Download TO---August-10-2012 Study Review # (I) Dr.Jaballa M.Hasan

Houston Community College Systems
Central Campus
Speech 1311
Fundamental of Speech
8:00AM---TO---10:00AM
M.T.W.Th.F
Summer (II) 2012
July-9-2012---TO---August-10-2012
Study Review # (I)
Dr.Jaballa M.Hasan
1
Houston Community College Systems
Central Campus
Speech 1311
Fundamental of Speech
8:00AM---TO---10:00AM
M.T.W.Th.F
Summer (II) 2012
July-9-2012---TO---August-10-2012
Study Review # (I)
Multiple Choices
1) Which of the following principles helps provide a foundation for understanding
communication?
A) Communication is moral.
B) Communication is natural.
C) Communication is systemic.
D) Communication is linear.
E) Communication is based on language.
Page: 15
2) According to the text, the essential components of communication are
A) symbols, understanding, purpose, ideas, opinions, nonverbal, and reaction.
B) radio, television, Internet, symbols, and gender.
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C) source, message, interference, channel, receiver, feedback, environment, and context.
D) source, destination, interaction, and correlation.
E) symbols, understanding, communication, and communicant.
Page 19
3) The principles of effective composition and speech delivery were first studied by
A) social scientists after the conclusion of WWII.
B) religious leaders during the European "Middle Ages."
C) the rhetoricians of ancient Greece and Rome.
D) media theorists after the advent of radio and mediated political debates.
E) followers of Buddha, who advised his disciples to avoid "harsh speech."
Page 5
4) The classical rhetorician who noted that communication needed to be presented by "a
good man speaking well" was
A) Caesar.
B) Aristotle.
C) Quintillian.
D) Corax.
E) Plato.
Page 10
5) Aristotle, a classical Greek rhetorician, argued that communication was most effective
when a speaker’s character, or ________, was engaged in presenting truth.
A Telos (purpose)
B) Ethos (ethical appeal)
C) Pathos (emotional appeal)
D Logos (logical appeal)
E) Kairos (effective timing)
Pages 9-10
6) "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts" is a quotation that best illustrates the
principle that communication is
A) overt.
B) intentional.
C) a process.
D) systemic.
E) transactional.
Page 15
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7) The Internet has made it much easier for people to access all types of information.
Unfortunately, this has led to a greater tendency for some people to
A) conduct research in libraries.
B) use ethical communication.
C) plagiarize.
D) enhance their credibility using verifiable sources.
E) build ethos.
Page 9
8) Feedback is an essential component of the communication process because
A) it helps to explain the importance of effective communication.
B) it eliminates noise during the communication interaction.
C) the accuracy of communication can decrease as a result of feedback.
D) it is what encodes the message.
E) it serves as a corrective device.
Page 23
9) Effective communication skills
A) Are inherited from your parents.
B) Are learned over time through instruction and practice.
C) Are mainly important for those who have jobs in the media.
D) Will guarantee that the communicator's goals are morally correct.
E) Are best learned through classroom instruction.
Page 29
10) Which of the following statements about culture and communication is most accurate?
A) Some cultures need to improve the way they communicate.
B) Due to technology, we no longer need to be concerned about improving the understanding of
people from different cultures.
C) Culture illustrates the linear nature of communication.
D) Culture rarely becomes an element of communication.
E) The way in which people communicate is primarily a function of culture.
Pages 10-11
11) Radio, television, telephone, and the World Wide Web are all examples of
A) mediated communication.
B) intrapersonal communication.
C) public communication.
D) performance studies.
E) group communication.
Page 26
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12) Kristen had a disagreement with Paul and told him that he was an idiot. Later, while
apologizing, Kristen asked Paul to "forget that little comment." Kristen does not
realize
that
A) oral communication is irreversible.
B) we have a natural ability to communicate.
C) quantity means quality.
D) meaning is in the words we use.
E) communication is a cure-all.
Page 29
13) Thinking of communication as a "cure-all" is a myth because
A) communication is used unethically most of the time.
B) sometimes communication can create more problems than it solves.
C) communication is irreversible.
D) the act of communicating does carries some guarantees.
E) communication is a panacea.
Page 28
14) During his telephone interview with IBM, Aaron answers a series of questions from
Angela, a supervisor in the marketing department. What type of communication
best
describes their conversation?
A) intrapersonal communication
B) performance studies
C) mediated communication
D) public speaking
E) group communication
Page 26
15) "Communication is a personal event" describes what type of communication?
A) intrapersonal
B) telepathy
C) interpersonal
D) relational
E) integrative
Page 25
16) According to the text, interpersonal communication must involve
A) intrapersonal communication.
B) a clear goal.
C) mediation.
D) dyadic communication.
E) face-to-face communication.
Page 25
5
17) When we maintain our views even when the evidence suggests that our views are not
correct, we are demonstrating
A) selective set.
B) perceptual set.
C) limited closure.
D) selective exposure.
E) selective attention.
Pages: 44-46
18) I perceive that Billy likes Christy because I always see Billy making an effort to sit next
to Christy in class. The organizational function of perception governing my conclusion is
A) selectivity.
B) figure and ground.
C) romanticism.
D) proximity.
E) similarity.
Page: 41
19) According to the text, what is at the heart of all communication?
A) behaviors
B) emotion
C) culture
D) genetics
E) perception
Page: 34
20) The process of perceiving combines
A) selecting, de-constructing, and interpreting information.
B) selecting, understanding, and creating information.
C) understanding, selecting, and organizing information.
D) selecting, organizing, and interpreting information.
E) organizing, interpreting, and creating information.
Pages: 38-44
21) When we assess the number of mental structures a person uses, how abstract they are,
and how they interact to shape that person's perceptions, we're assessing a person's level
of
A) awareness.
B) cognitive complexity.
C) selective exposure.
D) perceptual congruence.
E) communication competence.
Pages 36-37
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22) The grouping of stimuli that resemble one another in size, color, shape, or other
characteristics is called
A) Figure.
B) similarity.
C) proximity.
D) closure.
E) ground.
Page: 42
23) Tina dislikes a lot of television programming and therefore does not watch TV. Tina is
engaged in selective
A) attention.
B) organization.
C) editing.
D) exposure.
E) retention.
Page: 39
24) Our interpretations of different stimuli are based on
A) past experiences and the opinions of others.
B) what our family thinks is best in a given situation.
C) hypothetical scenarios.
D) individual perceptions.
E) a certain set of cultural rules that we all share.
Page: 42
25) According to the text, stereotyping
A) is based on truth and legitimate premises.
B) is always negative.
C) is always positive.
D) oversimplifies and exaggerates human traits and qualities.
E) is unnecessary in the information age.
Pages: 44-46
26) Many communication scholars believe that the greatest single problem with human
communication is the assumption that our perceptions
A) are unnecessary.
B) lead to cultural misunderstandings.
C) can help us make efficient decisions.
D) are based on solely on past experiences.
E) are always correct.
Page: 46
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27) Which of the following behaviors would be most helpful in improving your perception
competence?
A) Take the roles of perceptions at face value.
B) Go with your first perception because getting more information and changing it will be less
accurate.
C) Be willing to question the accuracy of your perceptions.
D) Trust your inferences as correct.
E) Limit the amount of information you take in so you can organize it better.
Pages: 54-57
28) Which of the following would be most effective at helping you improve your
communication competence?
A) Avoid the tendency to assume too much about what we perceive.
B) Remember that perceptions based on physical attributes are most accurate.
C) Remember that our view is generally the most accurate.
D) Remember that most people we encounter will have very similar perceptions to our own.
E) Limit the amount of information you take in.
Page: 55
29) Which of the following statements about ethnocentrism is most accurate?
A) Ethnocentric people are simply expressing pride in their heritage.
B) Ethnocentrism is a useful tool for improving our ability to perceive.
C) Ethnocentrism involves assuming that our view of our own culture is superior to any other
culture's view.
D) Ethnocentrism is generally unrelated to perception.
E) Ethnocentric people generally have more accurate perceptions than people who are not
ethnocentric.
Page: 51
30) The grouping of two or more things that are close to one another in space is known as
A) similarity.
B) figure-and-ground organization.
C) proximity.
D) ethnocentrism.
E) closure.
Pages: 41-42
31) The sorting of one stimulus from another is known as
A) organization.
B) feedback.
C) selection.
D) interpretation.
E) perceptual organization.
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Pages: 39
32) To improve your communication competency, the book suggests that you
A) recognize that culture does not affect perception.
B) be a passive perceiver.
C) recognize that people, objects and situations remain stable over time.
D) recognize that gender does not affect perception.
E) recognize that each person's frame of reference is unique.
Page: 55
33) If you introduce yourself as a mother, part-time student, or cashier at a local grocery
store, you are giving some indication of your
A) self-image.
B) self-character.
C) self-esteem.
D) self-awareness.
E) self-consciousness.
Page: 63
34) Our self-concept is determined by
A) our experiences and communication with others.
B) the roles and values our teachers have selected for us.
C) our genetic predispositions toward communication.
D) the media.
E) how others believe we see them.
Pages: 65-66
35) Self-esteem is defined as
A) being absorbed in oneself.
B) being successful wholly by one’s own efforts.
C) our feelings and attitudes about ourselves.
D) a positive self-concept.
E) a state of not feeling the need for assistance.
Page: 63:
36) Joshua gets up to give his business presentation and begins to sweat profusely. As he
delivers his speech, his hands tremble and his voice begins to quiver. Joshua's reactions to
giving his presentation reflect symptoms of
A) computer anxiety.
B) communication apprehension.
C) a dysfunctional self-concept.
D) poor impression management.
E) low self-esteem.
Pages: 70-71
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37) Michelle is very caught up in material objects. She develops her own self-concept
primarily by figuring out "what she has" and "what she doesn't have." This focus on
materialism is an example of a(n)
A) belief.
B) value.
C) influence.
D) attitude.
E) perception.
Pages: 66-67
38) Beth continues to tell herself "I'm going to pass this exam . . . I'm going to pass this
exam" as she prepares for her final exam in mathematics. Her expectations that eventually
led to her passing her mathematics exam illustrate a(n)
A) self-fulfilling prophecy.
B) impression management technique.
C) negative attribution.
D) communication apprehension.
E) positive self-concept.
Pages: 72-73
39) Research about gender and self-concept has found that
A) men express their emotions more than women.
B) men talk more about relationships than women.
C) women and men both try to achieve the upper hand in conversations.
D) women talk more than men about their relationships.
E) women are expected to be assertive in their careers.
Pages: 76-79
40) According to the text, self-concepts are often affected by
A) our past experiences and our understanding of the media.
B) our interactions with others and our past experiences.
C) how much money we make and the kind of car we drive.
D) the expectations others have of us and our genetic makeup.
E) our genetic makeup and our understanding of the media.
Page: 63
41) Self-enhancement (efforts to boost your own image) and other-enhancement (efforts to
boost a target person's image) are forms of
A) self-fulfilling prophecy.
B) impression management.
C) communication masking.
D) perception management.
E) rhetorical markers.
Page: 73
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42) When you use impression management to try and boost the image of a target person,
you are engaging in
A) self-enhancement.
B) self-promotion.
C) other-enhancement.
D) issues management.
E) other-promotion.
Page: 73
43) According to research on gender expectations by Deborah Tannen, male
communication styles are best characterized as
A) a contest to preserve independence and avoid failure.
B) a chance to build community.
C) a struggle to avoid isolation.
D) a change for consensus to be reached.
E) an opportunity for confirmation and support.
Page: 78
44) Regarding your understanding of "face work," which of the following tactics would be
the most useful?
A) apathy
B) gossip
C) verbal aggression
D) criticism
E) flattery
Page: 74
45) Brent has convinced himself that he is poor at math. When he registers for his required
math class, he is convinced that he will earn a poor grade. As a result, he rarely studies,
and receives a "D" in the class. This example most clearly demonstrates
A) self-esteem.
B) values.
C) beliefs.
D) self-fulfilling prophecy.
E) communication apprehension.
Pages: 72-73
46) Impression management strategies designed to boost your own self-image are referred
to as
A) principal enhancement.
B) self-enhancement.
C) self-concept elevation.
D) self-determination.
E) other-enhancement.
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Page: 73
47) Which of the following most accurately reflects the percentage of individuals who
experience some form of communication apprehension?
A) 95 percent
B) 65 percent
C) 50 percent
D) 80 percent
E) 35 percent
Page: 70
48) A culture with an individualistic orientation would tend to stress
A) deliberation.
B) family.
C) negative self-descriptions.
D) appearance.
E) achievement.
Pages: 74-75
49) Using names illustrates that language is a powerful tool because
A) It requires little thinking, just listening.
B) It uses signs instead of symbols.
C) It is a female-dominated power.
D) It deals strictly with nonverbal communication.
E) It defines who we are.
Page: 85
50) Any given language has its own rules, such as the way to pronounce words and
grammatical rules. This shows that language is
A) regulating.
B) productive.
C) the same as speech.
D) a system of symbols.
E) linear.
Page 87
51) The study of the meaning, or the association of words with ideas, feelings, and context is
known as
A) genetic predispositions.
B) natural signs.
C) semantics.
D) physiological responses.
E) random noise.
Page: 88
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52) If a government official describes an impending tax hike as a "positive economic
inducement," she is most likely using
A) polarization.
B) metaphors.
C) analogies.
D) indexing.
E) doublespeak.
Pages: 94-95
53) A car salesperson using the term flea to identify a person looking for a bargain, and
prisoners using the term shank to refer to a knife are examples of
A) denotative meanings.
B) jargon.
C) bypassing.
D) polarization.
E) slang.
Page: 94
54) Which of the following terms best describes the situation that occurs when what is
meant by a speaker is different from what is heard and understood by the listener?
A) semantic confusion
B) polarization
C) bypassing
D) jargon
E) indiscrimination
Pages: 95-97
55) Words whose meanings cannot be understood by ordinary usage are referred to as
A) semantics.
B) analogies.
C) metaphors.
D) fables.
E) idioms.
Page: 88
56) Asking a friend, "Do you think my painting is beautiful or ugly?" most clearly
illustrates
A) indexing.
B) polarization.
C) stereotyping.
D) a metaphor.
E) bypassing.
Page: 99
57) An inoffensive or mild expression given in place of one that might offend is called a(n)
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A) euphemism.
B) denotation.
C) connotation.
D) concrete word.
E) abstract word.
Page: 94
58) The fact that there are 87 different definitions for the word house illustrates that
A) words change over time.
B) language is a natural activity, rather than a learned process.
C) words remain fairly consistent across different cultures.
D) not all words are symbolic.
E) language has very little to do with semantics.
Page: 96
59) The study of meaning or the association of words with ideas is called
A) phonetics.
B) tautology.
C) phenomenology.
D) grammar.
E) semantics.
Page: 88
60) The theory that people from different language communities perceive the world
differently is called
A) low-context culture.
B) Sapir-Whorf hypothesis.
C) linguistic relativity.
D) linguistic determinism.
E) high-context culture.
Pages: 102-103
61) To say that nonverbal communication is ambiguous is to say that
A) it is difficult to misinterpret nonverbal behaviors.
B) nonverbal behavior is less believable than verbal communication.
C) we cannot assume that nonverbal behaviors have only one meaning.
D) very little attention is needed when interpreting nonverbal messages.
E) nonverbal behaviors include a learned "grammar" for using them.
Page: 117
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62) When Zantel is sad and doesn't want others to know what emotions she is feeling, she
will assume a "poker face." Zantel’s use of a "poker face" is a facial management
technique referred to as what?
A) intensifying
B) deception
C) intensifying
D) masking
E) neutralizing
Page: 125
63) Communication research indicates that in most situations
A) we spend less of our time communicating nonverbally than verbally.
B) verbal messages are more contextual in nature than nonverbal messages.
C) our verbal messages carry more meaning than our nonverbal messages.
D) our nonverbal messages carry more meaning than our verbal messages.
E) verbal behaviors are more ambiguous than nonverbal behaviors.
Pages: 114-115
64) Interpreting nonverbal behavior requires understanding
A) the family relationships of the person we are communicating with.
B) the intent of the source.
C) the cultural norms governing it.
D) the grammatical syntax behind the behavior.
E) that verbal behavior carries most of the meaning in a message.
Pages: 116-117
65) The notion that our direct eye contact with a friend may differ in meaning compared to
direct eye contact with a stranger illustrates which characteristic of nonverbal
communication?
A) Nonverbal communication is the primary means of expression.
B) Nonverbal communication is dependent on context.
C) Nonverbal communication is more believable than verbal communication.
D) Nonverbal communication is less believable than verbal communication.
E) Nonverbal communication is constantly occurring.
Page: 114
66) The replacing of one expression of an emotion with another that is considered more
appropriate for the situation is referred to as
A) an illustrator.
B) masking.
C) a facial highlighting technique.
D) intensifying.
E) a display rule.
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Page: 125
67) According to Edward T. Hall, which of the following spaces is NOT included in the
study of proxemics?
A) public space
B) social space
C) intimate space
D) personal space
E) individual space
Page: 130;
68) Of the nonverbal behaviors discussed in your textbook, which is considered the most
important source of emotional information?
A) facial expressions
B) movement
C) paralanguage
D) gestures
E) olfactics
Pages: 124-125
69) Nonverbal communications, such as ________, add emphasis to the meaning of a word.
A) sign language, written words, and tone of voice
B) tone of voice, volume, and facial expression
C) facial expression, written words, and sign language
D) posture, gestures, and sign language
E) tone of voice, facial expression, and sign language
Page: 112
70) According to Brownell's HURIER model of effective listening, the accurate reception of
sounds involves
A) a relaxed approach.
B) lumping sounds together into larger categories.
C) paying more attention to external noise than to internal noise.
D) paying more attention to internal noise than to feedback.
E) focusing attention on the speaker.
Page: 146
71) Researchers suggest that listening is most closely linked with which of the following
activities?
A) talking
B) genetic malfunctions
C) singing
D) comprehension
E) inductive logic
Pages: 146-147
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72) Listening and hearing are different because
A) listening is perceptive, while hearing is selective.
B) hearing is active, while listening is passive.
C) listening involves reception, while hearing involves perception.
D) hearing is learned, while listening is natural.
E) listening is active, while hearing is passive.
Page: 146
73) When you listen to rock music because you enjoy it, you are doing which of the
following functions of listening?
A) information or comprehension
B) appreciation or enjoyment
C) empathy or therapy
D) functional comprehension
E) discrimination or evaluation
Page: 152
74) When listening to a lecture in class, you are most likely listening for
A) appreciation or enjoyment.
B) empathy or therapy.
C) functionality or effectiveness.
D) discrimination or evaluation.
E) information or comprehension.
Page: 151
75) When you are having a bad day and call to tell your best friend about it, you are
probably expecting your friend to use which function of listening?
A) critical
B) informative
C) explicit
D) empathic
E) appreciative
Pages: 151-152
76) One barrier to listening is perceiving the topic or speaker to be boring, uninteresting,
or unimportant. What should we do to overcome this barrier?
A) Don't waste time by listening.
B) Immediately form an opinion on the subject.
C) Consider how the information might be used.
D) Consider ways of getting out of the situation.
E) "Block out" the speaker.
Pages: 152-153
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77) When a car manufacturer says "this is the best station wagon in the world" without
giving any proof, the most appropriate thing you would do as a listener is
A) assess the motivation behind the message.
B) listen to details and not to the main ideas.
C) stop taking notes.
D) fake attention.
E) criticize the speaker.
Pages: 156-157
78) Kevin has just lost his grandfather. As he shares his feelings of regret with his best
friend Dan, Dan shows Kevin that he is aware of his feelings of loss and that he appreciates
the hurt that Kevin must be going through. Which function of listening
is Dan
engaged in?
A) listening to evaluate
B) listening with empathy
C) listening to obtain information
D) listening for enjoyment
E) listening for sympathy
Pages: 151-152
79) According to your textbook, how much of his or her time does the average college
student spend listening?
A) 15-25 percent
B) 46-55 percent
C) 35-45 percent
D) 26-35 percent
E) 56-65 percent
Page: 144
80) While listening to the presidential debates, Jody assessed the accuracy of each
candidate's position and determined the reasonableness of their conclusions. In other
words, Jody was engaged in
A) listening to obtain information.
B) sympathetic listening.
C) empathetic listening.
D) listening for enjoyment.
E) evaluative listening.
Page: 151
81) The passive reception of sounds is called
A) evaluating.
B) selecting.
C) hearing.
D) understanding.
E) listening.
Page: 146
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82) When your teacher listens to your speeches, he or she is primarily listening for the
purpose of
A) evaluation.
B) empathy.
C) information.
D) enjoyment.
E) persuasion.
Page: 151
83) When engaging in critical listening, the primary skill you need to have is
A) attention.
B) motivation.
C) hearing.
D) critical thinking.
E) feedback.
Pages: 155-156
84) When you actively make judgments about whether or not the message you are hearing
is worthwhile, you are
A) assessing the accuracy of the speaker's conclusions.
B) engaging in unethical listening behavior.
C) engaging in a barrier to effective listening.
D) engaging in critical listening.
E) engaging in the feedback process.
Page: 155
True/False
1) Communications refers to the process by which we create and share meanings.
O True
O False
Page 5;
2) Communication includes both intentional and unintentional messages.
O True
O False
Page 18;
3) Communication is a natural ability.
O True
O False
Page 29;
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4) An interview is a type of interpersonal communication.
O True
O False
Page 25;
5) New forms of communication technology have increased the challenges associated with
both presenting and receiving communication.
O True
O False
Page 12
6) Communication occurs when two people have internalized identical meanings for the
same words.
O True
O False
Page 35
7) The more cognitively complex we are, the more sophisticated our level of perception
O True
O False
Pages 36-37
8) In the perception process, selection must always occur first.
O True
O False
Pages 38-39;
9) Ethnocentrism is “we-oriented,” whereas cultural relativism is “me-oriented.”
O True
O False
Page 51
10) Being ethnocentric will help you improve the accuracy of your perceptions.
O True
O False
Page 51;
11) Concentrating on information you want to attend (focus on) to while ignoring other
information is called selective attention.
O True
O False
Page 39;
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12) A person's self-concept consists of a number of images that can be placed on a
continuum ranging from positive to negative.
O True
O False
Page 64-65;
13) Men and women are equally concerned about body image, especially regarding weight.
O True
O False
Page 77;
14) There is a reciprocal connection between communication and self-concept.
O True
O False
Page 68
15) Our self-concept is primarily formed through communication with others.
O True
O False
Page 63
16) Thought and language are inseparable.
O True
O False
Page 86;
17) It is appropriate to use jargon when speaking in front of a group of listeners who have
specific knowledge about the subject matter of the presentation.
O True
O False
Page 94
18) Language by itself has no meaning.
O True
O False
Page 88;
19) Semantics is the study of meaning, or the association of words with ideas, feelings, and
contexts.
O True
O False
Page 88;
20) According to Deborah Tannen, women use language to assert status and to compete.
O True
O False
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Page 100
21) Verbal communication is more believable than nonverbal communication.
O True
O False
Pages 114-115;
22) Nonverbal messages are much more difficult to control than verbal messages.
O True
O False
Page 114;
23) It is believed that the human face can produce more than a thousand different
expressions.
O True
O False
Pages 124;
24) Of all the body motions, facial expressions convey the most information.
O True
O False
Pages 124-125;
25) The volume of a speaker's voice would be considered an element of paralanguage.
O True
O False
Page 133;
26) Research indicates that the majority of our communication time is usually spent
listening.
O True
O False
Page 144;
27) Hearing is the process of receiving, constructing meaning from, and responding to
spoken or nonverbal messages.
O True
O False
Page 146;
28) Understanding involves the processing of information.
O True
O False
Pages 146-147;
22
29) Critical listening means to assess the values and intent of the speaker, and to judge the
accuracy of the conclusions drawn from the message.
O True
O False
Page 155;
30) A car owner can listen to evaluate while listening for odd sounds from her/his car.
O True
O False
Page 151;
31) Responding is one way to let a speaker know that the message they have sent has been
received in the intented manner.
O True
O False
Page 148;
32) Listening for enjoyment involves nothing more than sitting back and letting sounds
enter our ears.
O True
O False
Page 152
Good Luck!
Dr. Jaballa M. Hasan
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