Download 01. Interest in the study of the human body was first stimulated in

01. Interest in the study of the human body was first
stimulated in human beings by
A)
the need to stay healthy
B)
to help women in childbirth
C)
a concern with illness and injury
D)
dissatisfaction with supernatural
explanations of death
02. In the human body, the most complex level of
organization is the
A)
cell
B)
tissue
C)
organ
D)
organ system
03. ________ are described as groups or layers of
cells that have common functions.
A)
Organs
B)
Organisms
C)
Tissues
D)
Organ systems
04. The sum of all chemical reactions in the body is
A)
digestion
B)
metabolism
C)
assimilation
D)
growth
05. The self-initiated change in an organism's
position or travel from one place to another is
A)
responsiveness
B)
absorption
C)
circulation
D)
movement
06. Absorption occurs when
A)
nutrients move from the digestive
tract into the bloodstream
B)
energy is released from food
C)
nutrients are used to make new
chemical substances
D)
blood is pumped by the heart to
supply the muscles with oxygen
07. Removal of products not needed by the body is
A)
digestion
B)
absorption
C)
assimilation
D)
excretion
08. The most abundant chemical in the body is
A)
water
B)
oxygen
C)
glucose
D)
carbon dioxide
09. The rate at which chemical reactions take place
in the body is controlled by
A)
oxygen
B)
pressure
C)
heat
D)
available food
10. If the effectors that regulate body temperature
do not function correctly, which of the following will
not occur?
A)
skin sensors detect a change in
body temperature
B)
skin sensors report the information
to the temperature regulation center
C)
sweat glands increase perspiration
or shivering begins
D)
the brain compares actual body
temperature to normal body
temperature
11. In a healthy person, homeostasis means that
internal body conditions
A)
do not change or fluctuate
B)
change around the set point
C)
remain exactly at predetermined set
points
D)
change in response to changes in
the external environment
12. Choose the best example of positive feedback.
A)
When the heart rate increases
during exercise.
B)
Something that reinforces or
strengthens the original stimulus like
labor pains.
C)
Mechanisms are usually of long
duration.
D)
The dilation of surface blood vessels
when a person exercises on a hot
day.
13. In maintaining homeostasis, the feedback to the
control center is triggered by
A)
changes away from the set point
B)
the need to change the set point to
accommodate to the new condition
C)
immediately life threatening
conditions
D)
changes in the external environment
14. Which of the following is not a part of the
integumentary system?
A)
hair
B)
mediastinum
C)
skin
D)
sweat gland
15. The system that is mostly known for excretion is
A)
digestive system
B)
urinary system
C)
nervous system
D)
endocrine system
16. The spleen is located in the
A)
abdominal cavity
B)
pelvic cavity
C)
mediastinum
D)
thoracic cavity
17. The brachial region is found on the
A)
face
B)
neck
C)
arm
D)
leg
18. The shape of cells in the body vary based on
A)
maturity
B)
function
C)
location of reproduction
D)
ability to reproduce
19. The organelles are found in the
A)
cytoplasm of the cell
B)
nucleus of the cell
C)
cell membrane
D)
cytoplasm and nucleus
20. Which of the following statements about the cell
membrane in the bilayer model is incorrect?
A)
The membrane forms a boundary
around the cellular contents.
B)
The membrane allows some
substances to enter and leave the
cell but not others.
C)
The basic structure of the cell
membrane is a lipid-protein bilayer.
D)
The interior of the cell membrane
allows water-soluble substances to
pass through it.
21. Energy released from glucose and other
nutrients is made useful to cells by the
A)
endoplasmic reticulum
B)
Golgi apparatus
C)
mitochondria
D)
lysosomes
22. The "garbage disposals of the cell" are the
A)
endoplasmic reticulum
B)
centrosomes
C)
peroxisomes
D)
lysosomes
23. Which of the following will most likely not reach
equilibrium?
A)
diffusion
B)
facilitated diffusion
C)
active transport
D)
all will reach equilibrium
24. Which term best describes the function of
vesicles?
A)
protein synthesis
B)
energy production
C)
transport
D)
secretion
25. Thin, threadlike processes within the cytoplasm
that function in various kinds of cell movement are
A)
microfilaments and microtubules
B)
cilia and flagella
C)
centrioles
D)
vesicles
26. The nucleolus is a small, dense body
composed mainly of
A)
RNA and protein
B)
DNA
C)
invaginated cytoplasm
D)
chromatin
27. Chromatin fibers coil into rod-like structures
known as
A)
ribosomes
B)
lysosomes
C)
chromosomes
D)
DNA
28. Passive mechanisms that transport materials
across the cell membrane include all of the
following except
A)
diffusion
B)
filtration
C)
osmosis
D)
endocytosis
29. The mechanism in which molecules or ions
spread randomly from areas of higher
concentration to areas of lower concentration is
A)
filtration
B)
osmosis
C)
exocytosis
D)
diffusion
30. Which of the following substances can diffuse
readily through the cell membrane?
A)
sodium
B)
carbon dioxide
C)
glucose
D)
amino acids
31. Molecules such as glucose that are too large to
pass through the membrane pores and are
insoluble in lipids enter the cell from a high to low
concentration using
A)
active transport
B)
filtration
C)
endocytosis
D)
facilitated diffusion
32. The substance that moves through the cell
membrane during osmosis is
A)
glucose
B)
water
C)
sodium
D)
oxygen
33. Osmosis is a special case of
A)
filtration
B)
diffusion
C)
facilitated transport
D)
pinocytosis
34. When fluid is forced through a membrane by
hydrostatic or blood pressure, the mechanism is
called
A)
filtration
B)
facilitated diffusion
C)
controlled by electrically gated
channels
D)
hormone mediated
35. In the process of exocytosis
A)
white blood cells remove bacteria
from tissue
B)
fluid is brought into the cell
C)
substances are released by the cell
when ATP levels are sufficient
D)
receptors determine if a substance
will be taken into the cell
36. The process by which cells develop different
characteristics in structure and function is called
A)
maturation
B)
replication
C)
hybridization
D)
differentiation
37. Which of the following is not a characteristic of
cancer?
A)
hyperplasia
B)
differentiation
C)
metastasis
D)
invasiveness
38. Which of the following is not a function of bone?
A)
storage of inorganic salts
B)
provide shape, support, and
protection to body structures
C)
contain the structures that produce
red blood cells
D)
produce vitamin D cofactors
39. Which of the following elements is not normally
found in bone?
A)
magnesium
B)
lead
C)
carbonate ions
D)
potassium
40. All of the following can reduce the risk of
developing osteoporosis except
A)
performing weight-bearing exercise
on a regular basis
B)
avoiding medications containing
bisphosphonates
C)
consuming adequate daily amounts
of calcium and vitamin D
D)
avoiding smoking
41. The finger and toe bones are called
A)
tarsals
B)
carpals
C)
patellae
D)
phalanges
42. Bending a joint so that the angle between the
bones decreases is
A)
extension
B)
flexion
C)
dorsiflexion
D)
rotation
43. Choose the true statement regarding skeletal
muscle cells.
A)
Another term for a skeletal muscle
cell is myofibril.
B)
Each skeletal muscle cell has many
nuclei and mitochondria.
C)
The muscle cell membrane is called
the sarcoplasm.
D)
Skeletal muscle cells never extend
the full length of a muscle.
44. The connective tissue that surrounds entire
muscles is
A)
perimysium
B)
endomysium
C)
epimysium
D)
elastin
45. Choose the true statement regarding skeletal
muscle cells.
A)
Another term for a skeletal muscle
cell is muscle fiber.
B)
Each skeletal muscle cell has one
nuclei and mitochondria.
C)
The muscle cell membrane is called
the sarcoplasm.
D)
Skeletal muscle cells never extend
the full length of a muscle.
46. During high intensity exercise, muscle fibers
rely upon what process for energy?
A)
aerobic respiration
B)
increased metabolism of glucose
C)
anaerobic respiration
D)
increased blood supply
47. Muscle fatigue can be caused by all of the
following except
A)
lowering of pH due to lactic acid
build-up
B)
interruption of blood supply
C)
formation of a cramp
D)
lack of acetylcholine
48. Muscle tone refers to
A)
a state of sustained, partial
contraction of muscles that is
necessary to maintain posture
B)
a feeling of well-being following
exercise
C)
the ability of a muscle to maintain
contraction against an outside force
D)
the condition athletes attain after
intensive training
49. The primary flexor of the forearm is the
A)
internal oblique
B)
biceps brachii
C)
biceps femoris
D)
triceps brachii
50. The shoulder muscle that abducts the upper
arm and can both flex and extend the humerus is
the
A)
biceps brachii
B)
deltoid
C)
infraspinatus
D)
supraspinatus