Download Instrumental Exam, Interventional Urology

Instrumental Exam, Interventional
Urology
Instrumental Examination
• Exploartion of urethra with a catheter or other
instruments is a valuable diagnostic measure.
• Passage may be blocked by a stricture or
tumor
• Spasm – makes passage difficult
• Residual urine is common in bladder neck
obstruction, cystocoele, neurogenic bladder.
• Residual urine is absent with urethral stricture
Cystoscopy
Cystoscopy is a procedure that uses a flexible
fiber optic scope inserted through the urethra
into the urinary bladder. The physician fills the
bladder with water and inspects the interior of
the bladder.
The image seen through the cystoscope may
also be viewed on a color monitor and
recorded on videotape for later evaluation.
Interventional Uroradiology
• In the presence of a true obstruction:
A. Whitaker test
– Percutaneous insertion of a canula into the renal
pelvis with perfusion of contrast at a rate of 10
ml/minute and simultaneous recording of pressure in
the renal pelvis and bladder to identify the presence
of obstruction in doubtful cases.
– In children, the examination is performed under
general anaesthetic and instead of a canula two fine
needles are inserted The infusion of contrast allows a
simultaneous antegrade pyelography
B. Isotope Renagam