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WE KNOW! Why is the left side of the heart thicker than the right side? ($100) A: The left side holds more waste B: The left side is filled with oxygen C: The left side pumps blood throughout the entire body. D: The left side has larger veins What is the function of the pulmonary veins? ($200) A: Transfer blood from the heart to the lungs B: Transfer blood from the lungs to the heart C: Transfer blood from the heart to the body D: Transfer blood from the body to the heart What are atriums used for and how can they be described? ($500) A: Little caves with tiny holes in them to move blood through the heart C: Muscle mass in the heart used to pump blood through the body B: Folded cave like chambers used to store oxygenated blood D: It is muscle build up that forms a fall to separate the two sides of the heart Muscular chambers used for pumping are called ____ ($1000) A: Septum B: Atrium C: Ventricle D: Septum valves Blood cells that fight disease are called ______. ($2000) A: Red Blood Cells C: Plasma B: White Blood Cells D:Platelets Which veins collect oxygen-poor and carbon dioxide-rich blood from throughout the body? A: Pulmonary veins B:Coronary veins C: Aorta D: Vena Cavae What is the function and structure of Platelets? A: Tiny veins through the body that carry blood to the heart C: Small fibers found in the blood of mammals that function in the clotting of blood. B: Tiny fibers in the heart used to hold the heart together. D: Wall that separates the two sides of the heart What are the capillaries and their function? A:Thin walled blood vessels. C:Tiny, one cell thick blood vessels that exchange gases, wastes and nutrients with cells and tissues B:Thick walled blood vessels that carry pressurized blood D: Muscle tissues used to pump blood. These blood cells are biconcave shaped cells which carry oxygen with the help of a protein called hemoglobin? A: Plasma C: White blood cells B: Platelets D: Red Blood Cells What are arteries and arterioles and is their function? A: elastic, thick walled blood vessels that carry pressurized oxygenated blood away from the heart B: thin-walled blood vessels with valves that carry low pressurized deoxygenated blood to the heart C: tiny once cell thick D: muscle blood vessels that exchange gases, wastes and nutrients with cells and tissues. The pathway of blood around the body is: A: Vena Cava B: Vena Cava Right atrium Right atrium Right Ventricles Pulmonary Veins Pulmonary Veins Left Atrium Lungs Left Ventricle Left Atrium Lungs Left Ventricle Aorta Aorta Body Body D: Vena Cava Right atrium C: Vena Cava Pulmonary Veins Right atrium Left Atrium Pulmonary Veins Left Ventricle Lungs Lungs Left Atrium Aorta Aorta Body Body What is the bicuspid valve and its function? A: The valve between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart, consisting of two triangular flaps of tissue, that prevents the blood from flowing back into the atrium. C: The valve between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart B: The valve between the right atrium and right ventricle of the heart, consisting of two triangular flaps of tissue, that prevents the blood from flowing back into the atrium. D: A valve What is the aorta and its function? A: The largest artery in the body and through its many branches directs oxygen-rich blood to the entire body. C: Large artery that collects oxygen-poor and carbon rich blood B: The largest vein in the body and through its many branches directs oxygen-rich blood to the entire body. D: Fibers in the heart These thin-walled blood vessels with valves that carry low pressurized deoxygenated blood to the heart are called… A: Veins B: Capillaries C: Arteries D: Platelets This artery carries oxygen-poor blood to the lungs A: Pulmonary Artery C: Tricuspid Artery B: Bicuspid Artery D: Capillaries The Egyptians believed this… A: the heart was center of emotion, wisdom and personality and determined the fate of their afterlife C: the heart was like a machine/furnace B: the heart sucked blood from the veins; blood made in the liver sloshed back and forth inside the heart D: the heart circulated blood The pacemaker controls what part of the heart? And how? A: contractions of the heart through electrical signals from the pacemaker cause the heart muscles to contract in a coordinated manner C: contractions of the heart through electrical signals from the pacemaker cause the veins to contract in a coordinated manner B: contractions of the heart through electrical signals from the pacemaker cause the arteries to contract in a coordinated manner D: contractions of the heart through brain signals from the pacemaker cause the arteries to contract in a coordinated manner The plasma is…and is used for… A: The clear, yellowish fluid portion of blood, lymph, or intramuscular fluid in which cells are suspended. C: Muscles in the blood used to pump blood B: The clear, yellowish fluid portion of blood D: cells in the heart used to transfer blood Systolic blood pressure is…and the normal value for teenagers is… A: Aorta Pressure during ventricular contractions (average during rest=120mmHg) C: Aorta Pressure as the heart rests and refills. (average during rest=40mmHg B: Aorta Pressure during ventricular contractions (average during rest=100mmHg) D: Aorta Pressure as the heart rests and refills. (average during rest=80mmHg Diastolic blood pressure is…and the normal value for teenagers is… A: Aorta Pressure during ventricular contractions (average during rest=120mmHg) C: Aorta Pressure as the heart rests and refills. (average during rest=40mmHg B: Aorta Pressure during ventricular contractions (average during rest=100mmHg) D: Aorta Pressure as the heart rests and refills. (average during rest=80mmHg The center of a red blood cell is called the… A: Hemoglobin C: Plasma B: nucleus D: platlete Blood pressure is measured in this order… A: 1) Put the cuff on the upper arm B: 1) Put the cuff on the upper arm 2) Pump the cuff up to 180mm of mercury 2) Pump the cuff up to 130mm of mercury 3) Release the valve and listen for thumping or needle movement 3) Release the valve and listen for thumping or needle movement 4) Listen until the thumping stops and take the measurement 4) Listen until the thumping stops and take the measurement C: 1) Put the cuff on the upper arm 2) Pump the cuff up to 140mm of mercury 3) Release the valve and listen for thumping or needle movement 4) Listen until the thumping stops and take the measurement D: 1) Put the cuff on the upper arm 2) Pump the cuff up to 100mm of mercury 3) Release the valve and listen for thumping or needle movement 4) Listen until the thumping stops and take the measurement Low blood pressure is … A: 20 mmHg over average C: 45mmHg under average B: 15mmHg over average D: 20mmHg under average High blood pressure is … A: 20 mmHg over average C: 45mmHg under average B: 15mmHg over average D: 20mmHg under average Blood pressure can change through… A: Caffeine, lack of exercise, age, diet C: Age, diet, fear B: Running, exercising, resting D: All of the above Arteriosclerosis is... A: Hardening of the arteries due to fatty deposits. C: Loss of brain function caused by the interruption in blood flow B: A disease where the blood flow is restricted in the coronary arteries. D: a birth defect where the wall between the left and right side of the heart fails to close causing oxygenated and deoxygenated blood to mix A stroke is... A: Hardening of the arteries due to fatty deposits. C: Loss of brain function caused by the interruption in blood flow B: A disease where the blood flow is restricted in the coronary arteries. D: a birth defect where the wall between the left and right side of the heart fails to close causing oxygenated and deoxygenated blood to mix A heart attack is... A: Hardening of the arteries due to fatty deposits. C: Loss of brain function caused by the interruption in blood flow B: A disease where the blood flow is restricted in the coronary arteries. D: when the plaque cracks, it can rupture platelets, which cause the blood to clot. The clot stops the flow of blood causing part of the heart to die. Valves and heart surgery… There are four valves in your heart: – – – – • • • • • • • Aortic valve Mitral valve Tricuspid valve Pulmonary valve The valves control the direction of blood flow through your heart. The opening and closing of the heart valves produce the sound of the heartbeat. Heart valve surgery is open-heart surgery that is done while you are under general anesthesia. A cut is made through the breast bone (sternum). Your blood is routed away from your heart to a heart-lung bypass machine. This machine keeps the blood circulating while your heart is being operated on. Valves may be repaired or replaced. Replacement heart valves are either natural (biologic) or artificial (mechanical): Natural valves are from human donors (cadavers). Modified natural valves come from animal donors. (Porcine valves are from pigs, bovine are from cows.) These are placed in synthetic rings. Artificial valves are made of metal. If you receive an artificial valve, you may need to take lifelong medication to prevent blood clots. Natural valves rarely require lifelong medication.