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Study Guide 6th Grade Mid-term Review Parts of an experiment: Independent variable – What is _____________ by the person doing the experiment. Can only change one ______________ at a time. Dependent variable – what is _________________ in an experiment. Control – the standard for __________________ in an experiment. Constants – the factors that remain the ________________ in an experiment. What is an experiment? A set of ____________________ ________________________ Steps of a scientific method: 1. A ____________ or question 2. Hypothesis 3. Design an _____________ 3. Conduct an experiment 4. ____________ results 5. Draw ______________ 6. Share _____________ Scientists don’t always follow the __________ steps in the scientific method. A hypothesis can be ________________ or not-supported by the _______ in an experiment. A hypothesis is never “right” or “wrong”, you always _______ something! Why do we replicate or repeat an experiment? To __________ chance of _________ When you do an experiment, you must be able to _____________ results for it to be a reliable experiment. Observations can be ______________ in more than one way…there are many _____________ for the same observation. A fact is information that can be __________ . An ____________ is a belief or a judgement Boiling point ____________ based on the liquid. The boiling point for water is always 100 degrees _____________ Why are models important? So we can ___________difficult concepts Examples of models: _________ _________, comet A __________ is an explanation of observations or events based on knowledge gained from many observations and investigations. A _______ is a rule that describes a pattern in nature. Which can change, a theory or law and why? A __________ can change with new information. ________ is the smallest unit of life. A group of cells working together make a ___________. A group of tissues working together make an ____________. A group of organs working together make an ____________ . _____________. A group of organ systems make an ___________________ ____________ is the process of cell division Cellular Respiration is a series of ______________reactions that convert food energy into useable energy _______ Two stages of cellular ______________: 1st stage is ______________ which takes place in the ________________ and produces small amounts of __________ (usable energy). The second stage takes place in the ____________________and requires oxygen and makes _____________ amounts of ATP (useable energy). __________________is a series of chemical reactions that convert __________energy, water and carbon dioxide into ________ and gives off oxygen. Functions of organelles: Mitochondria provide _______________ for the cell. Ribosomes provide ____________ for the cell. _____________ store water and waste in the cell. Nucleus is the _____________ center for the cell. Chloroplasts use ______________ from the sun. Body Systems: The ___________________ system aids the circulatory system in ________________nutrients. The respiratory system moves ______________ through the blood. The respiratory system takes in oxygen and gives off _________________. The _______________ system breaks down food. The endocrine and _____________ systems work together to produce _______________ In the ___________, the cells differentiate (change) to become different types of ________. A _______ needs a host to replicate or _____________. A virus transfers _______ information. __________can be good or bad for your body. Bacteria in _________and yogurt are good bacteria and aid (help) in digestion. Food left unrefrigerated or undercooked are examples of ________ bacteria and can make you _________ Bacteria are _____________________ and some examples are Cyanobacteria, Escherichia coli (a.k.a. E. coli), Bacillus anthracis causes _____________ Most organisms (plants and animals) are ____________________ with specialized _________ _____________ of life include: Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya Homeostasis is an organism’s __________to maintain steady ____________ conditions when outside conditions ____________ Cells must maintain homeostasis to ____________ Cell processes operate as needed. Order of Classification: Did King Phillip come over for good soup? Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species To determine if animals belong to the same species, you need to examine __________material. Scientific name or ______________ ________________is made up of the genus and species.