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Civil Aviation Amendment Order
(No. R41) 2004
I, WILLIAM BRUCE BYRON, Director of Aviation Safety, on behalf of
CASA, issue the following Civil Aviation Order under regulation 5.59 of the
Civil Aviation Regulations 1988.
[signed by Bruce Byron]
Bruce Byron
Director of Aviation Safety and
Chief Executive Officer
2 December 2004
__________________
1
Name of Order
This Order is the Civil Aviation Amendment Order (No. R41)
2004.
2
Commencement
This Order commences on gazettal.
3
Replacement of section 40.4.3 of the Civil Aviation Orders
Section 40.4.3 of the Civil Aviation Orders is omitted and a new
section substituted as set out in Schedule 1.
Page 1 of 7 pages
Schedule 1
Substitution of section 40.4.3 of the
Civil Aviation Orders
SECTION 40.4.3
GYROPLANE SYLLABUS — COMMERCIAL PILOT (GYROPLANE)
LICENCE
1
SYLLABUS
1.1
For the purposes of regulation 5.59 of the Civil Aviation Regulations
1988, the syllabus for the commercial pilot (gyroplane) licence is set
out in Appendixes I, II and III to section 40.4.2 and in Appendixes I and
II to this section.
Page 2 of 7 pages
APPENDIX I
GYROPLANE SYLLABUS (AERONAUTICAL KNOWLEDGE) —
COMMERCIAL PILOT (GYROPLANE) LICENCE
The following syllabi specify the MINIMUM standard of knowledge required.
Qualifying letter are used to indicate the degree of knowledge considered necessary
for each individual item within a particular subject. The significance of the qualifying
letters used is as shown below and it is intended that the progression from ‘A’ through
‘B’ and ‘C’ to ‘D’ indicates a logical increase in the depth of knowledge required.
‘A’
A BASIC understanding of the subject matter, sufficient for simple
practical problems either by calculation or the exercise of
judgement.
‘B’
A SOUND understanding of the subject matter, sufficient for the
solution of more advanced practical problems either by calculation
or the exercise of judgement.
‘C’
A COMPREHENSIVE understanding of the subject matter,
sufficient for the solution of associated practical problems either by
calculation or the exercise of judgement.
‘D’
A COMPLETE understanding of the subject matter, sufficient to
apply the knowledge to the mathematical solution of specific
problems with full confidence and within a reasonable time limit.
‘PROC’ A PRACTICAL application of relevant procedures as promulgated
for the regulation of aircraft operations.
1
PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT
Qualifying
Letter
1.1
1.2
General
Candidates will be expected to have a knowledge of
mathematics and physics sufficient for the solution of
problems applicable to this subject and an
understanding of the following terms:
Force, weight, lift and drag
Law of moments, couple and equilibrium
Work, energy and power
Inertia, and momentum
An understanding of the following terms in basic
theory and as applied to a gyroplane:
Aerofoil — Chord, span, camber, twist and centre of
pressure
Rotor system — Articulated, rigid, semi-rigid, rotor
disc, pitch angle, coning and angle of attack
B
B
B
B
A
B
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1.3
An understanding of the following factors in relation to a
gyroplane:
The relationship of air density, velocity, surface area,
shape and angle of attack in the production of lift and
drag by an aerofoil
B
How a rotor system produces lift and drag —
translational lift
B
Cause and compensation for dissymmetry of lift
A
Forces which act on a rotor to produce autorotation
B
Effects of power, airspeed, weight, density altitude
and flare on rotor RPM
C
Retreating blade stall and compressibility effects and
recovery action
Importance of maintaining rotor RPM during take-off
and optimum airspeed during take-off, climb, descent
and landing
C
Ground effect and the factors which influence ground
effect
A
Ground resonance
A
1.4
An understanding of stability as applied to a gyroplane:
The 3 axes of a gyroplane and movement about these
axes
Static and dynamic stability
1.5
1.6
Operation and controls:
Cyclic pitch, rotor spin up control and rudders
How the gyroplane responds to the operation of each
control
Phase lag and how it is compensated for in cyclic
control system
How a gyroplane is manoeuvred:
(a) Straight and level flight:
Forces acting on a gyroplane and the effect of all up
weight at varying air speeds and altitudes
(b) Climbing:
Forces acting on a gyroplane in the climb
Factors producing
(i) the best rate of climb
(ii) the best angle of climb
The effect of wind and wind shear during the climb
(c) Descending:
Forces acting on a gyroplane during descent
Factors which vary the rate and angle of descent
The importance of lift/drag ratio during autorotation
and the effect of varying airspeed
B
B
B
B
A
B
B
C
B
B
B
B
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The effect of wind
(d) Turns:
Forces acting on a gyroplane during a turn
The relationship between:
angle of bank, airspeed and rate of turn
(e) Taxiing, Take-off and Landing:
The control of the gyroplane on the ground
The effect of rotor spin up for taxiing
The effect of rotor and propeller rotation, and
crosswind on directional control during take-off
The effect of varying rotor RPM and wind on the
length of take-off run required
The take-off technique to achieve optimum and
maximum performance
The landing technique to achieve optimum and
maximum performance
A
B
B
B
C
C
C
B
B
2
PERFORMANCE, OPERATION AND SYSTEMS — GYROPLANE
2.1
Gyroplane performance
(a) Airframe limitations:
Maximum permissible speed
Maximum operating speed
Speed for undercarriage extension
Speed for turbulent air
Maximum and minimum take-off weight
Loading stations
(b) Take-off and landing performance:
The effect on performance of pressure height and
temperature (i.e. density height), head or tail wind
components, surface conditions, rotor RPM, take-off
or landing distance available and weight of gyroplane
Practical use of performance charts published in
Aircraft Flight Manuals
Authorised landing area guidelines in CAAP 92-1
(c) In flight performance:
Consideration of airframe and engine characteristics
in operations throughout the flight envelope
2.2
Gyroplane Operation
(a) Administration:
The use and purpose of the following:
Maintenance release, engine and airframe log books,
Certificate of Airworthiness, Certificate of
Registration and Aircraft Flight Manual
Gyroplane classification
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C/PROC
PROC
B
PROC
B/PROC
Page 5 of 7 pages
The responsibilities of a pilot before accepting a
gyroplane for flight
The necessary action to be taken in the event of
unserviceability
(b) Ground operation:
Daily and pre-flight inspection of rotor system,
airframe and engine
Quality control and fire prevention during refuelling
Precautions to be taken during start, warm up, run up,
spin up and run down
Tie down procedures
(c) In-flight operation:
Use of boost, pitch, mixture and carburettor heat
controls
Power limitations
(d) Weight and balance:
The use of loading systems, charts and tables to
determine that a gyroplane is loaded safely and in
accordance with specified limitations
2.3
Gyroplane Systems:
Knowledge of systems particularly applicable to
gyroplanes:
(a) An understanding of rotor head designs,
characteristics and cyclic control system
(b) The understanding of rotor blade construction and
blade tracking requirements
(c) The layout and method of operation of the rotor spin
up system
B/PROC
B/PROC
B
B/PROC
B
B
C
C
C/PROC
B
C
C
Page 6 of 7 pages
APPENDIX II
GYROPLANE SYLLABUS (AERONAUTICAL SKILL) —
COMMERCIAL PILOT (GYROPLANE) LICENCE
An applicant for a commercial pilot (gyroplane) licence is required to complete
the following course of flying training whilst being the holder of a private pilot
(gyroplane) licence that is not subject to any condition that restricts the holder
to flying within a specified distance from an aerodrome.
For a flight to be credited as part of this course it must be conducted in
association with a licensed flying school and authorised and directed by a rated
flight instructor.
1
General flying (10 hours dual)
All normal and emergency manoeuvres applicable to the gyroplane to
be used in training.
2
Navigation (10 hours)
NAV 1. 3 hours in command under supervision. Preparation for
flight, departure procedure, position reporting procedure,
map reading, correction for track error, revision of ETA, use
of light aircraft lanes of entry, en route emergencies, entry
into controlled airspace and landing at a controlled airport.
This flight will consist of at least 3 separate legs.
NAV 2. 2 hours in command. Pilot to select own route for flight.
NAV 3. 2 hours in command under supervision. Exercise as in NAV
1.
NAV 4. 3 hours in command under supervision. This exercise may
be carried out in 2 separate parts each of not less than 1 hour
30 minutes duration. One of these parts shall be the flight
test for the issue of the licence and shall be conducted by
CASA. The flight shall simulate a charter flight to a
destination nominated by CASA.
Page 7 of 7 pages