Download Related Issue 2 Quiz 1

Related Issue 2 Quiz 1
Indicate whether each statement is true (T) or false (F).
1. _____ Globalization began in 1492 when Columbus crossed the ocean to the Americas.
2. _____ The Silk Road can be considered an important force of early globalization, since
goods and ideas traversed this route.
3. _____ The beginning of the period of historical globalization is often identified by
economists and historians as 1492, the year Christopher Columbus made his first voyage
to the Caribbean.
4. _____ Many Europeans regard Columbus as a hero who “discovered” the “New World”
and started the era often called the Age of Discovery.
5. _____ Because Columbus was such a successful explorer, people around the world and of
all cultures view him as a hero.
6. _____ Columbus’s discovery of the Caribbean and Americas has been a source of
contention for many groups, including many indigenous peoples.
7. _____ Johannes Gutenberg, a German inventor, pioneered a printing method that used
movable type. This device was revolutionary because it created a quicker and easier
spread of ideas across Europe.
8. _____ Small farm owners in the Middle Ages are considered to be the first middle class.
This class was important because their ability to buy goods led to increased trade between
nations.
9. _____ After Columbus’s first expedition, there was a race among all European countries
to establish colonies, with most of the countries of Europe dividing the world evenly
among themselves. This sped up the process of globalization.
10. _____ To foster trade growth, European countries in the 16th to 18th centuries practiced
free trade (no trade barriers) between the mother countries and colonies.
11. _____ Most European colonies during the 16th to 18th centuries prospered because
colonists were able to get manufacturing jobs to process the raw materials in their
colonies.
12. _____ To keep their own colonial markets strong, governments often prohibited colonies
from importing goods from other European countries. This eliminated competition and
meant that people in colonies could buy only goods made in their home country. This
policy of strictly controlling trade was called mercantilism.
13. _____ Dissatisfaction of American colonists with mercantilism was a major contributing
factor to the American Revolution and the establishment of the United States as an
independent country.
14. _____ When the European imperial powers staked out their colonial claims, they
believed that their own customs, culture and beliefs were superior to those of the
indigenous peoples they met.
15. _____ Although the people in colonized regions during the Age of Imperialism had
strong centralized governments and could therefore easily mobilize armies, they could
not compete with European weapons.
16. _____ The age of Imperialism proved to be very profitable for Imperial nations.
However, for indigenous peoples of the colonies, the results were usually disastrous,
including losses of land and culture and devastating results from European diseases.
17. _____ Early European explorers thought they had reached India when they crossed the
Atlantic, so they mistakenly called indigenous peoples Indians.
18. _____ Not all explorers and colonizers were unsympathetic to the indigenous people of
the colonies. Bartolomé de Las Casas tried to persuade Spanish authorities to change
their policies and create communities where indigenous peoples and Spaniards could
work together to create a new civilization.
19. _____ African slavery began during the period of historical globalization.
20. _____ During the Age of Imperialism, most people became slaves to pay off debts they
owed.
21. _____ Some people view cheap labour as the lifeblood of historical globalization.
22. _____ The grand exchange refers to the transfer of ideas across continents during the Age
of Discovery.
23. _____ The Industrial Revolution was a positive experience for people in the country,
since they were able to move to cities for well-paying jobs and goods such as cloth
became very inexpensive, which had further positive effects on rural areas and job
creation.
24. _____ Ethnocentric people believe that the only valid worldview is their own, and they
judge other people according to their own beliefs, customs, and traditions.
25. _____ Eurocentrism is a form of ethnocentrism that uses European ethnic, national,
religious and linguistic criteria to judge other peoples and their cultures.
26. _____ In 1884, representatives of the United States, Austria-Hungary, Belgium,
Denmark, France, Germany, Britain, Italy, the Netherlands, the Ottoman Empire,
Portugal, Russia, Spain and Sweden-Norway met in Berlin, Germany to divide Africa
among themselves.
27. _____ Indigenous peoples played a key role in the division of Africa in the late 19th
century.
28. _____ Although imperial nations ruled their colonies and controlled local government,
the culture and way of life of indigenous people changed little because colonizing nations
wanted little to do with the people in the colonies; their only concern was resources.
29. _____ The forced migration of African slaves was devastating to the continent because it
led to depopulation of the continent and was a serious drain on human resources.
30. _____ In 1834, slavery was abolished in the British Empire, causing plantation and mine
operators to pay fair wages to workers.
31. _____ Similar to the situation in Africa, the indentured labour system led to the
depopulation of India.
32. _____ Historical globalization affected more than just people and territories; it also
affected animals. For example, it almost led to the extinction of the buffalo.
33. _____ The Raj refers to the monopoly held by the British East India Company over
goods in India.
34. _____ India suffered deindustrialization when Britain stopped importing raw materials
from the colony during the Industrial Revolution.
35. _____ The Age of Imperialism can be attributed to the rise of nationalism in the former
colonies. Mohandas Gandhi is an example of an influential nationalist leader.
36. _____ The lives of some indigenous and non-indigenous people improved as a result of
colonization; however, many cultures disintegrated. Personal and collective identities and
economic and political systems deteriorated or were destroyed, and many people suffered
poverty and oppression.
37. _____ One effect of imperialism on local cultures was the use of land to grow cash crops
(crops for export). These cash crops were usually a great benefit to the indigenous
people.
38. _____ An independent India has proven to be challenging, as different religions and other
cultural interests in the regions have led to opposing views over land claims of regions
along the India Pakistan border.
39. _____ Although the negative impacts of historical globalization persisted for centuries
after the Age of Exploration, modern society has overcome the negative legacies of
historical globalization.
40. _____ Historical globalization can be attributed to directly fuelling the creation of the
modern industrial world of today through the spread of ideas and transport of resources
during that period.