent, Professor of Microbiology and Immunology at the University Texas Medical Branch. School of Medicine Selective Courses ulture and the Practice of Medicine—designed for both human and veterinary C medical students to enable them to identify cultural beliefs and practices that impact disease in human and animal populations and the practice of human and veterinary medicine. Students incorporate cultural aspects and interdisciplinary approaches to health care problem solving. I nternational Health and Human Rights in Honduras—designed to give students a fuller comprehension of the global aspects surrounding health and human rights and to promote a better understanding of the broad determinants of individual and population health, which can be applied to issues in Honduras and regionally to other developed countries. A Practical Experience in Tropical Medicine in Kenya—provides a practical field-based introduction to tropical medicine in an East African cultural context. Time is spent in remote rural areas with the nomadic pastoral Masai people where One Health comes into sharp focus. The people live on the milk and blood from their livestock, which are heavily dependent on the environment. All aspects of medical and veterinary medicine, public health, and climate change can be debated in this fast disappearing and unique way of life. 4 Center for One Health, One Medicine SGU ONE HEALTH ONE MEDICINE INITIATIVE VISITING LECTURERS 1994 Sir Richard Doll, FRS, DM, MD The Prevention of Cancer 1995 Sir Walter Bodmer, PhD, FRS Cancer Genetics and the Human Genome Project 1996 Lord Walton of Detchant, MBBS, MD, DSc, MA (Oxon), FRCP The Dilemmas of Life and Death 1998 Anthony S. Fauci, MD AIDS: Considerations for the 21st Century 2000 Russ Zajtchuk, MD, FACS Humanitarian Assistance and Telehealth in Central America 2001 William H. Foege, MD, MPH Public Health in the 21st Century 2002 Lord Soulsby of Swaffham Prior, DVSM, DSc Veterinary Medicine—A Comparative Science 2006 Charles Weissmann, MD, PhD, FRS Of Mad Cows, Mice and Men 2007 Professor Ian McConnell, BVMS, FRSE One Medicine: A Continuum of Medicine, Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Science 2008 Fred M. Jacobs, MD, JD, FACP, FCCP, FCLM John J. Mitchell Jr., PhD Cultural Competency and Its Effect on the Delivery of Healthcare 2009 Professor Sir Ian Gilmore, MBBS, FRCP Professionalism and the Duties of the Medical Educator 2011 Baron Peter Piot, MD, PhD Emerging Infectious Diseases 2014 Robert Gallo, MD, PhD Challenges of Viruses 2015 Desirae LeBeaud, PhD Vector Borne Diseases 2016 Professor Ian McConnell, FRSE FMedSci One Health: Past, Present, and Future St. George’s University 5 SGU ONE HEALTH ONE MEDICINE INITIATIVE PUBLICATIONS A sample of published works: de Tyrell, MSc E School of Medicine Studies on the Socio-Economic Factors of Lymphatic Filariasis in Guyana evin G. Neill, MSc K School of Medicine The Public Health Importance of Dogs, Grand Anse, Grenada ian Doble, MSc L School of Veterinary Medicine Prioritization of production constraints within the Kampala urban and per urban pig production system—a baseline study. arah Scott, MSc S School of Veterinary Medicine Deterrent Methods used against Crop Raiding Elephants in Uganda, East Africa lla K. Cameron, MSc E School of Medicine Cystic Echinococcosis in Morocco: A Regional Comparative Analysis J ames M. Tsai, MSc School of Medicine Studies on Schistosoma mansoni in St. Lucia, West Indies ichard Kabuusu, PhD R School of Veterinary Medicine Epidemiological and diagnostic investigations into outbreaks of syncytial hepatitis associated with Orthomyxovirus-like viruses in tilapia 6 Center for One Health, One Medicine ONE HEALTH, ONE MEDICINE: A BRIEF OVERVIEW The World Health Organization reports that 61 percent of all human pathogens are zoonotic and have represented 75 percent of all emerging pathogens during the past decade. The interdependence of human, animals, and environment health requires a team-based, collaborative approach to solutions that stretch across multiple disciplines—the very foundation of the One Health One Medicine movement. One Health One Medicine (OHOM) has been advocated by the American Medical Association, American Veterinary Medical Association, Centers for Disease Control, and numerous other affiliated professional organizations. Bringing medical, veterinary, and public health professionals together to focus on the development of new science, medicine and technology, some of the key areas of OHOM interest include: Food Chain Safety Management of food handling to minimize food borne diseases like taeniasis, campylobacteriosis, and salmonellosis and studying chronic disease burdens from processed food (obesity, heart disease, cancers) and contamination exposures. Climate Change and Population Health Challenges Studying the impact of climate change in conjunction with the expansion of vector borne emerging or re-emerging diseases such as dengue, malaria, chikungunya, and zika in temperate regions. Planning for rising sea levels which will adversely affect major population centers in developed and developing countries and their current geographical existence. Migration of Populations Creating public health initiatives to handle the realities of increasing local and international movement of humans, animals and disease (SARS, influenza, zika)— inclusive of movement due to to wars and conflict, refugees, mass migration and Xenophobic/political issues. St. George’s University 7 Economic Disparity/Poverty Developing healthcare systems for the care for those living in poverty—and often disproportionately affected by zoonotic and non-communicable diseases, lack of access to health care, and higher disability adjusted life years. Financial downturns in global economies and managing decreasing financial resources while providing a standard quality of health care. Water Quality/Security Managing access to water as a result of conflicts between nations, construction of dams leading to increased disease transmission, diversion of water sources and desertification (former Aral Sea region, Lake Chad). Increased Virulence of Diseases Limiting antimicrobial resistance (drug use in animals) and selection for resistant Infections (eg MRSA) and stemming the spread of disease like influenzas and dengue Climate Change and Natural Disasters Management of public health issues related to natural disasters occurring as a result of climate change—from severe weather systems such as floods, droughts, unpredictable rainfall and seasonal temperatures, snow and hailstorms, hurricanes, tornadoes, monsoons, typhoons and cyclones. These events can lead to mass migration, food and water and insecurity, increased vector breeding sites and increasing co-circulation of vector-borne diseases. Pressure on the Food Chain Safeguarding wildlife habitats against deforestation, management of limited environmental resources, depletion of wildlife and marine populations/ ecosystem damage Survivability of Species Focusing on the global survivability of animals/plants—limiting the loss of biodiversity, food, resources, and environmental services for humans. Zoonotic Disease Management of zoonotic diseases due to changing animal populations and increasing human exposure to companion animal populations worldwide as well as infectious diseases crossing into human populations from wildlife species Public Health and Policy Working to bridge the policy and practice gap which requires for a human health and environment consideration from agriculture to entrepreneurship to finance to housing to innovation to research to technology. 8 Center for One Health, One Medicine ONE HEALTH ONE MEDICINE SYMPOSIUM One Health One Medicine (OHOM) is the convergence of human, animal, and ecosystem health. All animal species including man are interrelated—veterinary or medical knowledge gained in one species benefits the others. This symposium assembled a network of physicians, public health professionals, veterinarians, and researchers to focus on One Health One Medicine and the impact it is having on the health of populations around the world. Keynote Speakers R. GUY PALMER, DVM, PHD D Regents Professor of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, The Jan and Jack Creighton Endowed Chair & Senior Director of Global Health, Director of the Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University Washington, United States FITZROY HENRY, PHD College of Health Sciences, University of Technology Jamaica, West Indies ARAH CLEAVELAND, BVSC, PHD, FRS S Professor of Comparative Epidemiology, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow University Scotland, United Kingdom CHULATHIDA CHOMCHAI, MD Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Mahidol University International College Bangkok, Thailand UMMON CHOMCHAI, MD S Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University Bangkok, Thailand St. George’s University University Centre, Grenada, West Indies c/o University Support Services, LLC The North American Correspondent 3500 Sunrise Highway, Building 300 Great River, NY 11739 USA US/Canada Toll-Free: 1 (800) 899-6337 UK Freephone: 0800 1699061 Worldwide: +1 (631) 665-8500 Fax: +1 (631) 665-5590 Website: sgu.edu/ohom © St. George’s University 2017 06/2017/16-179