* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Section 8.2
Survey
Document related concepts
Electrical engineering wikipedia , lookup
Nanofluidic circuitry wikipedia , lookup
Operational amplifier wikipedia , lookup
Valve RF amplifier wikipedia , lookup
Negative resistance wikipedia , lookup
Index of electronics articles wikipedia , lookup
Power electronics wikipedia , lookup
Power MOSFET wikipedia , lookup
Current source wikipedia , lookup
Switched-mode power supply wikipedia , lookup
Resistive opto-isolator wikipedia , lookup
Surge protector wikipedia , lookup
Opto-isolator wikipedia , lookup
Rectiverter wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Electricity, Sound and Light Chapter Eight: Electricity and Magnetism • 8.1 Electricity • 8.2 Electrical Circuits and Electrical Power • 8.3 Properties of Magnets 8.2 Electric Circuits and Electrical Power • An electric circuit is a complete path through which electric current travels. • A good example of a circuit is the one found in an electric toaster. 8.2 Current in a circuit • Current only flows when there is a complete and unbroken path, or a closed circuit. • Flipping a switch to the “off” position creates an open circuit by making a break in the wire. 8.2 Current in a circuit • The amount of electric current flowing into any part of a circuit must be the same as the amount flowing back out. 8.2 Electrical power • Electrical power is measured in watts, just like mechanical power. • A 100-watt electric light bulb uses 100 joules of energy every second. 8.2 Electrical Power • To calculate power in an electric circuit you multiply the voltage and current together. What is the power in this circuit? 8.2 Resistance • Resistance (R) controls how much current flows for a given voltage. • When resistance is low, current flows easily. 8.2 Resistance This light bulb has a resistance of 1 ohm. • Electrical resistance is measured in ohms. • If a circuit has a resistance of 1 ohm, then a voltage of 1 volt causes a current of 1 amp to flow. 8.2 Ohm’s law • The current in a circuit depends on voltage and resistance. • Ohm’s law relates current, voltage, and resistance with one formula. 8.2 Ohm’s law • Voltage and current are directly related. • Doubling the voltage doubles the current. • Resistance and current are inversely related. • Doubling the resistance cuts the current in half. • If you know two of the three quantities, you can use Ohm’s law to find the third.