Download 101 - BSNL Durg SSA(Connecting India)

Assignment Group- 2013/17/52
Batch- 2013/17 [11]
INDEX
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FTTx
Future of FTTH
PON a Simple view
Advantages of PON Based Networks
Types of PON
GEPON Overview
Fundamentals of GEPON
Comparison Of GEPON With Other Broadband Access
Technologies
FTTx TECHNOLOGY
FTTX is of 4 types:
•FTTP: Fiber To The Premises
 FTTH-Fiber To The Home
 FTTB-Fiber To The Building
•FTTB: Fiber To The Desktop
•FTTC: Fiber To The Curb
•FTTN: Fiber To The Node
FTTP
FTTC
FTTx
WHY CHOOSE FIBER?
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High Information Carrying Capacity
Less Attenuation
Greater Safety
Immunity to Radio Interferences
Electromagnetic Interferences
Higher Security
Less Temperature Sensitive
Small Size and Light weight
No Cross Talk
More Bandwidth – Thousands of Channels
FTTN
FTTD
THE FTTH ACCESS NETWORK – OLTS IN
THE CENTRAL OFFICE, ONUS IN CPES
FUTURE OF FTTH
 FTTH access networks will provide ample bandwidth for 5, 10
and even 20 years or more.
FTTH
can redefine performance parameters to support future
applications.
An example of this is support for Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation
or DBA.
FTTH will provide different bandwidth priorities to subscribers
so that different application service requirements can be supported.
For example, it may be critical for high-definition IP TV to have
priority download of a time-sequenced video frame and not so
critical for a user accessing email. All GPON suppliers must have
programmable DBA.
•In a PON system, a single fiber connects multiple customers
to a single transceiver at the central office (CO).
•The single fiber is split, using a Passive Optical Splitter, to
serve up to 32 customers.
• Not only does PON reduce the amount of fiber required, but
a single transceiver serves multiple customers instead of
requiring one per customer.
A Passive Optical Network (PON) is a point-to-multipoint, fiber to the
premises network architecture in which unpowered optical splitters are
used to enable a single optical fiber to serve multiple premises, typically
16-128.
Passive Optical Network facilitates another
(higher bandwidth) broadband access technology that competes with
and complements xDSL, cable modem and fixed wireless. With a PON,
optical fiber is deployed either all the way or almost all the way to the
end user (VDSL). It is called Passive Optical Network because:
Network only consists of passive light transmission components (fiber
links, splitters and couplers).
This creates great cost savings for the provider (more reliable and less
costly to operate/troubleshoot).
LINK DIAGRAM OF PON BASED NETWORK
PON TERMINOLOGY
Optical Distribution Network ODN –
An ODN realizes the
optical transmission from the OLT towards the users and vice versa. It utilizes
passive optical components.
Optical Line Termination OLT –
An OLT is the service
provider endpoint of a PON and is placed in a CO or head end
Optical Network Termination ONT –
An ONT is a device
that terminates the PON and presents native service interfaces to the user. An ONT
is typically located on the customer’s premises.
Optical Network Unit ONU –
An ONU is the PON-side half of
the ONT, terminating the PON, and may present one or more converged
interfaces, such as xDSL or Ethernet, toward the user. An ONU typically requires
a separate subscriber unit to provide native user services such as telephony,
Ethernet data, or video.
ADVANTAGES OF PON BASED NETWORK
Shared Infrastructure Translates To Lower Cost Per
Customer
 Minimal Number Of Optical Transceivers
Greenfield Per-customer Cost Similar To UTP
Passive Splitters Translate To Lower Cost
Can Be Installed Anywhere
No Power Needed
Essentially Unlimited MTBF
Fiber Data-rates Can Be Upgraded As Technology
Improves
• Initially 155 Mbps
• Then 622 Mbps
• Now 1.25 Gbps
• Soon 2.5 Gbps And Higher
TYPES OF PON
There are various types of PONs. The general technology is the same. The
differences are in the specifications and upper layer protocols.
APON :– ATM based PON uses ATM encapsulation of the transported
data.
BPON :– Broadband PON succeeded APON and also uses ATM
encapsulation. Supports superior features, higher speeds and was
standardized by the ITU-T.
EPON or GE-PON :– Ethernet PON uses Ethernet for data
encapsulation. Standardized by the IEEE in mid-2004.
GPON or Giga PON :– Gigabit PON uses a new Generic Encapsulation
Method (GEM) transport layer that supports ATM, Ethernet and TDM data
transport.
GPON 2,5GB
EPON
1,25GB
SPEED [MB/s]
1000
BPON 622MB
APON 155MB
100
1990
PON
54MB
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
YEARS
2002
2004
2006
2008
GEPON OVERVIEW
Gigabit Ethernet PON is an attractive FTTH broadband access
network technology because it meets the needs of carriers worldwide.
GE-PON has successfully demonstrated this
approach and is being deployed in high volume in Asia. It is an
access method transported by optical fiber, FTTx is a Point to
Multipoint Access Topology in which one central point can reach
from 32 to 128 premises. There are only two types of equipments the
OLT (central) and the ONT’s (in Customer Premises). It includes all
of the ingredients for market success –a consumer base that is eager
to adopt a much faster and more comprehensive set of high-speed
services.
FUNDAMENTALS OF GEPON INFRASTRUCTURE
OLT
OLT
OLT
Optical Line
Optical Line Terminal (OLT)
• Acts as the central aggregation element.
• Located in the Core Data Center.
• Replaces multiple L2 switches.
• Can aggregate thousands of end users.
FUNDAMENTALS OF GEPON INFRASTRUCTURE
ONT
ONT
ONT
Optical Line
Optical splitter
1:32
Passive Optical Network (PON)
• Completely passive infrastructure
• Single fiber (1:32)
carries multiple wavelengths
• 2.48 Gbps downstream
• 1.24 Gbps upstream
•Serve Remote Buildings Up to 20 Km
FUNDAMENTALS OF GEPON INFRASTRUCTURE
ONT
ONT
ONT
Optical Line
Optical Splitter
1:32
Passive Optical Splitter Feeding FDH
•Rack Mount or Cassette versions
• Splits single fiber up to 32 ways
• Can be located in the IDF/TR, under a raise floor, in a ceiling zone box, or in a
manhole.
• The further the splitter is extended to the desk,
the greater the savings in fiber infrastructure .
FUNDAMENTALS OF GEPON INFRASTRUCTURE
ONT
ONT
ONT
Optical Splitter
1:32
Optical Line
Optical Network Terminals (ONT)
• Terminates the fiber at the end user
• Provides Data, VoIP, IP Video services
• Some models also provide native POTS
• Desktop and MultiDesk Unit models
Edge Switches vs. Passive Fiber
Splitter
COMPARISON OF GEPON WITH OTHER BROAD BAND
ACCESS TECHOLOGIES
(DSL,VDSL, CABLE/MODEM)
ADVANTAGES
 Long-term life expectancy of the fiber infrastructure
 Lower operating costs through the reduction of “active
components”
 Support for greater distances between equipment nodes
 Much greater bandwidth
 DSL-certain megabits per sec
 FTTH Technology-PON based Network speed ranges
from 1.0 to 2.5Gbps
Since GEPON uses only passive components and
therefore:
 It has low power requirements
 Less no of technicians
 Cost savings upto 40-60%
 Savings mainly result from lower customer
contacts associated with service orders and trouble
reporting, outside plant operations, central office
operations, and network operations.
 It provides high bandwidth for Hi-Speed Internet
Access, Video On Demand, IPTV and Voice Over IP
(VoIP) .