Download 081126-IRRAD-WG-hadron-facilities

Discussions since August WG meeting (M.Moll / L.Linssen)
 Ruediger Schmidt (18.9), followed by discussion between
Ruediger Schmidt and Gijs de Rijk
 Yacine Kadi (19.9.)
 Jan Troska (25.9)
 Francesca Nessi-Tedaldi & David Luckey (7.10)
 Mats Lindroos (9.10)
 Edda & Ilias (10.10) … mainly discussion on GIF some
discussions about potential mixed field facility
 …. more communications : A.Ryazanov, F.Anghinolfi, ….
 Together with feedback achieved with Questionnaire:
Impossible to build a hadron facility fulfilling all requests
M.Moll 28 November 2008
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Summary discussions R. Schmidt, G. de Rijk
 R. Schmidt => machine protection => mostly HiRadMat
 1017 protons lost on collimators in 20 years
 Massive integrated doses can be available at BNL (~20 GeV)
and Kurtchatov (~10 MeV)
 Gijs de Rijk => understand evolution of magnet/quench
behaviour following successive (small) beam losses. Want to
generate beam losses in short SC magnet models (cold!)
 Gijs and Ruediger decided together that these tests could be
done in HiRadMat
 Our conclusion:
 450 GeV needed for fast extractions (HiRadMat)
 For electronics tests and other tests: can use the low-energy
PS facility, or otherwise at SPS
M.Moll 28 November 2008
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Summary discussions Y. Kadi and M. Lindroos
 Eurisol high-power targets (liquid and solid)
 Want to test (different) materials and envelopes
 Have manpower for flux calculations

 Preferred energy 2 GeV (mid-SPL extraction)
 Need 1013 protons/cm2s
 Pulsed beam is preferred (Baseline design 50 Hz, 1 ms)

 Are now using PSI proton line, being decommissioned.
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 European Spallation Source ESS (possibly at Lund)
 Would need a test facility. Could ESS invest in a facility at CERN?
 Not interested in HiRadMat, due to shock waves in liquid
M.Moll 28 November 2008
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Summary discussions Y. Kadi and M. Lindroos
 ISOLDE has an irradiation facility.
 1013 protons each 1.2 sec at 1.4 GeV, pulse duration 200 ns, typically
5 mm size
 Contact: Richard Catherall

 Collaboration on target handling and robots would be possible.

 We shall make recommendations for a facility at SPL
M.Moll 28 November 2008
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Summary discussions D. Luckey and F. Nessi
 Particle spectra in ECAL CMS
 Charged hadrons (mainly pions) enter: peak at 1 GeV
 Photons: peak at 1 MeV

 Made a large effort to translate the 24 GeV proton-induced
spectrum to the actual spectra in CMS. (Fluka calculations and PSI
measurements involved).

 450 GeV would again needs complex translation. Moreover the
position of the particles in the ECAL xtals would not be the same.
Not desirable.

 More difficult to disentangle mixed field than to disentangle protoninduced spectrum.

M.Moll 28 November 2008
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Summary discussions D. Luckey and F. Nessi
 They also perform gamma-irradiations with Cobalt. Are not too
happy with 137Cs for GIF++.

 Pions at PSI: rate is lower than at CERN. Finally could get what
they needed at PSI., though availability is difficult. Transport/safety
is a problem.
 They need fast measurements (soon after irradiation) to see
recovery process.
M.Moll 28 November 2008
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Summary discussions J. Troska
 Discussion Jan Troska essentially very compatible with the
questionnaire filled out by him (#34 proton).
 Looking for ~60 MeV proton beam and ~300 MeV pion
beam; these energies are not available at CERN
 For SEU testing need 10**8 p/(cm2*s)
 Otherwise fluence 10**16 protons in 1-2 weeks
 Has been using PSI and Louvain
 Stable beam conditions important to study annealing
M.Moll 28 November 2008
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Survey: Need for Hadron Facilities ?
 Questionnaires feedback on hadron irradiation facilities discussed several
times in this working group since April 2008
 A lot of time & work spent on this:
Time to summarize the performed survey in a document
 First draft placed on WG indico page … take a look:
Evaluation of survey,
so far no recommendations included
… should try to get to
recommendations on behalf of this
working group!
M.Moll 28 November 2008
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Survey on need for Hadron Facilities
M.Moll 28 November 2008
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Proton Facility – A personal view
 HiRadMat will come to live covering most of the requests for a proton
irradiation facility issued by colleagues working on accelerators
My conclusion: Request for ‘fast extraction & high proton energy’
experiments are covered by HiRadMat facility.
 Experiments: Strong demand for proton irradiations with energy
somewhere in range of hundred MeV to some GeV.
Essential testing tool for SLHC project! Facility is needed!




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24 GeV/c protons strongly preferred over 450 GeV/c protons (even very strong
objections against 450 GeV/c proton irradiation facility for some experiments)
Solution according to present requirements: Build or extend high intensity proton
irradiation facility somewhere in accelerator complex where energy is between some
hundred MeV and some tens of GeV.
East Hall? In view of future accelerator complex upgrades and condition maybe not the
best location to invest in new infrastructure? What are the plans for the East Hall in the
near future (next 10 years)?
Compromise?: Keep East Hall proton facility operational as long as possible and
try with minimum investment to provide test facility for SLHC components testing.
Work on question about what can be done to increase beam time/intensity and space?
Foresee a very high intensity proton irradiation facility in new accelerator complex
(Somewhere between Linac4, SPL and PS2)!
 Maybe we can survive with what we have ??
M.Moll 28 November 2008
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Mixed field Facility – A personal view
 Requested by all communities: “Accelerator”, “Experiment” and
“Radiation monitoring” (definition see survey document)
 Presently no irradiation facility of this kind available at CERN. There is
no time to wait for implementation of such facility in an upgraded
accelerator complex. Facility is needed now.
(CNGS irradiation test facility is a temporary installation).
 Requires proton beam energies higher than some ten GeV on target
 Placement of facility driven by finding a proper location (mixed field
intensity, cost of construction, access, shielding, long term operability)
 Could be incompatible with requirements for proton irradiation facility!
 A new facility is needed!
M.Moll 28 November 2008
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Next steps – A personal view
 Write specification documents on proton and mixed field facilities:
 Protons: Will need high intensity 200 to 2500 MeV proton beam. (e.g.: 2x10 16
p/cm2 over some 5 cm2 to be reached in two weeks)
 Neutrons: Will need high intensity mixed particle field with large irradiation
volume. (e.g. some 2x1015 n/cm2 over some 10 cm2 to be reached in two weeks)
 Submit document to AB and let them decide on the locations?
What might be the outcome?
 Protons: Keep present proton facility running in East Hall, optimize
with reasonable efforts and plan for a new proton irradiation
facility in upgraded accelerator complex.
 Neutrons: Find underground area that fulfills shielding, space and
access requirements and can be provided with sufficient proton
intensities to reach above given particle fluences.
M.Moll 28 November 2008
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Next steps – Short term - A personal view
 Agree on a memorandum issued by this working group
stating the main (preliminary) recommendations:
 HiRadMat is absolutely needed, but fulfilling only a part of
requests asking for proton irradiation facilities
 Potential solution to cover proton irradiation requests not
covered by HiRadMat: Keep present proton facility in East
Hall operational and optimize/improve with reasonable
efforts.
 Plan for a new proton irradiation facility in upgraded
accelerator complex (Linac4, SPL and PS2).
 Neutrons: Find underground area that fulfills shielding, space
and access requirements and can be provided with sufficient
proton intensities to fulfill requirements on particle fluences.
M.Moll 28 November 2008
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