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Civil Aviation Amendment Order (No. R41) 2004 I, WILLIAM BRUCE BYRON, Director of Aviation Safety, on behalf of CASA, issue the following Civil Aviation Order under regulation 5.59 of the Civil Aviation Regulations 1988. [signed by Bruce Byron] Bruce Byron Director of Aviation Safety and Chief Executive Officer 2 December 2004 __________________ 1 Name of Order This Order is the Civil Aviation Amendment Order (No. R41) 2004. 2 Commencement This Order commences on gazettal. 3 Replacement of section 40.4.3 of the Civil Aviation Orders Section 40.4.3 of the Civil Aviation Orders is omitted and a new section substituted as set out in Schedule 1. Page 1 of 7 pages Schedule 1 Substitution of section 40.4.3 of the Civil Aviation Orders SECTION 40.4.3 GYROPLANE SYLLABUS — COMMERCIAL PILOT (GYROPLANE) LICENCE 1 SYLLABUS 1.1 For the purposes of regulation 5.59 of the Civil Aviation Regulations 1988, the syllabus for the commercial pilot (gyroplane) licence is set out in Appendixes I, II and III to section 40.4.2 and in Appendixes I and II to this section. Page 2 of 7 pages APPENDIX I GYROPLANE SYLLABUS (AERONAUTICAL KNOWLEDGE) — COMMERCIAL PILOT (GYROPLANE) LICENCE The following syllabi specify the MINIMUM standard of knowledge required. Qualifying letter are used to indicate the degree of knowledge considered necessary for each individual item within a particular subject. The significance of the qualifying letters used is as shown below and it is intended that the progression from ‘A’ through ‘B’ and ‘C’ to ‘D’ indicates a logical increase in the depth of knowledge required. ‘A’ A BASIC understanding of the subject matter, sufficient for simple practical problems either by calculation or the exercise of judgement. ‘B’ A SOUND understanding of the subject matter, sufficient for the solution of more advanced practical problems either by calculation or the exercise of judgement. ‘C’ A COMPREHENSIVE understanding of the subject matter, sufficient for the solution of associated practical problems either by calculation or the exercise of judgement. ‘D’ A COMPLETE understanding of the subject matter, sufficient to apply the knowledge to the mathematical solution of specific problems with full confidence and within a reasonable time limit. ‘PROC’ A PRACTICAL application of relevant procedures as promulgated for the regulation of aircraft operations. 1 PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT Qualifying Letter 1.1 1.2 General Candidates will be expected to have a knowledge of mathematics and physics sufficient for the solution of problems applicable to this subject and an understanding of the following terms: Force, weight, lift and drag Law of moments, couple and equilibrium Work, energy and power Inertia, and momentum An understanding of the following terms in basic theory and as applied to a gyroplane: Aerofoil — Chord, span, camber, twist and centre of pressure Rotor system — Articulated, rigid, semi-rigid, rotor disc, pitch angle, coning and angle of attack B B B B A B Page 3 of 7 pages 1.3 An understanding of the following factors in relation to a gyroplane: The relationship of air density, velocity, surface area, shape and angle of attack in the production of lift and drag by an aerofoil B How a rotor system produces lift and drag — translational lift B Cause and compensation for dissymmetry of lift A Forces which act on a rotor to produce autorotation B Effects of power, airspeed, weight, density altitude and flare on rotor RPM C Retreating blade stall and compressibility effects and recovery action Importance of maintaining rotor RPM during take-off and optimum airspeed during take-off, climb, descent and landing C Ground effect and the factors which influence ground effect A Ground resonance A 1.4 An understanding of stability as applied to a gyroplane: The 3 axes of a gyroplane and movement about these axes Static and dynamic stability 1.5 1.6 Operation and controls: Cyclic pitch, rotor spin up control and rudders How the gyroplane responds to the operation of each control Phase lag and how it is compensated for in cyclic control system How a gyroplane is manoeuvred: (a) Straight and level flight: Forces acting on a gyroplane and the effect of all up weight at varying air speeds and altitudes (b) Climbing: Forces acting on a gyroplane in the climb Factors producing (i) the best rate of climb (ii) the best angle of climb The effect of wind and wind shear during the climb (c) Descending: Forces acting on a gyroplane during descent Factors which vary the rate and angle of descent The importance of lift/drag ratio during autorotation and the effect of varying airspeed B B B B A B B C B B B B Page 4 of 7 pages The effect of wind (d) Turns: Forces acting on a gyroplane during a turn The relationship between: angle of bank, airspeed and rate of turn (e) Taxiing, Take-off and Landing: The control of the gyroplane on the ground The effect of rotor spin up for taxiing The effect of rotor and propeller rotation, and crosswind on directional control during take-off The effect of varying rotor RPM and wind on the length of take-off run required The take-off technique to achieve optimum and maximum performance The landing technique to achieve optimum and maximum performance A B B B C C C B B 2 PERFORMANCE, OPERATION AND SYSTEMS — GYROPLANE 2.1 Gyroplane performance (a) Airframe limitations: Maximum permissible speed Maximum operating speed Speed for undercarriage extension Speed for turbulent air Maximum and minimum take-off weight Loading stations (b) Take-off and landing performance: The effect on performance of pressure height and temperature (i.e. density height), head or tail wind components, surface conditions, rotor RPM, take-off or landing distance available and weight of gyroplane Practical use of performance charts published in Aircraft Flight Manuals Authorised landing area guidelines in CAAP 92-1 (c) In flight performance: Consideration of airframe and engine characteristics in operations throughout the flight envelope 2.2 Gyroplane Operation (a) Administration: The use and purpose of the following: Maintenance release, engine and airframe log books, Certificate of Airworthiness, Certificate of Registration and Aircraft Flight Manual Gyroplane classification B B B B B B B C/PROC PROC B PROC B/PROC Page 5 of 7 pages The responsibilities of a pilot before accepting a gyroplane for flight The necessary action to be taken in the event of unserviceability (b) Ground operation: Daily and pre-flight inspection of rotor system, airframe and engine Quality control and fire prevention during refuelling Precautions to be taken during start, warm up, run up, spin up and run down Tie down procedures (c) In-flight operation: Use of boost, pitch, mixture and carburettor heat controls Power limitations (d) Weight and balance: The use of loading systems, charts and tables to determine that a gyroplane is loaded safely and in accordance with specified limitations 2.3 Gyroplane Systems: Knowledge of systems particularly applicable to gyroplanes: (a) An understanding of rotor head designs, characteristics and cyclic control system (b) The understanding of rotor blade construction and blade tracking requirements (c) The layout and method of operation of the rotor spin up system B/PROC B/PROC B B/PROC B B C C C/PROC B C C Page 6 of 7 pages APPENDIX II GYROPLANE SYLLABUS (AERONAUTICAL SKILL) — COMMERCIAL PILOT (GYROPLANE) LICENCE An applicant for a commercial pilot (gyroplane) licence is required to complete the following course of flying training whilst being the holder of a private pilot (gyroplane) licence that is not subject to any condition that restricts the holder to flying within a specified distance from an aerodrome. For a flight to be credited as part of this course it must be conducted in association with a licensed flying school and authorised and directed by a rated flight instructor. 1 General flying (10 hours dual) All normal and emergency manoeuvres applicable to the gyroplane to be used in training. 2 Navigation (10 hours) NAV 1. 3 hours in command under supervision. Preparation for flight, departure procedure, position reporting procedure, map reading, correction for track error, revision of ETA, use of light aircraft lanes of entry, en route emergencies, entry into controlled airspace and landing at a controlled airport. This flight will consist of at least 3 separate legs. NAV 2. 2 hours in command. Pilot to select own route for flight. NAV 3. 2 hours in command under supervision. Exercise as in NAV 1. NAV 4. 3 hours in command under supervision. This exercise may be carried out in 2 separate parts each of not less than 1 hour 30 minutes duration. One of these parts shall be the flight test for the issue of the licence and shall be conducted by CASA. The flight shall simulate a charter flight to a destination nominated by CASA. Page 7 of 7 pages