Download Circulatory Notes - Madeira City Schools

The circulatory system is the body’s highway system for
transporting materials.
Delivers oxygen to cells
Take carbon dioxide away from cells
Delivers food to cells so they can grow and make energy.
Carries hormones to organs
Carries antibodies places that need healing
Delivers heat where needed
Red Blood Cells aka “Erythrocytes”:
 Carry O2 and CO2 (primarily contains Hemoglobin)
 Made in bone marrow
 Old ones destroyed in Liver and Spleen
White Blood Cells aka “Leukocytes”:
 Immune System…different types
Platelets:
 Needed for blood clotting
Plasma: liquid made of the following:
 Water – solvent to carry other things. Absorbs heat
 Salts – osmotic balance, pH buffering, regulates membrane
permeability
 Plasma proteins – albumin (osmotic balance and pH
buffering), fibrinogen (clotting), globulins (antibodies, and lipid
transport)
Arteries (carry blood away from heart)
Arterioles (enters tissues/organs)
Capillaries (one cell thick)
Tissues and organs
Venules
Veins (carry blood back to heart)
It is the size of
your fist.
Contains 4
chambers
2 atria
2 ventricles
Superior vena cava/Inferior vena cava
Right Atrium
Right Ventricle
Pulmonary Artery
Lungs
Pulmonary veins (4 of them)
Left Atrium
Left Ventricle
Aorta
Body
What is it?
Pressure the blood exerts
against the inner walls of the
blood vessels.
Blood vessels are not rigid…they are elastic (they can expand and
contract) During each beat of the heart, the pressure rises and
falls.
It is how the blood continues to circulate between heartbeats.
How is it measured? Two arterial pressures are measured.
Systolic pressure – the pressure in the arteries at the peak
of ventricular contraction (top number)
Diastolic pressure – the pressure when the ventricles are
relaxing. (bottom number)
Increase/decrease blood volume
Increase/decrease the amount of friction the blood encounters as
it flows through the arteries.
Vasoconstriction (narrowing of the blood pressure) controlled by
the brain.
Temperature
Chemicals
Diet
Age, Race, Mood, Physical activity, Posture