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Barton & Koricheva
B1
Complete bibliography for studies included in the meta-analyses.
Albrectsen, B. R., H. Gardfjell, C. M. Orians, B. Murray, and R. S. Fritz. 2004. Slugs, willow
seedlings and nutrient fertilization: intrinsic vigor inversely affects palatability. Oikos
105:268-278.
Argandoña, V. H., J. G. Luza, H. M. Niemeyer, and L. J. Corcuera. 1980. Role of hydroxamic
acids in the resistance of cereals to aphids. Phytochemistry 19:1665-1668.
Argandoña, V. H., H. M. Niemeyer, and L. J. Corcuera. 1981. Effect of content and distribution
of hydroxamic acids in wheat on infestation by the aphid Schizaphis graminum.
Phytochemistry 20:673-676.
Baldwin, I. T., and E. A. Schmelz. 1996. Immunological "memory" in the induced accumulation
of nicotine in wild tobacco. Ecology 77:236-246.
Barto, E. K., and D. F. Cipollini. 2005. Testing the optimal defense theory and the growth
differentiation balance hypothesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Oecologia 146:169-178.
Barton, K. E. 2007. Early ontogenetic patterns in chemical defense in Plantago (Plantaginaceae):
Genetic variation and trade-offs. American Journal of Botany 94:56-66.
—. 2008. Phenotypic plasticity in seedling defense strategies: compensatory growth and
chemical induction. Oikos 117:917-925.
Basey, J. M., S. H. Jenkins, and P. E. Busher. 1988. Optimal central-place foraging by beavers:
Tree-size selection in relation to defensive chemicals of quaking aspen. Oecologia
76:278-282.
Basset, Y. 2001. Communities of insect hebivores foraging on saplings versus mature trees of
Pourouma bicolor (Cecropiaceae) in Panama. Oecologia 129:253-260.
Boege, K. 2005a. Herbivore attack in Casearia nitida influenced by plant ontogenetic variation
in foliage quality and plant architecture. Oecologia 143:117-125.
—. 2005b. Influence of plant ontogeny on compensation to leaf damage. American Journal of
Botany 92:1632-1640.
Boege, K., R. Dirzo, D. Siemens, and P. Brown. 2007. Ontogenetic switches from plant
resistance to tolerance: minimizing costs with age? Ecology Letters 10:177-187.
Boege, K., and R. J. Marquis. 2006. Plant quality and predation risk mediated by plant ontogeny:
consequences for herbivores and plants. Oikos 115:559-572.
Bond, W. J., W. G. Lee, and J. M. Craine. 2004. Plant structural defences against browsing birds:
a legacy of New Zealand's extinct moas. Oikos 104:500-508.
Bowers, M. D., S. K. Collinge, S. E. Gamble, and J. Schmitt. 1992. Effects of genotype, habitat,
and seasonal variation on iridoid glycoside content of Plantago lanceolata
(Plantaginaceae) and the implications for insect herbivores. Oecologia 91:201-207.
Bowers, M. D., and N. E. Stamp. 1993. Effects of plant age, genotype, and herbivory on
Plantago performance and chemistry. Ecology 74:1778-1791.
Briggs, M. A., and J. C. Schultz. 1990. Chemical defense production in Lotus corniculatus L. II.
Trade-offs among growth, reproduction and defense. Oecologia 83:32-37.
Bryant, J. P., and R. Julkunen-Tiitto. 1995. Ontogenic development of chemical defense by
seedling resin birch: energy cost of defense production. Journal of Chemical Ecology
21:883-896.
Bryant, J. P., J. Tahvanainen, M. Sulkinoja, R. Julkunen-Tiitto, P. B. Reichardt, and T. Green.
1989. Biogeographic evidence for the evolution of chemical defense by boreal birch and
willow against mammalian browsing. American Naturalist 134:20-34.
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Byrne, D. N., and E. A. Draeger. 1989. Effect of plant maturity on oviposition and nymphal
mortality of Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Environmental Entomology
18:429-433.
Campos, W. G., J. H. Schoereder, and C. F. Sperber. 2004. Does the age of the host plant
modulate migratory activity of Plutella xylostella? Entomological Science 7:323-329.
Chou, J.-C., and C. A. Mullin. 1993. Phenologic and tissue distribution of sesquiterpene lactones
in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Journal of Plant Physiology 142:657-663.
Cipollini, D. F., and J. Bergelson. 2000. Environmental and developmental regulation of trypsin
inhibitor activity in Brassica napus. Journal of Chemical Ecology 26:1411-1422.
Cipollini, D. F., Jr., and A. M. Redman. 1999. Age-dependent effects of jasmonic acid treatment
and wind exposure on foliar oxidase activity and insect resistance in tomato. Journal of
Chemical Ecology 25:271-281.
Çirak, C., J. Radušiene, and N. Çamas. 2008. Pseudohypericin and hyperforin in two Turkish
Hypericum species: Variation among plant parts and phenological stages. Biochemical
Systematics and Ecology 36:377-382.
Clausen, T. P., P. B. Reichardt, and J. P. Bryant. 1986. Pinosylvin and pinosylvin methyl ether as
feeding deterrents in green alder. Journal of Chemical Ecology 12:2117-2131.
Close, D. C., N. W. Davies, and C. L. Beadle. 2001. Temporal variation of tannins
(galloylglucoses), flavonols and anthocyanins in leaves of Eucalyptus nitens seedlings:
implications for light attenuation and antioxidant activities. Australian Journal of Plant
Physiology 28:269-278.
Craig, T. P., P. W. Price, and J. K. Itami. 1986. Resource regulation by a stem-galling sawfly on
the arroyo willow. Ecology 67:419-425.
Danell, K., T. Elmqvist, L. Ericson, and A. Salomonson. 1987. Are there general patterns in
bark-eating by voles on different shoot types from woody plants? Oikos 50:396-402.
Darrow, K., and M. D. Bowers. 1997. Phenological and population variation in iridoid
glycosides of Plantago lanceolata (Plantaginaceae). Biochemical Systematics and
Ecology 25:1-11.
Dawson, R. J., H. M. Armleder, and M. J. Waterhouse. 1990. Preferences of mule deer for
Douglas-fir foliage from different sized trees. Journal of Wildlife Management 54:378382.
Del Val, E., and M. J. Crawley. 2005. Are grazing increaser species better tolerators than
decreasers? An experimental assessment of defoliation tolerance in eight British
grassland species. Journal of Ecology 93:1005-1016.
Del Val, E., and R. Dirzo. 2003. Does ontogeny cause changes in the defensive strategies of the
myrmecophyte Cecropia peltata? Plant Ecology 169:35-41.
Diawara, M. M., J. T. Trumble, C. F. Quiros, K. K. White, and C. Adams. 1994. Plant age and
seasonal variations in genotypic resistance of celery to beet armyworm (Lepidoptera:
Noctuidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 87:514-522.
Doak, P., D. Wagner, and A. Watson. 2007. Variable extrafloral nectary expression and its
consequences in quaking aspen. Canadian Journal of Botany 85:1-9.
Doan, A. T., G. Ervin, and G. Felton. 2004. Temporal effects on jasmonate induction of anti
herbivore defense in Physalis angulata: seasonal and ontogenetic gradients. Biochemical
Systematics and Ecology 32:117-126.
Donaldson, J. R., M. T. Stevens, H. R. Barnhill, and R. L. Lindroth. 2006. Age-related shifts in
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leaf chemistry of clonal aspen (Populus tremuloides). Journal of Chemical Ecology
32:1415-1429.
Du, D., J. A. Winsor, M. Smith, A. DeNicco, and A. G. Stephenson. 2008. Resistance and
tolerance to herbivory changes with inbreeding and ontogeny in a wild gourd
(Cucurbitaceae). American Journal of Botany 95:84-92.
Eck, G., B. Fiala, K. E. Linsenmair, R. Bin Hashim, and P. Proksch. 2001. Trade-off between
chemical and biotic antiherbivore defense in the southeast Asian plant genus Macaranga.
Journal of Chemical Ecology 27:1979-1996.
Elger, A., D. G. Lemoine, M. Fenner, and M. E. Hanley. 2009. Plant ontogeny and chemical
defence: older seedlings are better defended. Oikos 118:767-773.
Erwin, E. A., M. G. Turner, R. L. Lindroth, and W. H. Romme. 2001. Secondary plant
compounds in seedling and mature aspen (Populus tremuloides) in Yellowstone National
Park, Wyoming. American Midland Naturalist 145:299-308.
Escarré, J., J. Lepart, and J. J. Sentue. 1996. Effects of simulated herbivory in three old field
Compositae with different inflorescence architectures. Oecologia 105:501-508.
Feibert, E. B., and J. H. Langenheim. 1988. Leaf resin variation in Copaifera langsdorfii:
relation to irradiance and herbivory. Phytochemistry 27:2527-2532.
Fenner, M., M. E. Hanley, and R. Lawrence. 1999. Comparison of seedling and adult palatability
in annual and perennial plants. Functional Ecology 13:546-551.
Fisk, J. 1978. Resistance of Sorghum bicolor to Rhopalosiphum maidis and Peregrinus maidis as
affected by differences in the growth stage of the host. Entomologia Experimentalis et
Applicata 23:227-236.
Fonseca, C. R., T. Fleck, and G. W. Fernandes. 2006. Processes driving ontogenetic succession
of galls in a canopy tree. Biotropica 38:514-521.
Fritz, R. S., C. G. Hochwender, D. A. Lewkiewicz, S. Bothwell, and C. M. Orians. 2001.
Seedling herbivory by slugs in a willow hybrid system: developmental changes in damage,
chemical defense, and plant performance. Oecologia 129:87-97.
Fuchs, A., and M. D. Bowers. 2004. Patterns of iridoid glycoside production and induction in
Plantago lanceolata (Plantaginaceae) and the importance of plant age. Journal of
Chemical Ecology 30:1723-1741.
García, M. B., and J. Ehrlén. 2002. Reproductive effort and herbivory timing in a perennial herb:
Fitness components at the individual and population levels. American Journal of Botany
89:1295-1302.
Gedge, K. E., and M. A. Maun. 1992. Effects of simulated herbivory on growth and reproduction
of two beach annuals, Cakile edentula and Corispermum hyssopifolium. Canadian Journal
of Botany 70:2467-2475.
Gianoli, E. 2002. A phenotypic trade-off between constitutive defenses and induced responses in
wheat seedlings. Ecoscience 9:482-488.
Gleadow, R. M., and I. E. Woodrow. 2000. Temporal and spatial variation in cyanogenic
glycosides in Eucalyptus cladocalyx. Tree Physiology 20:591-598.
Goodger, J. Q. D., P. K. Ades, and I. E. Woodrow. 2004. Cyanogenesis in Eucalyptus
polyanthemos seedlings: heritability, ontogeny and effect of soil nitrogen. Tree
Physiology 24:681-688.
Goodger, J. Q. D., T. Y. S. Choo, and I. E. Woodrow. 2007. Ontogenetic and temporal
trajectories of chemical defence in a cyanogenic eucalypt. Oecologia 153:799-808.
Goodger, J. Q. D., R. M. Gleadow, and I. E. Woodrow. 2006. Growth cost and ontogenetic
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expression patterns of defence in cyanogenic Eucalyptus spp. Trees 20:757-765.
Goodger, J. Q. D., and I. E. Woodrow. 2002. Cyanogenic polymorphism as an indicator of
genetic diversity in the rare species Eucalyptus yarraensis (Myrtaceae). Functional Plant
Biology 29:1445-1452.
Goralka, R. J. L., and J. H. Langenheim. 1996. Implications of foliar monoterpenoid variation
among ontogenetic stages of California bay tree (Umbellularia californica) for deer
herbivory. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 24:13-23.
Gowda, J. H., and R. T. Palo. 2003. Age-related changes in defensive traits of Acacia tortilis
Hayne. African Journal of Ecology 41:218-223.
Gregianini, T. S., D. D. Porto, N. C. Do Nascimento, J. P. Fett, A. T. Henriques, and A. G. Fett
Neto. 2004. Environmental and ontogenetic control of accumulation of brachycerine, a
bioactive indole alkaloid from Psychotria brachyceras. Journal of Chemical Ecology
30:2023-2036.
Guthrie, W. D., C. T. Tseng, W. A. Russell, J. R. Coats, J. C. Robbins, and J. J. Tollefson. 1986.
DIMBOA content at seven stages of plant development in a maize synthetic cultivar.
Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 59:356-360.
Hanley, M. E., and E. L. Fegan. 2007. Timing of cotyledon damage affects growth and flowering
in mature plants. Plant, Cell and Environment 30:812-819.
Hanley, M. E., M. Fenner, and P. J. Edwards. 1995. The effect of seedling age on the likelihood
of herbivory by the slug Deroceras reticulatum. Functional Ecology 9:754-759.
Hódar, J. A., R. Zamora, J. Castro, J. M. Gómez, and D. García. 2008. Biomass allocation and
growth responses of Scots pine saplings to simulated herbivory depend on plant age and
light availability. Plant Ecology 197:229-238.
Horrill, J. C., and A. J. Richards. 1986. Differential grazing by the mollusc Arion hortensis Fér.
on cyanogenic and acyanogenic seedlings of the white clover, Trifolium repens L.
Heredity 56:277-281.
Horvitz, C. C., and D. W. Schemske. 2002. Effects of plant size, leaf herbivory, local
competition and fruit production on survival, growth and future reproduction of a
neotropical herb. Journal of Ecology 90:279-290.
Itino, T., and T. Itioka. 2001. Interspecific variation and ontogenetic change in antiherbivore
defense in myrmecophytic Macaranga species. Ecological Research 16:765-774.
Jarzomski, C. M., N. E. Stamp, and M. D. Bowers. 2000. Effects of plant phenology, nutrients
and herbivory on growth and defensive chemistry of plantain, Plantago lanceolata. Oikos
88:371-379.
Jogia, M. K., A. R. E. Sinclair, and R. J. Andersen. 1989. An antifeedant in balsam poplar
inhibits browsing by snowshoe hares. Oecologia 79:189-192.
Kearsley, M. J. C., and T. G. Whitham. 1989. Developmental changes in resistance to herbivory:
implications for individuals and populations. Ecology 70:422-434.
Klun, J. A., and J. F. Robinson. 1969. Concentration of two 1,4-benzoxazinones in a dent corn at
various stages of development of the plant and its relation to resistance of the host plant
to the European corn borer. Journal of Economic Entomology 62:214-220.
Köllner, T. G., C. Schnee, J. Gershenzon, and J. Degenhardt. 2004. The sesquiterpene
hydrocarbons of maize (Zea mays) form five groups with distinct developmental and
organ-specific distributions. Phytochemistry 65:1895-1902.
Laitinen, J., R. Julkunen-Tiitto, M. Rousi, J. Heinonen, and J. Tahvanainen. 2005. Ontogeny and
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environment as determinants of the secondary chemistry of three species of white birch.
Journal of Chemical Ecology 31:2243-2262.
Langenheim, J. H., C. L. Convis, C. A. Macedo, and W. H. Stubblebine. 1986. Hymenaea and
Copaifera leaf sesquiterpenes in relation to lepidopteran herbivory in southeastern Brazil.
Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 14:41-49.
Lennartsson, T., P. Nilsson, and J. Tuomi. 1998. Induction of overcompensation in the field
gentian, Gentianella campestris. Ecology 79:1061-1072.
Lindroth, R. L., G. O. Batzli, and D. S. Seigler. 1986. Patterns in the phytochemistry of three
prairie plants. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 14:597-602.
Liu, Z., S. B. Carpenter, W. J. Bourgeois, Y. Yu, R. J. Constantin, M. J. Falcon, and J. C.
Adams. 1998. Variations in the secondary metabolite camptothecin in relation to tissue
age and season in Camptotheca acuminata. Tree Physiology 18:265-270.
Loney, P. E., C. McArthur, B. M. Potts, and G. J. Jordan. 2006. How does ontogeny in a
Eucalyptus species affect patterns of herbivory by Brushtail Possums? Functional
Ecology 20:982-988.
Macedo, C. A., and J. H. Langenheim. 1989. Microlepidopteran herbivory in relation to leaf
sesquiterpenes in Copaifera langsdorfii adult trees and their seedling progeny in a
Brazilian woodland. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 17:217-224.
Moore, D. 1984. The role of silica in protecting Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) from attack
by dipterous stem-boring larvae (Oscinella frit and other related species). Annals of
Applied Biology 104:161-166.
Morse, S., S. D. Wratten, P. J. Edwards, and H. M. Niemeyer. 1991. Changes in the hydroxamic
acid content of maize leaves with time and after artificial damage; implications for insect
attack. Annals of Applied Biology 119:239-249.
Myster, R. W. 2002. Foliar pathogen and insect herbivore effects on two landslide tree species in
Puerto Rico. Forest Ecology and Management 169:231-242.
Neilson, E. H., J. Q. D. Goodger, and I. E. Woodrow. 2006. Novel aspects of cyanogenesis in
Eucalyptus camphora subsp. humeana. Functional Plant Biology 33:487-496.
Niemelä, P., J. Tuomi, and E. Haukioja. 1980. Age-specific resistance in trees: Defoliation of
tamaracks (Larix laricina) by larch bud moth (Zeiraphera improbana) (Lep.,
Tortricidae). Reports from the Kevo Subarctic Research Station 16:49-57.
Nomura, M., T. Itioka, and K. Murase. 2001. Non-ant antiherbivore defenses before plant-ant
colonization in Macaranga myrmecophytes. Population Ecology 43:207-212.
Ohnmeiss, T. E., and I. T. Baldwin. 2000. Optimal defense theory predicts the ontogeny of an
induced nicotine defense. Ecology 81:1765-1783.
Price, P. W., H. Roininen, and J. Tahvanainen. 1987. Plant age and attack by the bud galler,
Euura mucronata. Oecologia 73:334-337.
Rapusas, H. R., and E. A. Heinrichs. 1987. Plant age effect on the level of resistance of rice
'IR36' to the green leafhopper, Nephotettix virescens (Distant) and rice tungro virus.
Environmental Entomology 16:106-110.
Reichardt, P. B., J. P. Bryant, T. P. Clausen, and G. D. Wieland. 1984. Defense of winter
dormant Alaska paper birch against snowshoe hares. Oecologia 65:58-69.
Reichardt, P. B., J. P. Bryant, B. R. Mattes, T. P. Clausen, F. S. Chapin, III, and M. Meyer. 1990.
Winter chemical defense of Alaskan balsam poplar against snowshoe hares. Journal of
Chemical Ecology 16:1941-1959.
Rostás, M., and K. Eggert. 2008. Ontogenetic and spatio-temporal patterns of induced volatiles
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in Glycine max in the light of the optimal defence hypothesis. Chemoecology 18:29-38.
Rousi, M., J. Häggman, and J. P. Bryant. 1987. The effect of bark phenols upon mountain hare
barking of winter-dormant Scots pine. Holarctic Ecology 10:60-64.
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Schappert, P. J., and J. S. Shore. 2000. Cyanogenesis in Turnera ulmifolia L. (Turneraceae): II.
Developmental expression, heritability and cost of cyanogenesis. Evolutionary Ecology
Research 2:337-352.
Shiojiri, K., and R. Karban. 2006. Plant age, communication, and resistance to herbivores: young
sagebrush plants are better emitters and receivers. Oecologia 149:214-220.
Silen, R. R., W. K. Randall, and N. L. Mandel. 1986. Estimates of genetic parameters for deer
browsing of Douglas-fir. Forest Science 32:178-184.
Sinclair, A. R. E., M. K. Jogia, and R. J. Andersen. 1988. Camphor from juvenile white spruce as
an antifeedant for snowshoe hares. Journal of Chemical Ecology 14:1505-1514.
Sinclair, A. R. E., and J. N. M. Smith. 1984. Do plant secondary compounds determine feeding
preferences of snowshoe hares? Oecologia 61:403-410.
Spiegel, L. H., and P. W. Price. 1996. Plant aging and the distribution of Rhyacionia
neomexicana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Environmental Entomology 25:359-365.
Stamp, N. E., and M. D. Bowers. 1994. Effects of cages, plant age and mechanical clipping on
plantain chemistry. Oecologia 99:66-71.
Stout, M. J., W. C. Rice, and D. R. Ring. 2002. The influence of plant age on tolerance of rice to
injury by the rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).
Bulletin of Entomological Research 92:177-184.
Stout, M. J., K. V. Workman, J. S. Workman, and S. S. Duffey. 1996. Temporal and ontogenetic
aspects of protein induction in foliage of the tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum.
Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 24:611-625.
Swihart, R. K., and J. P. Bryant. 2001. Importance of biogeography and ontogeny of woody
plants in winter herbivory by mammals. Journal of Mammalogy 82:1-21.
Swihart, R. K., J. P. Bryant, and L. Newton. 1994. Latitudinal patterns in consumption of woody
plants by snowshoe hares in the eastern United States. Oikos 70:427-434.
Swihart, R. K., and P. M. Picone. 1998. Selection of mature growth stages of coniferous browse
in temperate forests by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). American Midland
Naturalist 139:269-274.
Thackray, D. J., S. D. Wratten, P. J. Edwards, and H. M. Niemeyer. 1990. Resistance to the
aphids Sitobion avenae and Rhopalosiphum padi in Gramineae in relation to hydroxamic
acid levels. Annals of Applied Biology 116:573-582.
Tiffin, P. 2002. Competition and time of damage affect the pattern of selection acting on plant
defense against herbivores. Ecology 83:1981-1990.
Trager, M. D., and E. M. Bruna. 2006. Effects of plant age, experimental nutrient addition and
ant occupancy on herbivory in a neotropical myrmecophyte. Journal of Ecology 94:11561163.
Traw, M. B., and P. Feeny. 2008. Glucosinolates and trichomes track tissue value in two
sympatric mustards. Ecology 89:763-772.
Van Dam, N. M., M. Horn, M. Mareš, and I. T. Baldwin. 2001. Ontogeny constrains systemic
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Wallace, S. K., and S. D. Eigenbrode. 2002. Changes in the glucosinolate-myrosinase defense
system in Brassica juncea cotyledons during seedling development. Journal of Chemical
Ecology 28:243-256.
Waltz, A. M., and T. G. Whitham. 1997. Plant development affects arthropod communities:
opposing impacts of species removal. Ecology 78:2133-2144.
Warner, P. J., and J. H. Cushman. 2002. Influence of herbivores on a perennial plant: variation
with life history stage and herbivore species. Oecologia 132:77-85.
Williams, W., and J. E. M. Harrison. 1983. Alkaloid concentrations during development in three
Lupinus species and the expression of genes for alkaloid biosynthesis in seedlings.
Phytochemistry 22:85-90.
Wolfson, J. L., and L. L. Murdock. 1990. Growth of Manduca sexta on wounded tomato plants:
role of induced proteinase inhibitors. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 54:257264.