Download Rome and Han China 753 BCE-600 CE

Rome and Han China
753 B.C.E.-600 C.E
Eliza, Keyasa, Ashley and Jordan
Roman and Han Empires
 The Roman Empire
 These were the
included all lands
largest Empires the
surrounding.
world had ever.
 Mediterranean Sea as  Still centralized
well as portions of
location better than
Continental Europe
earlier empires.
and Middle East.
 Neither empire
 The Han Empire
influenced each other.
included the Pacific
Ocean to Central
Asia.
Roman Empire Land and Resources
 Hills and Mountains
 Apennine Range runs length
like spine separating western
and western coastal plains
 Etruria was rich in iron and
other metals
 Hills provided timber and fuel
 Coastal plains and river valleys
had fertile volcanic soil and
sustained a much larger
population than was possible
in Greece.
 Tiber River
Roman Empire Social Economic
 Land was a basis of
wealth, social status and
political privileges.
 Women were under
jurisdiction of men. First
under their father, then
her husband and his
family.
 Plebians: hardworking
class (majority of population).
 The merging of several
hilltop communities to
later become Roman
Forum. (Civic center 600 B.C.E.).
Roman Forum then
Roman Forum now
Roman Empire Interaction
 Traded on the
Silk Road with
the Chinese
 Depended on
Egypt and Sicily
for grains
 Prisoners of war
were slaves
 Economy
depended on
trade and slave
labor
Roman Empire Politics
Council of Elders: head of wealthy families
made up senatorial class
Roman Senate: officials elected annually
by free males
Patron/Client Relationship
Tribunes: elected by the lower class; had
veto power in patricians (elite, wealthy, landowners)
decisions
Fall of Roman Republic
 The Fall of the Republic was more than a single man or
event.
 It was a culmination of several individual actions or
achievements, coupled with social conditions that
weighed heavily on Roman society.
 Massive and rapid expansion from Rome's foundation
created monumental holes in the political and governing
ability of the Senate.
 Periods of stability were mixed in with those of near
collapse.
 Beginning with the Punic Wars and Roman conquest
outside of Italy, followed by massive importation of
slaves, the face of Roman life was changing far more
rapidly than the governing body could deal with.
The Roman Principate
31 B.C.E. to 330 C.E.
 Period after the fall of
Roman Republic
 Founded by Augustus
 Augustus: 23 September
63 BC – 19 August AD
14) is considered the first
emperor of the Roman
Empire, which he ruled
alone from 27 BC until his
death in 14 AD
The Roman Principate Social Economic
 Equites: class of wellto-do merchants and
land owners that
become the new core
of the Roman Empire
 Pax Romana, or
Roman Peace, was
intended for the
spreading of
Romanization
(spread of Latin
language and Roman
way of life)
The Roman Principate
Politics
 Rise of Christianity



Emperors were chosen by
the senate
Technology



Aqueducts
Architecture
Concrete
Jesus
Although his message was proving popular, the
claim of his disciples that Jesus was the son of God
offended many people. What’s more, his ideas were
revolutionary and threatened to undermine
thousands of years of social tradition.
Religion

Worshipped emperors rather
than gods
Third Century Crisis


Political and economic
problems with the empire
Diocletian imposed radical
changes that helped Roman
get out of the crisis.
Aqueduct
The Byzantine Empire
 Christian patriarch
(Constantine and his mother
studded the city with churches)
 In 324 B.C.E. Constantine
transferred the capital from
Rome to Byzantium, which
was renamed Constantinople.
 The name Byzantine was
derived from Constantinople’s
original name.
The Byzantine Empire: Split Empire
 The Byzantine Empire was the
name of the eastern portion of
the Roman Empire
 Strategic geographical
significance between the Black
Sea and The Mediterranean
Sea
 Most of the trade was done
between Asia, Europe and
North Africa, passed through
the empire which made it
wealthy.
 Diocletian split the Empire into
two, creating Eastern and
Western
 He believed the republic was
too large to govern, so it was
put under different rulers
 Western was Catholic and
Eastern was Eastern Orthodox
 The split persevered Roman
and Greek cultures and also
helped interact with the rest of
the world
 Justinian ruled the Byzantine
Empire
The Byzantine Empire: Collapse
 The Empire collapsed
because of the invasion
of the Ottomans
 Following a number of
civil disputes in the
Byzantine Empire, the
Ottomans subjugated the
Byzantines as vassals in
attempts to relieve this
vassal status culminated
in the Fall of
Constantinople.
Imperial China: The Qin Empire
221 B.C.E.-206 B.C.E.
 In the second half of
the third century, the
Qin conquered its
rivals and created
China’s first empire.
 The Qin were one of
the warring states in
China
 Well known for the
Terracotta Army
The Qin Empire
 Shi Huangdi was the founder
of the Qin Empire
 The Qin were a warring state
that conquered its rivals and
became China’s first Empire
 Ruled in a Legalist way and
were determined to eliminate
rival centers or authority
 Financial exploitation
demanded forced labor
 When Shi Huangdi died, a
series of rebellions broke out,
but the dynasty was finally
brought down
 Abolished slavery
Shi Huangdi
The Qin Empire
 Built thousands of
miles of roads and
canals
 Imposed standard
weight, measure,
money, uniform law,
and a common written
language
Qin Shi Huang
The Han Empire
206 B.C.E. to 220 B.C.E.
 Chang’an was
China’s first capital
city
 It was an ancient
power from which the
Zhou and Qin
dynasties emerged
from-Western Han
Capital
The Han Empire
 Gentry: educated men with valued expertise who
served as local officials and made the
governement more efficient
 The father was the authority figure in the
household
 Common people lived in alleys
 The Elite had multistory houses, fine silks, horse
drawn carriages and leisure time
The Han Empire
 Politics
 Technology


 Military expansion
 Elegant banquets and entertainment



Mandate of Heaven
Emperor was the link between family and
ancestors and had many wives
Central government run by prime ministers
Civil service director
Nine ministers taking on military, legal,
economic and religious responsibilities
 Religion


Emperor had divinity
Rituals emphasizing the worship of Heaven
 Environment


Ring of hills
Fertile plain
 Interaction
 Silk was a major export