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VOCABULARY to go with Lab
“MOTION IN REVIEW”
FORCE
INERTIA
VELOCITY
FRICTION
Newton’s first Law of Motion
FORCE
Definition: A PUSH OR A PULL
Example: pulling the garbage can, pushing a bike up a hill.
INERTIA
Definition: An object’s tendency to
either remain at rest or in uniform
motion at the same speed in a
straight line
Example: Your body keeps moving
forward even though the bus is
stopping.(DISCOVERED BY Galileo
Galilei)
VELOCITY
Definition: Speed in a
particular direction.
Example: Biking 25 miles
(speed) in an hour
South(direction)
Newton’s First law of Motion
Definition: An object can remain at
rest or in uniform motion unless
acted on by an unbalanced
external force
Example: A ball stays in the same
place until someone kicks it. A ball
may keep moving until the grass
slows it down.
Friction
Definition: a force that slows an
object from moving.
Example: rubber on the bottom
of sneakers, brakes on a bike/car
Types of friction: fluid(water),
air(parachutes/athlete’s uniform),
mass(sliding vs. static)
Vocabulary for “Gravity and Balance”
GRAVITY
GRAVITY SUPPORT FORCE
NEWTON
POUND
WEIGHT
GRAVITY
Definition: A force pulling objects
toward the center of the
Earth
Example: a falling baseball or
leaves falling
GRAVITY SUPPORT FORCE
Definition: An equal force that
opposes gravity’s downward pull
Example: sitting chair example
NEWTON
Definition: Unit of force in the
metric system(N)
Example: One newton(N) = .225LBS
or One pound = 4.45 Newton(N)
POUND
Definition: The United States’s
customary unit of force(lb)
Example: One newton(N) = .225LBS
or One pound = 4.45 Newton(N)
WEIGHT
DEFINITION: The strength of the force of
gravity pulling down toward the earth’s
surface
Example: the weight of a bowling ball is
more forceful than a basketball.
MOVING MASSES
ACCELERATION
MASS
NEWTON’S SECOND LAW OF MOTION
Air Resistance
ACCELERATION
Definition: Rate of change in the
speed and direction(velocity) of an
object. Note: This can mean
speeding up, slowing
down(deceleration), or changing
direction.
Example: A car increases speed to
pass another car.
MASS
Definition: Measures the amount of
matter in an object
Example: Compare a softball to a
foam ball, how are they different? A
softball has more material
compacted in one space than the
foam ball. Therefore, it has more
mass.
NEWTON’S SECOND LAW OF MOTION
Definition: A greater unbalanced external
force causes greater acceleration of an
object; Therefore, a greater unbalanced
external force is needed to
accelerate(speed up/slow down) an object
of greater mass.
Force = Mass X Acceleration
Example: It takes more power to
stop/move a heavier object than a lighter
object
AIR RESISTANCE
Definition: A force exerted by air
against an object moving through it
and acts in the opposite direction of
the object’s motion,”drag”
Example: parachute, clothing on an
athlete, etc.
Vocabulary for Lab “Basketball Arcs”
FREE FALL
PARABOLA
FREE FALL
Definition: Floating objects float because of
their speed in relation to the EarthExample: The air craft travels as fast as it is
falling downwards, causing the
objects/astronauts to float.
speed forward(8km/sec) or (5mi/sec):
falling speed (5m/sec) or (16ft/sec)
PARABOLA
Definition: A path that curves or
makes an arc caused by gravity’s
downward force
Example: Connection: As a
basketball player shoots from the
free throw line, what path does
the ball travel to get into the
hoop?
VOCABULARY for Lab “Rolling On”
SPEED
Distance
Time
FRICTION
SPEED
Definition: Speed- Measures how far an
object travels in a period of time
Formula: In order to calculate speed,
you need distance and divide by time.
DISTANCE
Speed = Distance divided by Time
TIME
Definition:Time elapsed from start to
stop
measured: seconds, minutes,hours
time = distance /rate
FRICTION(repeat)
Definition: Occurs between a moving object and the surface
on, or medium through, which it moves
-Opposes motion and reduces speed of a moving object
Example: 4 types of friction:
Fluid (air/water)
Static (stationary)
Sliding (moving)
Rolling (moving with wheels)