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BOARD REVIEW IRENE GOLD 2000
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BIOCHEMISTRY
VIT K = SYNTHESIZED IN LIVER AND STORED THERE, PROTHROMBIN, < PROTHROMBIN
TIME 1.
INCREASED.
RATE LIMITING ENZYME = PENTOSE PHOSPHATE PATHWAY (OR HEXOSE
MONOPHOSPHATE 2.
SHUNT)
GLUCOSE 6 PHOSPHATE - THIS IS NEEDED TO FORM, LONG CHAIN FATTY ACIDS AND 3.
NUCLEIC ACIDS
NEEDS NADPH (Fatty Acid), RIBOSE 5 PHOSPHATE (Nucleic Acid) 4.
RIBOSE = PENTOSE PHOSPHATE PATHWAY 5.
V MAX = KM (VELOCITY TO MAXIMUM) 6.
BETA 1,4, BONDS = LACTOSE = DISACCHARIDE 7.
CHO = MONOSACHARIDE – GLUCOSE, GALACTOSE, FRUCTOSE 8.
CHO = DISACCHARIDE – FRUCTOSE + GLUCOSE = SUCROSE, GALACTOSE + GLUCOSE = 9.
LACTOSE, GLUCOSE + GLUCOSE = MALTOSE
CHO = POLYSACCHARIDE = STARCH – GLYCOGEN = AMYLOSE 10.
AMYLASE = BREAKS DOWN POLYSACCHARIDE 11.
PLYLAIN = IS AMYLASE IN THE MOUTH 12.
PANCREATIC ENZYMES = BREAKDOWN TO MONOSACCHARIDES 13.
PARASYMPATHETIC = INSULIN = OPPOSITE EPINEPHRINE, CORTISOL, GLUCAGON 14.
SYMPATHETIC = EPINEPHRINE, CORTISOL, GLUCAGON 15.
LIPOLYSIS = EPINEPHRINE = GLYCOGENOLYSIS 16.
ANAEROBIC = WITHOUT OXYGEN 17.
AEROBIC = WITH OXYGEN 18.
GLYCOLYSIS = INSULIN-„³ INTO CELL „³ CO FACTOR CHROMIUM 19.
GLUCOSE 6 PHOSPHATE (STORED) = IN THE LIVER 20.
ANAEROBIC -„³ LACTATE (LIFTING) = 2 ATP ’S 21.
AEROBIC -„³ PYRUVATE (RUNNING) = 38 GROSS, 36 NET ATP ’S (LOSE TWO IN PROCESS)
22.
PYRIMIDINE = ADENINE, GUANINE, THYMINE 23.
DNA DNA RNA RNA
PURINE PYRIMIDINE PURINE PYRIMIDINE
A T A URACIL
GCGC
5 1 AGATT3 1 3 1 TCTAA5 1 OPPOSITE EACH
OTHER
PVT TIM HALL = PHENYLALANINE, VALINE, TYROSINE, THREONINE, ISOLUCENE, 24.
METHIONINE, HISTAMINE, ALANINE, LINOLEIC, LINOLINIC
PROTEIN = AMINO ACID – GI, DI-PEPTIDE, POLY-PEPTIDE 25.
AMINO ACID = ESSENTIAL, NON-ESSENTIAL 26.
ESSENTIAL = PHENYLALANINE „³ TYROSINE -„³ L-DOPA „³DOPAMINE „³EPINEPHRINE, NOR27.
EPINEPHRINE
TRYPTOPHAN „³ SEROTONIN (SLEEP) = NIACIN is co factor 28.
AROMATIC = PHENYLALANINE (E), TRYPTOPHAN (E), TYROSINE (NE) 29.
SECONDARY STRUCTURES = PROTEIN – 4 STRUCTURES 30.
-PRIMARY = AMINO ACID
-SECONDARY = ALPHA HELIX IN BETA PLEATED SHEETS
-TERTIARY = HYDROGEN (DNA)
-QUATERNARY = GLOBULAR, MY OGLOBIN, HEMOGLOBIN
CARRIES MOST CHOLESTEROL – LDL = LOW LIPOPROTEIN, HDL = HIGH PROTEIN LOW
31.
CHOLESTEROL
BILIRUBIN (FORMED IN LIVER = DEGRADATION OF RBC HEME (JAUNDICE) 32.
ALBUMIN = MOST COMMON PROTEIN IN BODY 33.
BOARD REVIEW IRENE GOLD 2000
GLOBULIN = 2 ND MOST COMMON PROTEIN IN THE BODY 34.
UREA CYCLE = (ARCO)„³ NITROGEN BREAKDOWN = AMINO ACID, AMMONIA 35.
ARGANINE
-CITROLINE -ORNATHINE
-TAKES
PLACE IN THE LIVER -DOES
NOT EFFECT VMAX = ADDITION OF A COMPETITIVE INHIBITOR 36.
TRANSFER FATTY ACID-„³ MITOCHONDRIA „³BETA-OXIDATION „³ACETYL COA „³KREBS
37.
CYCLE
KETONES = ACETONE, ACETOACITATE, BETA-HYDROXY-BUTARATE FROM –
TRIGLYCERIDE- 38.
GLYCERAL-3FA-BETA-OXIDATION-ACTYL COA (LOW INSULIN LEVELS)
GLYCOLYSIS – CYTOSOL, CYTOPLASM = CITRATE „³KREBS CYCLE „³BETA- 39.
OXIDATION „³MITOCHONDRIA „³CARNITINE „³(TRANSPORTER OF CARBS)
INCREASED FOLIC ACID INTAKE = MACROCYTIC MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA 40.
B12 DEFICIENCY = MACROCYTIC MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA – PERNICIOUS ANEMIA 41.
COMBINED SYSTEM DZ OR PLS = IRREVERSIBLE DEGENERATION OF POSTERIOR
COLUMNS 42.
(B12)
B12 DEFICIENCY = ALCOHOLISM – PARIETAL CELLS (- HCL, -INTRINSIC FACTOR) 43.
INTRINSIC FACTOR = ABSORBED IN DISTAL ILIUM -INJECT
B12 TO REPLACE (BYPASS GI SYSTEM) -POSTERIOR
COLUMNS = FACICULIS GRACILUS (LOWER LIMB), FACICULIS CUNEATUS (UPPER 44.
LIMB)
SPINAL CORD INFO -PROPRIOCEPTION -2
POINT DISCRIMINATION -VIBRATION -POSITION
SENSE
-GRAPHESTHESIA -STEREOGNOSIS -FATTY ACID BIOSYNTHESIS TRANSFERS CARBON
TO MITOCHONDRIA =
CITRATE 45.
NUCLEOTIDE = BASE + SUGAR + PHOSPHATE 46.
NUCLEOCIDE = BASE + SUGAR 47.
LOOK UP DRAWING OF KREBS CYCLE (ATP ’S, ADP ’s, OXACETYLACETATE) 48.
PYRUVATE „³ LACTATE = LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE 49.
IRON DEFICEINCY = EFFECTS NAILS, MICROCYTIC 50.
ENZYME LOWER THE ACTIVATION OF ENERGY 51.
RNA STRAND = 3 1 CUG5 1 52.
VITAMINS ARE CO-FACTORS OF ENZYMES = BIOTIN 53.
CARBOXYLASE = ADD A CARBON 54.
DECARBOXYLASE = REMOVE A CARBON 55.
HYDROGENASE = HYDROGEN (REDUCTION) 56.
DEHYDROGENASE = REMOVE A H+ (OXIDASE) 57.
B1 = THIAMIN = BIOTIN 58.
NADPH + FADH = CAN GIVE UP A HYDROGEN, BECOMES NAD & FAD 59.
KINASE = ADD A PHOSPHATE = CO-FACTOR- MAGNESIUM 60.
TRANSAMINASE = B6 PYRIDOXINE 61.
ESSENTIAL FATTY ACID – LINOLEIC, ARACHIDONIC, LINOLINIC 62.
LONG CHAIN FATTY ACID = NADPH 63.
VITAMIN B1 „` - THIAMIN „` = BERI BERI (DEGENERATION OF WHITE MATTER) 64.
MALATE = 65.
MICHAELIS MENTO RX = 66.
„` HMG COA =
CHO SYNTHESIS 67.
APOENZYME OF A HALOENZYME = PROTEIN 68.
LETHAL IN HIGH DOSE = VITAMIN D 69.
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BOARD REVIEW IRENE GOLD 2000
VITAMIN D = ACTIVATED IN SKIN, LIVER, KIDNEY 70.
DOES NOT CONTAIN ACID OR BASE = CITRATE 71.
PROSTAGLANDINS – ARACHIDONIC ACID aka ECOSINOIDS 72.
SECONDARY = HYDROGEN BONDS 73.
TRIGLYCEROL = ESTER BONDS 74.
GLUCOSE „³ 2 LACTATE = 2 ATP, ONAPH 75.
INTRAMITOCHONDRIAL SPACE IS MORE ACIDIC 76.
„^ CHOLESTEROL, INHIBITS = HMG COA REDUCTASE 77.
TRANSCRIPTION „³ DNA „³mRNA 78.
FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS „³MALYNAL COA 79.
NIACIN – B3 – NADH (TRYPTOPHAN) 80.
GALACTOSE (STRUCTURE) LOOK AT PICTURE 81.
GLYCOGENOSIS = UDP 82.
UDP = URACIL DI PHOSPHATE 83.
END OF CHEMISTRY
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BOARD REVIEW IRENE GOLD 2000
PHYSIOLOGY
RAPIDLY ADAPTING RECEPTORS = PACINIAN CORPUSCLES 1.
SMALLEST RESPIRATORY VOLUME = TIDAL VOLUME 2.
LUNG VOLUME REMAIN = RESIDUAL 3.
PO 2 DETECTED BY = CHEMORECEPTORS OF CAROTID BODY 4.
SPERM PRODUCTION = FSH 5.
PROGESTERONE = UTERINE PREP FOR IMPLANT 6.
REABSORBTION OF NA+ = ALDOSTERONE 7.
RENIN – CONVERTS ANGIOTENSON TO ANGIOTENSIN 8.
INCREASED THIRST OSMOLARITY OF CELLS 9.
FUNCTION OF MONOCYTE = ANTIGEN PRESENTING 10.
INSULIN – INHIBITS FAT STORAGE 11.
ENTEROKINASE – TRYPSINOGEN 12.
GLUCOSE – PCT STORAGE 13.
INTERSTITIAL CELLS OF LEYDIG = STIM FSH, SECRET TESTOSTERONE 14.
INTERSTITIAL CELL STIMULATING HORMONE = LH 15.
PARATHYROID HORMONE = CA+ RELEASE 16.
GFR PROMOTION = HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE OF GLOMERULAR CAPILLARIES 17.
ACID BASE BALANCE REGULATOR = KIDNEYS 18.
SALTITORY CONDUCTION – MYLENATED 19.
HYPERPOLARIZATION OF NERVE =
RESISTANCE TO FIRING 20.
ADEMA = INCREASED VENOUS PRESSURE 21.
MYOSIN FIBERS = H BAND 22.
ANGIOTENSIN II – ALDOSTERONE 23.
MOST ABUNDANT ION IN CELL = K+ (POTASSIUM) 24.
RESTING NERVE CELL = K+ 25.
MEMBRANE POTENTIAL = HYPERPOLARIZED 26.
HYPERVENTILATION = RESP. ALKALOSIS 27.
INHIBIN = INHIBITS LH 28.
CHEMORECEPTORS = SODIUM 29.
CENTRAL CHEMORECEPTORS =
PCO2 PO2 30.
MAX EXPIRATION/MAX INSPIRATION = VIDAL CAPACITY 31.
CHRONIC LIVER DAMAGE EFFECT = LIPIDS 32.
MAJOR FUNCTION OF KIDNEYS = URINE PRODUCTION 33.
CORPUS LUTEUM = LH 34.
PANCREAS SECRETES = SOMATOSTATIN,
INSULIN AND GASTRIN 35.
SOMATOTROPIN = GROWTH HORMONE 36.
SECRETIN = BI CARB 37.
MS EXERCISE = 38.
ISOTONIC = FORCED CONSTANT LENGTH CHANGES -ECCENTRIC
= LENGTHENING -CONCENTRIC
= LENGTHENS / RESISTS -ISOMETRIC
= NO CHANGE DURING CONTRACTION -1
ST AUDIBLE SOUND IN DIASTOLIC = CLOSURE OF SEMI LUNAR VALVE 39.
PRODUCED IN DUODENUM = CHOLECYSTOKINASE (STIM. PANCREATIC ENZYMES = 40.
GASTRIN, HISTAMINE)
SALITORY = ACTION POTENTIAL CAN OCCUR ONLY AT THE NODES OF RANVIER 41.
LOCATION OF MICROVILLI IN KIDNEY =PCT 42.
MOST ABUNDANT IMMUNOGLOBIN = IgG 43.
CROSSES PLACENTA = IgG 44.
IgE = ALLERGY -IgA
= SECRETIONS -IgM
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BOARD REVIEW IRENE GOLD 2000
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= LARGEST, BLOOD TYPING -FOLLICULAR
HORMONE = PROLIFERATION PHASE OF CYCLE 45.
ANTICOAGULANT = HEPARIN 46.
SA NODE CONDUCTION OCCURS DUE TO = SLOW CA+ CHANNELS 47.
ZONE THAT DOES NOT CHANGE = A BAND 48.
DISAPPEARS WITH MS CONTRACTION = H BAND 49.
PREVENTS BINDING OF MYOSIN/ACTIN = TROPOMYOSIN 50.
WHICH PARTS OF MYOSIN BIND WITH ACTIN = HEAD 51.
BINDS WITH CA+ = TROPONIN 52.
WHAT CAUSES ASCENDING LIMB OF ACTION POTENTIALS = CA+ 53.
ADH EFFECT ON KIDNEY = COLLECTING DUCTS 54.
ASCITES =
ONCOTIC PRESSURE 55.
INDIGESTIBLE FIBER = CELLULOSE 56.
BRIGHT LIGHTS = HYPERPOLARIZED RODS/DEPOLARIZED GANGLION 57.
PULMONARY SURFACTANT =
SURFACE TENSION 58.
„^ INTRATHORACIC PRESSURE = INSPIRATION (RFQ) 59.
AIR BETWEEN PLEURAL SPACE = PNUEMOTHORAX 60.
AXONS OF ORGAN OF CORTI SYNAPSE = SPINAL GANGLION 61.
ANTERIOR FONTANEL = BREGMA IN ADULT 62.
CELLS SECRETE GLUCAGON = ALPHA CELLS 63.
PITUITARY HORMONE = SOMATOTROPIN 64.
STARLINGS LAW = END DIASTOLIC VOLUME 65.
ACETYL COA EFFECTS = MUCARINIC & NICOTINIC RECEPTORS 66.
HIGH ALTITUDE EFFECT =
RBC ’S PRODUCTION 67.
CLOTTING = VITAMIN K 68.
DIABETES MALLIATIS = METABOLIC ACIDOSIS 69.
RESP. FOR PAIN = FREE NERVE ENDINGS 70.
MOST RAPIDLY ADAPTING RECEPTORS = PACINIAN CORPUSCLES 71.
SMALLEST RESP. VALUE = TIDAL VOLUME 72.
LUNG VOLUME INCREASES WITH AGE = RESIDUAL VOLUME 73.
PARTIAL PRESSURE O2 DETECTED = CHEMOSENSITIVE AREAS OF THE CAROTID BODY
74.
ORIGIN OF GLANDULAR HYPOPHYSIS = ORAL ECTODERM 75.
NEURAL ECTODERM = POST. PITUITARY 76.
CAUSE MENTAL RETARDATION DURING 1 ST YEAR OF LIFE = LACK OF THYROID 77.
HORMONE
HOW MANY PARATHYROID GLANDS IN HEALTHY ADULT = 4 78.
HORMONE STIM. SPERM PRODUCTION = FSH 79.
DERIVED FROM ZONA GLOMERULOSA = ALDOSTERONE 80.
CAUSES REABSORBTION OF NA+ IN DCT = ALDOSTERONE 81.
ACTION OF MYENTERIC PLEXUS = PERISTALSIS 82.
S1 SOUND REPRESENTS WHICH = CLOSURE OF THE AV VALVES 83.
PURPOSE OF AV NODE IN HEART = DELAY THE IMPULSE IN THE HEART 84.
LOCATION OF AV NODE = WITHIN THE RIGHT ATRIUM POSTERIOR TO TRICUSPID VALVE
85.
DURING EXERCISE. AN INCREASE IN MS MASS OCCURS DUE TO = INCREASED IN ACTIN
86.
AND MYOSIN FILAMENTS IN EACH MS FIBER
SHORTER REFRACTORY PERIOD = ATRIUM 87.
HEART SOUND AT 5 TH MID CLAVICULAR LINE IS = MITRAL VALVE 88.
MECHANISMS WHERE AMINO ACIDS ARE ABSORBED INTO THE INTESTINAL SYSTEM =
89.
FACILITATED DIFFUSION
LOCATION OF TRICUSPID VALVE IS = RIGHT ATRIUM AND RIGHT VENTRICLE 90.
BOARD REVIEW IRENE GOLD 2000
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TIME IN THE CARDIAC CYCLE DOES THE VENTRICLE RISE TO 80MMHG = EJECTION 91.
PRECURSOR TO PHOTOSENSITIVE CELLS OF THE EYE = RETINAL 92.
ISOTONIC CONTRACTION THESE SHORTEN AND DISAPPEAR = H BAND 93.
VPM NUCLEUS OF THE THALAMUS SYNAPSES ON WHICH = POSTCENTRAL GYRUS 94.
DOES NOT EXTENT TO THALAMUS = OLFACTION 95.
NA+ IS A CO TRANSPORT FOR = GLUCOSE 96.
FROM REST TO EXERCISE – LEAST TO INCREASE = STROKE VOLUME 97.
STROKE VOLUME X HEART RATE = CARDIAC OUTPUT 98.
UPRIGHT POSITION AN ADULT UTILIZES = LOWER PORTION OF THE LUNG 99.
DIFFERENT THEN CARDIAC ACTION POTENTIALS AND SKELETAL ACTION 100.
POTENTIALS = MORE POTASSIUM IN THE RESTING MEMBRANE
CAUSES INCREASED THIRST = INCREASED EXTRACELLULAR FLUID OSMOLARITY 101.
TWO STRAP MS HAVE SAME CROSS SECRETION, ONE IS SHOT, ONE IS LONG = EQUAL,
102.
GREATER
TRANSMITTED BY DORSAL COLUMNS, MEDIAL LEMINISCUS PATHWAY = VIBRATION
103.
FUNCTION OF MONOCYTE = ANTIGEN PRESENTING 104.
WBC WITH HIGHER CONCENTRATION IN BLOOD STREAM UNDER NORMAL 105.
CIRCUMSTANCES = NEUTROPHILS
INTERVAL BETWEEN SINOATRIAL STIM. AND VENTRICULAR DEPOLARIZATION = PQ
106.
REASON FOR SLOWING DOWN OF IMPULSES FOR AV NODE = THIN FIBERS 107.
MELATONIN IS DERIVED FROM WHICH GLANDS = PINEAL GLAND 108.
BLOCKS BINDING SITES PREVENTING CROSS BRIDGE FORMATION = TROPOMYOSIN
109.
CORPUS LUTEUM = PRODUCTION OF ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE 110.
EFFERENT ARTERIOLE JOINS THIS AFTER LEAVING GLOMERULUS = PERTUBULAR 111.
CAPILLARIES
BILE SALTS ARE REABSORBED INTO THE BODY VIA = PORTAL VENOUS SYSTEM 112.
HAS HIGHEST CHOLESTEROL = LDL 113.
SMALL CHAIN F.A. ARE ABSORBED VIA = DIRECTLY THROUGH THE PORTAL VEIN 114.
TEMPORAL SUMMATION CAN BEST BE DESCRIBED BY = SUCCESSIVE POSTSYNAPTIC
115.
POTENTIALS CAUSED BY DISCHARGE FROM A SINGLE PRESYNAPTIC OCCURRING
RAPIDLY
EXCESS OR INSUFFICIENT??? 116.
DECREASE IN LYMPHATIC FLOW = INCREASE I PLASMA COLLOIDAL OSMOTIC
PRESSURE 117.
CHIEF CELLS = PEPSINOGEN 118.
MICROVILLI IN KIDNEY = PCT 119.
NEURON PERMEABILITY OF NA+ IS GREATEST AT = DEPOLARIZATION DURING AN 120.
ACTION
STIMULATES BREAKDOWN OF GLYCOGEN IN THE LIVER = GLUCAGON 121.
CAUSES INHIBITION OF HORMONE SENSITIVE LIPASE AND RESULTS IN FAT STORAGE
122.
IN ADIPOSE = INSULIN
ANTERIOR PITUITARY PRODUCES = THYROID STIMULATION HORMONE 123.
ENTERO KINASE IS RESPONSIBLE FOR = TRYPSINOGEN 124.
SERTOLI CELLS PRODUCE = ANDROGEN BINDING PROTEIN 125.
MAJORITY OF GLUCOSE IS REABSORBED IN WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ARTERIES =
126.
PCT
CRANIAL NERVE PARTIALLY INVOLVED IN SWALLOWING = IX 127.
V = MEDIATES MS OF MASTICATION 128.
DETERMINANT IN PROMOTING GLOMERULAR FORMATION = CAPILLARIES 129.
BOARD REVIEW IRENE GOLD 2000
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LOWEST RENAL FILTRATION FRACTION FOR GLUCOSE = HYPOGLYCEMIA 130.
MAJORITY OF CHOLESTEROL IN BODY = LDL 131.
IgE = ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK 132.
UREA COMES FROM BREAKDOWN OF WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING = PURINES 133.
BREAKDOWN OF PROTEIN 1 ST = STOMACH 134.
BRAINSTEM DOES NOT CONTROL = FINE HAND MOVEMENTS 135.
HIGHEST IN ATMOSPHERE = NITROGEN 136.
MAJORITY OF CHLORIDE ABSORBED IN THE KIDNEY = PCT 137.
ELEVATION OF CARBON MONOXIDE WILL SHIFT THE HEMOGLOBIN DISSOCIATION =
138.
TO THE LEFT
REGULATOR OF ACID BASE VOLUME = MOST POWERFUL IS KIDNEY 139.
SALTITORY CONDUCTION = MYELINATED FIBERS 140.
HYPERPOLARIZATION = INCREASES RESISTANCE TO FIRING 141.
ALLOWS HEART TO FUNCTION AS A SYNCYTIUM = INTERCALATED DISCS 142.
HOW DOES NA+ PASS THROUGH ION CHANNEL = SODIUM POTASSIUM PUMP 143.
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MICRO
FRANCELLA TULARINE = RABBIT (CUT) 1.
MOST COMMON IN BURN VICTIMS = P. AERUGINOSA 2.
WORK GROUP MOST COMMON FATALITY = FARMERS 3.
SALMONELLA = EGGS/POULTRY 4.
TOXOPLASMOSIS = FELINE FECES 5.
SYNTHESIZED BY FETUS = IgM 6.
OPSONIN = STIMULATES PHAGOCYTOSIS 7.
AGGLUTINATION = CLUMPING 8.
ANTI TOXIN = NEUTRALIZES A TOXIN 9.
OSTEOMYOLITIS = STAPH AUREUS 10.
MOST COMMON FOOD BORN DZ = CAMPHOLOBACTER (Gram- Rod) 11.
PRIMARY CAUSE OF OZONE POLLUTION = CARBON MONOXIDE 12.
INJECTION OF ANTIGEN = ARTIFICIAL ACTIVE IMMUNITY 13.
ACID FAST = MYCOBACTERIUM 14.
BRUCELLA abortus = ABORTION IN CATTLE 15.
ADVANTAGE OF PASSIVE ACQUIRED IMMUNITY = RAPID AVAILABLE PROTECTION 16.
RELEASE IL-II = T-HELPER CELLS 17.
COAGULASE + = STAPH AUREUS 18.
LACK CELL WALL = MYCOPLASMA 19.
MYCOBACTERIUM = TB 20.
KLEBSIELLA = GRAM –NEG. 21.
TYPE I HYPERSENSITIVITY = IgE (ALLERGIC) 22.
GI MUCOSA = IgA (SECRETIONS) 23.
VACCINE FOR TB = BOVIS LIVE ATTENUATED 24.
CAUSE DYSENTERY IN HUMANS = ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA 25.
GAS GANGRENE = C. PERFRINGENS 26.
C. TETANI = TETANUS 27.
ELISA TEST = AIDS 28.
TYNE TEST = TB 29.
OTITIS MEDIA = H. INFLUENZA 30.
SALK VACCINE = INACTIVE POLIO 31.
TOXIN „` ACH AT MYONEURO JX = BOTULISM 32.
FUNGAL INFECTION OF LUNG = HISTOPLASMOSIS COCCIDIOMYCOSIS 33.
PARASITE = ENTEROAMOEBIUS VERMICULARIS 34.
PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DZ (PID)= N. GONORRHEA 35.
URINARY TRACT INFECTION = E. COLI 36.
FOOD PROCESS DECLINE = PROPER COOKING 37.
PROTOZOAN/AIDS PATIENTS = TOXOPLASMOSIS 38.
MOST COMMON HOOKWORM IN THE US = NECATOR AMERICANS 39.
SHISTOSOMA = BLOOD FLUKE 40.
MOST COMMON FOOD POISONING = STAPH AUREUS 41.
„` RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS = IgA SECRETORY 42.
CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY = T CELLS (TYPE IV) 43.
MENTAL RETARDATION = CMV 44.
BIRD DROPPINGS = PSITTACOSIS 45.
AIR POLLUTION OF BURNING COAL = SULFUR DIOXIDE 46.
MECHANISM OF TETANUS ANTI TOXIN = PREVENTS TOXIN FROM WORKING ON ACETYL
47.
CHOLINESTERASE
MEDIA TO CULTIVATE A VIRUS = TISSUE CULTURE 48.
STAPH/STREP DIFFERENCE = CATALASE 49.
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MOST COMMON CAUSE OF FARMING DEATHS = TRACTOR ROLLOVER 50.
UV LIGHT = PYRIMIDINE DIMER FORM OF DNA 51.
RICKETTSIA MOST COMMON CAUSE OF = ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER 52.
KLEBSIELLA BRUNETTE = Q FEVER 53.
SPOROTHRIX SCHENCHI = HANDS 54.
GRAPE LIKE CLUSTER GRAM + = STAPH 55.
CAUSE OF PANDEMIC SPREAD = ANTIGENIC SHIFT 56.
EPIDEMIC TYPHUS = R. PROWAZKI 57.
ENDEMIC TYPHUS = R. MOOSERI 58.
R. QUINTANA = 59.
COLIFORM COUNT = WATER TEST 60.
PHOSPHATASE = BACTERIAL COUNT IN MILK 61.
OVERALL CONTAMINATION IN H2O = O2 DEMAND 62.
MOST MUTAGENIC ORGANISM = VIRUS 63.
FUNGUS YELLOW IN COLOR = ASPERGILLUS FLAVUM 64.
MACROPHAGE PRODUCE = IL-1 65.
HAPTEN = 1/2 A PEPTIDE 66.
OPSONIZATION = C3B 67.
WALK IN FECAL MATTER = NECATOR AMERICANS 68.
TAENIA SOLIUM = PROGLOTTIDS 69.
YELLOW DISCHARGE FROM PENIS = N. GONORRHEA 70.
TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS = COOK PORK WELL 71.
HIV = CD4 RECEPTOR 72.
FORMS PLASMA CELLS = B-LYMPHOCYTES 73.
CONVERTS INTO MACROPHAGE = MONOCYTE 74.
NO PRIOR EXPOSURE = NATURAL KILLER CELLS 75.
MOST COMMON CAUSE OF DENTAL CARRIES = S. MUTANS (FLUORIDE PREVENTION) 76.
MULTI DRUG RESISTANT = TB 77.
INFANTS VACCINATED TO PREVENT MENINGITIS 78.
= N. GONORRHEA
NEWBORN IMMUNITY = PASSIVE NATURAL 79.
WEILS DZ CAUSE = LEPTOSPIRA INTEROGANS 80.
MOST COMMON FORM OF MALARIA = FEMALE ANOPHELES MOSQUITO 81.
AIDES EGYPT MOSQUITO = YELLOW FEVER 82.
Q FEVER = MILK NOT A VECTOR 83.
TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME IS CAUSED BY = STAPH AUREUS 84.
CLUSTER OF WORMS = ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES 85.
SPREAD IN DAY CARE CENTER = E. VERMICULARIS 86.
GRAY PSEUDOMEMBRANE = CORNYBACTERIUM DIPHTHERIA 87.
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PATHOLOGY
M0VEMENT OF WBC ’S IN RESP. TO CONCENTRATION GRADIENT = CHEMOTAXIS* 1.
DIAPEDIS = AMEOBOID MOVEMENT OF WBC ’S 2.
PAVEMENTING = WBC ’S ADHERE TO CAPILLARY WALL 3.
HISTAMINE = 4.
OSGOOD SCHLATTERS DZ = TIBIAL TUBEROSITY 5.
ERYTHROBLASTOSIS FETALIS = IgG* 6.
ATROPHY OF INTESTINAL VILLI = CELIAC SPRUE 7.
MOST COMMON MALIGNANT TUMOR IN THE INTESTINE = ADENOCARCINOMA 8.
PERNICIOUS ANEMIA DUE TO = INTRINSIC FACTOR 9.
TWISTING OF ORGAN = VOLVULUS 10.
MECKELS DIVERTICULUM = BLIND SAC 11.
CEREBRAL INFARCT = LIQUEFACTIVE NECROSIS 12.
ACROMEGALLY IN ADULT = HYPERPITUATARISM 13.
RAYNAUDS DZ = DIGITAL VASOSPASM 14.
FORM OF SHOCK SEEN IN BURN VICTIMS = HYPOVOLEMIC 15.
NECROSIS OF PANCREAS = ENZYMATIC FAT 16.
HISTAMINE PRODUCTION = MAST CELL 17.
OPSONINS = PHAGOCYTOSIS 18.
SMALL AND MEDIUM ARTERIES OF KIDNEYS EFFECTED = SLE 19.
TAKAYASU ’S ARTERITIS = INFLAMMATION OF THE AORTA (1 OR MORE) 20.
„^ SECRETION OF ANT. PITUITARY GLAND BEFORE CLOSURE OF EPIPHYSEAL PLATES
= 21.
GIGANTISM
CONN ’S SYNDROME = PRIMARY HYPERALDOSTERONISM 22.
MOST COMMON OF PULMONARY EMBOLISM = DEEP VEIN OF LOWER EXTREMITY 23.
IMMUNOGLOBIN IN TYPE II HYPERSENSITIVITY = IgG 24.
SUBLUXATION OF LENS, ARACNODACTALY AND HEART DEFECTS = MARFAN ’S 25.
SYNDROME
PRESENCE OF 45X KAROTYPE = TURNERS SYNDROME (LACK OF SEXUAL MATURATION)
26.
VITAMIN FOR WOUND HEALING = C 27.
DIFFUSE PROGRESSIVE PROLIFERATIVE SYNOVITIS = RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS 28.
MYONEURAL JX EFFECTED = MYASTHENIA GRAVIS 29.
KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS AND XEROSTOMA = SJOGRENS SYNDROME 30.
FELTY ’S SYNDROME = CHRONIC RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS 31.
TYPE OF DZ ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS = AUTOIMMUNE ,TEST HLA-B27 32.
TRANSECTION OF NERVE LEADS TO _______ DEGENERATION = WALLERIAN 33.
ZENKER ’S = DEGENERATION OF SKELETAL MS IN ACUTE INFECTIOUS DZ 34.
T-HELPER CELLS TYPE RX = TYPE IV 35.
TUMOR OF SKELETAL MS = RHABDOMYOMA 36.
VITAMIN „` ASSOCIATED WITH DEMENTIA, DIARRHEA, DEHYDRATION = NIACIN 37.
SECONDARY PHASE OF SYPHILIS = MACULOPAPPULAR RASH 38.
PART OF NERVOUS SYSTEM EFFECTED IN PARKINSON ’S DZ = SUBSTANTIA NIGRA 39.
PATHONEUMONIC OF PARKINSON ’S DZ = LEWY BODIES 40.
PATHONEUMONIC OF RHEUMATIC FEVER = ASCHOFF BODIES 41.
DEMYLINATION OF PERIPHERAL NERVES = GUILLEN BARRE SYNDROME 42.
PANNUS FORMATION = RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS 43.
DOES NOT CAUSE PAIN IN DZ = INTERLEUKIN 44.
HYPOTHYROIDISM = CRETINISM 45.
MOST DOMINANT WBC IN BACTERIAL INFECTION = NEUTROPHIL 46.
KLEINFELTERS SYNDROME = TESTICULAR DYSGENESIS 47.
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MOST COMMON CAUSE OF CIRRHOSIS OF THE LIVER = CHRONIC ALCOHOLISM 48.
MOST COMMON CAUSE OF FUNGUS INFECTION IN AIDS PTS. = PNEUMOCYSTIS CARINII
49.
CAUSE OF PAPILLEDEMA = INTRACRANIAL TUMOR 50.
MOST SERIOUS CONGENITAL ANOMALY = MENINGIOMYELOCELE 51.
PERIKARYON WHEN AXON IS SEVERED = CHROMATOLYSIS 52.
CHROMATOLYSIS = DISSOLUTION OF NISSL BODIES 53.
NEUROSIS IS A SEQUELAE OF ANOXIA TO THE HEART = COAGULATIVE 54.
COMPLICATIONS OF MITRAL VALVE STENOSIS = LT. ATRIAL HYPERTROPHY 55.
MOST COMMON TYPE OF THYROID CANCER = PAPILLARY CARCINOMA 56.
COMMON HISTOLOGIC PATTERN TO PROSTATE CANCER = ADENOCARCINOMA 57.
MITOTIC FIGURES ARE SEEN IN = NEOPLASIA 58.
HERNIATION OF BRAIN STEM AND CB THROUGH FORAMEN MAGNUM = ARNOLDCHAIRI 59.
MALFORMATION
TURNERS SYNDROME = XO 60.
MOST COMMON LOCATION OF PEPTIC ULCER = PROXIMAL DUODENUM 61.
CONDITION SEEN IN ELDERLY = PRESBYOPIA 62.
MULTIPLE MYELOMA IN ONE AREA = PLASMACYTOMA 63.
MALIGNANT TUMOR/ONION SKIN APPEARANCE = EWINGS SARCOMA 64.
GUMMA = TERTIARY SYPHILIS 65.
MOST REVERSIBLE DESTRUCTION OF LIVER = FATTY LIVER 66.
MOST IMPORTANT CONTROL OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DZ = EDUCATION 67.
MOST SERIOUS SIDE EFFECT OF PAGET'S DZ = OSTEOSARCOMA 68.
AREA OF ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS = SI JOINT 69.
RT. VENTRICULAR FAILURE LEADS TO = 70.
NUTMEG LIVER
DEFICEINCY LEADS TO CHEILOSIS = B2 71.
MOST COMMON CAUSE OF HYDROCEPHALUS = OBSTRUCTION OF AQUEDUCT OF
SYLVIUS 72.
NEUROFIBROMA ’S MOST COMMONLY FOUND IN = THE SPINAL CORD 73.
COMMON CAUSE OF GASTRIC BLEEDING = ASPIRIN 74.
DEFICEINCY OF PHENYLALANINE HYDROXYLASE CAUSES = MENTAL RETARDATION
75.
WOMEN TAKING ESTROGEN HAVE A „^ RISK OF = BREAST CANCER 76.
DISSECTING ANEURYSM = MARFAN ’S SYNDROME 77.
CUSHING ’S SYNDROME = HYPERADRENYLISM 78.
ALTERED RBC SHAPE = SICKLE CELL ANEMIA 79.
PALLEGRA =
NIACIN 80.
TRUE ABOUT ALZHEIMER ’S = HITS YOU FAST AND HARD 81.
SIGN OF MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY = CALF HYPERTROPHY 82.
PATEINT HAD SALTY SWEAT = CYSTIC FIBROSIS 83.
CHARCOT MARIE TOOTH DZ = DISTAL ARMS AND LEGS W/ ATROPHY 84.
EXCESS HOMOGENTISTIC ACID = ALKAPTONURIA ( METABOLISM OF TYROSINE AND
85.
PHENYLALANINE)
BILATERAL PAINLESS, CYANOTIC FINGER TIPS = ACROCYANOSIS 86.
TOPHI FORMATION = GOUT 87.
CA+ PHOSPHATE CRYSTALS = PSUEDOGOUT 88.
„` VITAMIN OF MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA = FOLIC ACID 89.
BERI BERI = THIAMIN 90.
CHARACTERIZATION OF NEOPLASM = CANNOT RETURN TO NORMAL ONCE
STIMULUS IS 91.
REMOVED
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12
DIAPEDESIS = PASSAGE OF BLOOD CELLS INTO AN INTACT CAPILLARY WALL OF TISSUES
92.
NEOPLASMS ARE MOST COMMON FORMED = EPITHELIAL 93.
PRESENT WITH MULTIPLE MYELOMA AND CAFE-AU-LAIT SPOTS = VON 94.
RICKLINGHOUSIN ’S DZ
ALS SPINAL CORD DZ EFFECTS = ANTERIOR HORN 95.
PT. WITH TETRALOGY OF FALLOT = PULMONARY STENOSIS 96.
BEST DESCRIBES THROMBOPHLEBITIS = VENOUS INFLAMMATION WITH THROMBUS 97.
FORMATION
RIGHT SIDED HEART FAILURE = DISTENSION OF THE NECK VEINS, LIVER
ENLARGEMENT 98.
AND DEPENDENT EDEMA
SYSTEMIC FIBROSIS IS SEEN IN = SCLERODERMA 99.
TYPE II REACTION = IgG PRODUCTION 100.
MOST COMMON CAUSE OF RIGHT SIDED HEART FAILURE = LEFT SIDED CARDIAC 101.
FAILURE
DZ EFFECTING MYONEURAL JX = MYASTHENIA GRAVIS 102.
GIANT CELL ARTERITIS = TEMPORAL 103.
T-HELPER CELL SEEN IN = TYPE IV (CELL MEDIATED) 104.
NEOPLASM DERIVED FROM MULTIPLE TISSUE =TERATOMA 105.
FEMALE WITH ACTIVE CASE OF N. GONORRHEA. = OPTHALMIA NEONATORUM 106.
SPLEEN AND LIVER DYSFUNCTION = RIGHT SIDED HEART FAILURE 107.
PHILADELPHIA CHROMOSOME = CHRONIC MYELOGENOUS 108.
GALACTOSEMIA AVOID = LACTOSE 109.
BEGINS IN CHILDHOOD, WASTING, AUTOSOMAL DZ = FACIOSCAPULOHUMERAL 110.
DYSTROPHY
INTERSSUSCEPTION BEST DESCRIBED AS = TELESCOPING ON THE INTESTINES 111.
UNILATERAL TINNITUS AND A SESORINEURAL HEARING LOSS = SCHWANNOMA 112.
(ACOUSTIC NEUROMA)
EFFECTS ANTERIOR HORN = AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS 113.
EFFECT DIAPHYSIS = EWINGS SARCOMA 114.
MC BENIGN TUMOR OF HAND SAND FEET = ENCHONDROMA 115.
MOST IMPORTANT IN THE IMMUNE SYSTEM = ZINC 116.
BORN WITHOUT ONE OF THE PAIRED ORGANS = AGENESIS 117.
DESCRIBES TABES DORSALIS = TERTIARY SYPHILIS THAT EFFECTS POST. HORN CELLS
118.
SYRINGOMYLIA = HOLE IN THE SPINAL CORD 119.
TOTAL DESTRUCTION OF BONE MARROW = APLASTIC 120.
EFFECTS BASAL GANGLIA = PARKINSON ’S DZ 121.
ACROMEGALLY = HYPERPITUATARISM 122.
DESTRUCTION OF SYNOVIAL JOINT = RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS 123.
SUBACUTE DEGENERATION OF SPINAL CORD = B12 124.
ATHEROSCLEROSIS = TUNICA INTIMA 125.
EFFECTED BY AIDS = T4 126.
TRACHEAL EPITHELIAL TISSUE WILL NOT GO UNDERGO = HYPERTROPHY 127.
MOST COMMON MALIGNANCY IN MEN = PROSTATE 128.
IMBALANCE BETWEEN OSTEOBLASTS AND OSTEOCLASTS = OSTEOPOROSIS 129.
GYNECOMASTIA = EXCESS TESTOSTERONE NOT INVOLVED 130.
GUMMA = TERTIARY SYPHILIS 131.
LIVER TRANSPLANT REACTION = TYPE VI 132.
MALIGNANT NEOPLASM = INFILTRATION 133.
GRANULOMATOUS TISSUE = FIBROBLASTS AND GIANT CELLS
PLASMACYTOMA = CONDENSED ARE 134.
HANSEN ’S DZ = LEPROSY 135.
HUMAN LEUKOCYTE IN HLA – B27 = ??? 136.
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CELIAC DZ = ATROPHY OF VILLI 137.
GENETIC DISORDER THAT IS SEX LINKED = DUCHENES MS DYSTROPHY 138.
MYXEDEMA = HYPOTHYROIDISM 139.
CAUSES DIFFUSION OF ABDOMINAL CAVITY = ASCITES 140.
NECROSIS IN PANCREAS = FATTY 141.
SPINAL ANATOMY
GREATER WING OF SPHENOID/PETROUS PORTION OF TEMPORAL BONE MAKE UP THE
1.
_________ FOSSA = MIDDLE CRANIAL (N6)
______ FORAMEN CARRIES MIDDLE MENINGEAL VESSELS = SPINOSUM (N7) 2.
OVALE = MANDIBULAR NERVE (V3) AND ACCESSORY MENINGEAL 3.
ROTUNDUM = MAXILLARY NERVE (V2) 4.
CAROTID = ICA (LUCERUM) 5.
PARESTHESIA, PAIN OVER 1 ST ,2 ND AND 1/2 OF 3 RD FINGERS = SPASM OF PRONATOR
TERES MS 6.
CERVICAL RIB ON XRAY, NERVE ROOT LEVEL EFFECTED = C7,C8 7.
ORIGIN OF MOTOR PORTION OF VISION IS LOCATED IN WHICH LOBE OF THE BRAIN =
8.
FRONTAL LOBE
OBSTRUCTION OF INTERVENTRICULAR FORAMEN WOULD PRODUCE „^ PRESSURE =
9.
LATERAL VENTRICLE (N102)
CUTANEOUS SENSATION OVER DORSAL ASPECT OF 2 ND , 3 RD ,4 TH METATARSALS =
WHICH 10.
NERVES = SUPERFICIAL FIBULAR NERVE
SURAL = LATERAL SIDE OF FOOT 11.
SAPHENOUS = MEDIAL LEG AND FOOT 12.
DEEP FIBULAR NERVE = DEEP PERONEAL NERVE 13.
CRANIAL NERVES ORIGINATE FROM POSTERIOR ASPECT OF BRAIN STEM = CN IV 14.
(TROCHLEAR) (N108)
ORIENTATION OF INFERIOR ARTICULATING FACETS OF L5 = ANT./LAT 15.
TERMINATION OF SPINAL CORD AND EMERGENCE OF FILUM TERMINALE OCCURS AT
= 16.
L2
LIGAMENT THAT SEPARATES GREATER AND LESSOR SCIATIC FORAMEN = 17.
SACROSPINOUS (N102)
LIGAMENT THAT ATTACHES ANTERIOR ASPECT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND
ANTERIOR 18.
ASPECT OF C1 = ANTERIOR ATLANTOOCCIPITAL MB.
PREVENTS HYPEREXTENSION = ALL 19.
CONNECTS APEX OF SPINOUS TO APEX OF SPINOUS = SUPRASPINOUS 20.
PROTRUSION OF MENINGES AND SPINAL CORD = SPINA BIFIDA MENINGIOMYELOCELE
21.
TRANSVERSE SINUS CONTAINED WITH IN = TENTORIUM CEREBELLI (N98) 22.
CONFLUENCE OF SINUSES IS WITH IN = OCCIPITAL BONE (N98) 23.
ARACHNOID VILLI IS FOUND IN WHICH SINUS = SUPERIOR SAGITTAL SINUS 24.
PARESTHESIA IN MANDIBULAR REGION COULD BE CAUSED BY A LESION OF WHAT 25.
NERVE THAT GOES THROUGH = V3, FORAMEN OVALE
SUPERIOR ARTICULATING FACETS IN LS ARE _____AND____. = POST AND MEDIAL 26.
LESION OF CILIARY GANGLION RESULTS IN ALL EXCEPT = DILATION OF FACE (PTOSIS,
27.
DILATION OF PUPILS, LOSS OF SWEAT ON FACE)
CILIARY GANGLION = RECEIVES PRE-GANGLIONIC FROM 3 FROM EDINGER WESTPHAL
28.
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NUCLEUS
ORIENTATION OF C/S TRANSVERSE PROCESSES = 30
– 40
ANT./LAT. (N8) 29.
TO PREVENT NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS = FOLIC ACID 30.
T/S WHICH HELP FORM ANT. BORDER OF IVF = RIB HEADS (N143) 31.
BONES FORMED FROM INTRAMEMBRANOUS OSSIFICATION = FRONTAL BONE 32.
OLFACTORY NERVE GOES THROUGH WHICH STRUCTURES = CRIBIFORM PLATE 33.
(ETHMOID)
AXON OF WHICH NUCLEI ENDS IN THE POSTERIOR PITUITARY = SUPRA OPTIC AND
PARA 34.
VENTRICULAR
INVOLVED IN SMELL = AMYGDALOID BODY 35.
LESION OF BROCAS AREA 17 = MIDDLE CEREBRAL (N134) 36.
BLOOD SUPPLY OF PITUITARY GLAND = ICA 37.
GLOBUS PALLIDUS AND PUTAMEN SEND FIBERS = THALAMUS 38.
NERVE THAT INNERVATES LEVATOR PALPEBRA SUPERIORUS MS = OCULOMOTOR
(CNIII) 39.
LATERAL RECTUS = CN VI (ABDUCENS) 40.
MOST SUPERIOR NERVE EFFECTED IN DISC HERNIATION = C3 41.
LATERAL SACRAL CREST IS DERIVED FROM = TRANSVERSE PROCESSES 42.
LESION OF SPINAL CORD WOULD CAUSE DEATH WITHIN MINUTES = FRACTURE OF 43.
ODONTOID AND AVULSION OF CORD ABOVE C3
RECURRENT MENINGEAL NERVE INNERVATES ALL EXCEPT = ALL 44.
CELLS THAT MAKEUP CHOROID PLEXUS = EPENDYMAL CELLS 45.
CELLS RESPONSIBLE FOR MYLENATION OF CNS = OLIGODENDROCYTES 46.
NAME OF GAP BETWEEN TWO SCHWANN CELLS = NODE OF RANVIER 47.
NAME OF PROCESS ON POSTERIOR ASPECT OF TP IN L/S = ACCESSORY PROCESS (N144)
48.
ANTERIOR ARCH OF ATLAS AND DENS = PIVOT JOINT 49.
GINGYLMUS = HINGE 50.
CONDYLOID = ALL MVMTS EXCEPT ROTATION 51.
PLANAR = GLIDING 52.
NOT PART OF ERECTOR SPINAE MS GROUP = SEMISPINALIS 53.
CONNECTS AMYGDALOID TO HYPOTHALAMUS = STRIA TERMINALIS 54.
RADIAL NERVE COMES OFF WHICH PART OF BRACHIAL PLEXUS = POST. CORD (N401)
55.
INVOLVES VISUAL AND AUDITORY TRACTS = TECTOSPINAL PATHWAY 56.
CN THAT DOES NOT CONTAIN (PZ) FIBERS = HYPOGLOSSAL 57.
NERVE THAT SUPPLY ’S GRACILIS MS = OBTURATOR NERVE 58.
FEMORAL = ALL VASTUS, SARTORIUS AND 59.
RECTUS MS
SUPERIOR GLUTEAL = GLUTEUS MEDIUS, GLUTEUS MINIMUS AND TFL 60.
GLUTEUS MAXIMUS = INFERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE 61.
SOLEUS = GASTROC AND SOLEUS 62.
SUPPLIED BY DEEP FIBULAR NERVE = EXT. HALLUCIS LONGUS 63.
LAMINA SURROUNDING CENTRAL CANAL OF SPINAL CORD = 10 64.
LAMINA WHERE SUBSTANTIA GELATINOSA IS FOUND = 2 65.
PART OF VISUAL PATHWAY = LAT. GENICULATE BODY 66.
LARGEST TASTE BUD = VALLATE 67.
DRG DERIVED FROM = NEURAL CREST CELLS 68.
CORNEA OF EYE IS EXTENSION OF = SURFACE ECTODERM 69.
POST. DISC PROTRUSION AT C7 – T1 EFFECTS = C8 70.
NEURAL TUBE BECOMES = SPINAL CORD 71.
DRAINS INTO INF. NASAL MEATUS = NASOLACRIMAL DUCT 72.
MOST COMMON CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF HEMI VERTEBRA IN T/S = SCOLIOSIS
73.
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STRUCTURES FORM FLOOR OF ANT. FLOOR OF LATERAL VENTRICLE = HEAD OF THE
74.
CAUDATE NUCLEUS
PREGANGLIONIC SYMPATHETIC FIBERS ARISE FROM = INTER-MEDIAL-LATERAL CELL
75.
COLUMN
ARTICULATION BETWEEN L5-S1 IS ALTERED RIGHT JOINT VISUALIZED BUT LEFT IS
NOT 76.
SEEN = FACET TROPISM
LIGAMENTS THAT FORM NEURAL CANAL = PLL 77.
CN THAT SUPPLIES TASTE TO ANT. 2/3 OF TONGUE = CN 7 (FACIAL NERVE) 78.
NERVES THAT CONTAIN TASTE FIBERS = CHORDA TYMPANI 79.
LATERAL LEMINISCUS IS PART OF THE HEARING PATHWAY, AND HAIR CELLS ARE 80.
BETWEEN WHERE THE LAT. LEMINISCUS ORIGINATES = BETWEEN THE COCHLEAR
NERVE
MOST MEDIAL OF ERECTOR SPINAE MS = SPINALIS 81.
MOST LATERAL OF ERECTOR SPINAE MS = ILIOCOSTALIS 82.
CN THAT ENERVATES THE SUPERIOR OBLIQUE MS OF EYE = TROCHLEAR 83.
COMPRISE PHRENIC NERVE = C3 C4 C5 (KEEPS THE BODY ALIVE) 84.
PREGANGLIONIC PARASYMPATHETIC FIBERS OF OCULOMOTOR NERVE SYNAPSE AT
85.
________ GANGLION. = CILIARY
DORSAL SPINAL CEREBELLAR TRACTS ORIGIN = DORSAL COLUMN OF CLARK 86.
ALL / EXCEPT____ SUPPLIED BY INFERIOR LARYNGEAL NERVE .= CRICOTHYROID 87.
AVULSION OF PCA IN CIRCLE OF WILLIS = INTERPEDUNCULAR CISTERN 88.
LESION OF WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PREVENT BIG TOE EXT. = L5 89.
FORAMEN NEXT TO INTERNAL AUDITORY MEATUS = JUGULAR FORAMEN 90.
MOST NUMEROUS CELLS IN CNS = NEURONS 91.
NERVES THAT ENERVATE THE SKIN OVER THE POPLITEAL FOSSA = POST. FEMORAL
92.
CUTANEOUS NERVE
CN THAT INNERVATE THE CAROTID SINUS = CN IX 93.
CREMASTER MS IS DERIVED FROM = INTERNAL OBLIQUE MS (N234) 94.
INGUINAL LIG. IS DERIVED FROM = EXT. OBLIQUE MS 95.
MOST COMMON CERVICAL VERTEBRA INJURED IN A WHIPLASH TYPE INJURY = C5,C6
96.
ATTACHES TO ANT. ASPECT OF SACRUM = PIRIFORMIS MS (N461) 97.
PIRIFORMIS MS ACTION = EXT. ROTATES, SCIATICA 98.
DORSAL SCAPULA NERVE DOES NOT INNERVATE WHICH = SERRATUS POST. SUP., 99.
INTERCOSTALS T1-T4
00. GENERAL TOUCH = ANT. SPINAL THALAMIC TRACT
01.MEISSNER ’S CORPUSCLES = FINE
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GENERAL ANATOMY
PULSE FELT PROXIMAL TO HYPOTHENAR PAD = ULNAR 1.
CALCITONIN IS SECRETED BY WHICH CELLS = PARAFOLLICULAR 2.
OXYNTIC = PARIETAL CELLS 3.
MEDIAL ROTATOR OF HIP = GLUTEUS MEDIUS 4.
DAMAGE TO LONG THORACIC NERVE WILL PRODUCE PARALYSIS TO WHICH MS = 5.
SERRATUS ANTERIOR
EMBRYO STRUCTURES IS ADRENAL MEDULLA DERIVED = NEURAL CREST CELLS 6.
ENDO = RESPIRATORY, GI -ECTO
= NERVES, SKIN -MESO
= EVERYTHING ELSE -ENERVATES
THE PERONEI MS = SUPERIOR PERONEAL NERVE 7.
TYPE OF CELLS FOUND THROUGHOUT RESPIRATORY TRACT = PSEUDOSTRATIFIED 8.
CILIATED COLUMNAR
NERVES PALPABLE ON LATERAL ASPECT OF NECK OF FIBULA = COMMON PERONEAL
9.
NERVE
POST. SUPERFICIAL MS OF LEG INSERTS ON WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING BONES = 10.
CALCANEOUS
EPIPHYSEAL PLATE IS CONSIDERED TO BE WHAT TYPE OF JOINT = SYNCHONDROSIS
11.
(CARTILAGE „³BONE)
ON WHICH BONE IS THE SOLEAL LINE = TIBIA (BACK SIDE) 12.
LAT. MALLEOLUS IS FEATURE OF THE FOLLOWING BONES = FIBULA 13.
LIG. THAT PREVENTS LAT. DISPLACEMENT OF TIBIA = FIBULAR COLLATERAL 14.
ANT. INTERVENTRICULAR ARTERY IS A BRANCH OF THE ____ ARTERY. = LEFT 15.
CORONARY
SPRING LIGAMENT CONNECTS CALCANEOUS TO THIS BONE = NAVICULAR (aka 16.
CALCANEALNAVICULAR LIG.)
MS INSERTION ON 5 TH METATARSAL = PERONEUS BREVIS 17.
NERVE THAT ENERVATES TIBIALIS ANT. MS = DEEP PERONEAL NERVE 18.
PRIMARY OSSIFICATION CENTER FOR A LONG BONE = DIAPHYSIS 19.
PALATOGLOSSUS AND PALATOPHARYNGEUS FORM = PILLARS OF FAUCES 20.
CHARACTERISTIC OF THE LARGE INTESTINE = HAUSTRA 21.
RADIAL NOTCH ARTICULATES WITH = HEAD OF RADIUS 22.
OLECRANON FOSSA LOCATED = HUMOROUS 23.
RADIAL NERVE FOUND ON WHAT BONE = MEDIAL SCAPHOID (WRIST) 24.
ESOPHAGEAL HIATUS IS LOCATED AT WHICH VERTEBRAL LEVEL = T10 25.
T8 – INF. VENA CAVA -CORONOID
PROCESS LOCATED WHERE = ULNA 26.
HAVERSIAN SYSTEM ARE SEPARATED BY = INTERSTITIAL LAMELLAE 27.
VOLKMAN CANAL TRANSMIT THE VESSEL 28.
ANKLE INVERSION AND PLANTAR FLEXION IS MOST RESTRICTED BY = ANT. 29.
TALOFIBULAR LIG.
NERVE THAT SUPPLY EXT. MS TO FINGERS = RADIAL 30.
MS THAT EXTERNALLY ROTATE THE ARM = INFRASPINATUS 31.
SUBSCAPULARIS = MED. ROTATES AND EXTENDS -PREVENTS
ANT. DISPLACEMENT OF TIBIA = ANT. CRUCIATE 32.
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17
IN A FETUS, BLOOD BYPASSES LIVER SINUSOID THROUGH WHAT STRUCTURE =
DUCTUS 33.
VENOSUS
PERONEUS LONGUS TENDON GOES UNDER FOOT CROSSES TO THE GROOVE OF = THE
34.
CUBOID BONE
PART OF THE HUMOROUS THAT ARTICULATES WITH THE RADIUS = CAPITULUM 35.
FRACTURE OF MEDIAL EPICONDYLE RESULTS = DAMAGE OF FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS
MS. 36.
8-12 CONICAL PROJECTIONS IN THE RENAL MEDULLA = PYRAMIDS 37.
PIERCES CENTRAL TENDON OF DIAPHRAGM = IVC (T8) 38.
APEX OF LUNGS LOCATED AT WHAT LEVEL = JUST ABOVE 1 ST RIB 39.
LACRIMAL FOSSA PART OF = FRONTAL BONE 40.
AXILLARY NERVE LIES WITHIN = QUADRANGULAR SPACE 41.
PART OF THE NEPHRON = LOOP OF HENLE (PROXIMAL AND DISTAL CONVOLUTED 42.
TUBULES)
MS THAT INSERTS INTO SCAPULA COROCOID PROCESS= PEC MINOR 43.
GRACILUS MS. SUPPLIED BY = OBTURATOR 44.
PRODUCES SURFACTANT = TYPE II ALVEOLAR CELLS 45.
CHORDA TENDONAE CONNECT ____ TO ____ = VALVE CUSPS TO PAPILLARY 46.
LARGEST AND FEWEST TASTE BUDS = CIRCUMVALLATE 47.
PASSES THROUGH DEEP INGUINAL RING OF MALE = SPERMATIC CORD 48.
DUCTUS DEFRENS, A & V PLEXUS, LYMPH VESSELS AND NERVES -POST.
COSTAL PLEURA EXTENDS CAUDALLY TO THE LEVEL OF THE = 12 TH RIB 49.
CELL TYPES LOCATED IN LACUNA OF HOWSHIP = OSTEOCYTES 50.
INSERTION OF LONG HEAD OF BICEPS BRACHII MS. = RADIAL TUBEROSITY 51.
SUPERFICIAL BOUNDARY OF PERONEAL CAVITY = COLLES FLEXOR (UROGENITAL 52.
DIAPHRAM) OR (POUCH OF DOUGLAS) OR RECTOUTERINE POUCH
URETER RUNS OUT TO = PSOAS 53.
MOST SUPERFICIAL VEIN IN CALF = LESSOR SAPHENOUS 54.
INTEROSSEOS MB OF LEG = SYNDESMOSIS 55.
SCHINDYLESIS = PERPENDICULAR PLATE (VOMER) 56.
RIGHT AND LEFT HALVES OF BODY = MEDIAN OR SAGITTAL PLANE 57.
SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY SUPPLY = JEJUNUM 58.
MEDIAL ROTATION OF TIBIA IS ACCOMPLISHED BY = POPLITEUS MS 59.
THICKEST PART OF HEART = LEFT VENTRICLE 60.
CONOID TUBERCLE = CLAVICLE 61.
EMBRYOLOGICAL DERIVATION OF EPITHELIUM = ECTODERM 62.
PARALYSIS OF MS, LOSS OF ABDUCTION AND EXT. ROTATION OF HUMOROUS = 63.
SUPRASPINATUS AND INFRASPINATUS
MS SPINDLES ARE _____ RECEPTORS. = STRETCH (GTO) 64.
FOUND IN PERONEAL CAVITY = SIGMOID COLON 65.
RETRO = KIDNEY, ABDOMINAL AORTA, PANCREAS -RENIN
SECRETED GRANULAR STRUCTURE = AFFERENT ARTERIOLS 66.
JUXTAGLOMERULAR CELLS -SUSTENTACULAR
TALI = CALCANEUS 67.
FIBROUS ARTICULATING JOINT = DISTAL TIBIAL FIBULAR 68.
LARYNGEAL DIVERTICULUM DEVELOPS FROM = PHARYNX 69.
HEAD OF FIBULA ARTICULATES WITH = LATERAL CONDYLE OF TIBIA 70.
MIDGUT FORMS = ILEUM 71.
FORGUT = PHARYNX, LOWER RESP. TRACT, ESOPHAGUS, STOMACH, UPPER 1/3 OF 72.
DUODENUM, LIVER AND PANCREAS
MIDGUT = LOWER 2/3 OF DUODENUM, SMALL INTESTINE, CECUM, APPENDIX, ASCENDING
73.
COLON, 2/3 TRANSVERSE
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HINDGUT = 1/3 TRANSVERSE COLON, DESCENDING COLON, SIGMOID COLON, RECTUM,
SUP. 74.
PART OF ANAL CANAL, BLADDER, AND URETHRA
FEATURE OF HUMOROUS = CORONOID FOSSA 75.
HOW MANY TARSAL BONES = 7 76.
NAMES = CALCANEOUS, TALUS, NAVICULAR, 3 CUNEOFORMS, CUBOID 77.
LIGAMENT THAT REINFORCES THE POSTERIOR PORTION OF HIP = ISCHIOFEMORAL
78.
ARTICULATION OF HUMOROUS AND ULNA DURING EXT. OCCURS AT THE _____ AND
_____ 79.
= OLECRANON FOSSA AND OLECRANON PROCESS
DEVIDES MS INTO FASCICLES = PERIMYSIUM 80.
BICEPS BRACHI TENDON IS HELD IN PLACE BY ____ LIG = TRANSVERSE HUMORAL ( 81.
BETWEEN GREATER AND LESSOR TUBERCLES)
CANALS LOCATED ON LATERAL WALL OF ISCHIRECTAL FOSSA = ANAL 82.
ORGAN DEVOID OF LYMPHATICS = BRAIN 83.
HAVE BOTH ENDOCRINE AND EXOCRINE SECRETIONS = PANCREAS 84.
ENDO = INSULIN, GLUCAGON -EXO
= DIGESTIVE ENZYMES -ANT.
PORTION OF THE HARD PALATE IS PART OF = MAXILLARY 85.
FORMS INF. ATTACHMENT OF INGUINAL LIG. = PUBIC TUBERCLES 86.
VEINS CLOSELY FOLLOWS MEDIAL ANTEBRACHIAL CUTANEOUS VEIN = BASILLIC 87.
LIG. CONNECT MED. AND LAT. MENISCUS OF KNEE = TRANSVERSE 88.
SEPARATES GREATER AND LESSOR SCIATIC NOTCH = ISCHIAL SPINE 89.
TWO CARPAL BONES ARTICULATE WITH RADIUS = SCAPHOID AND LUNATE 90.
ACTION OF SOLEUS = PLANTAR FLEXION 91.
FIBRO CARTILAGE UNITES BONE IN WHICH = SYMPHYSIS 92.
LINEA ASPIRA LOCATED = POSTERIOR FEMUR 93.
MOST COMMON LOCATION OF SESAMOID BONE 94.
= FLEXOR POLLICIS BREVIS
ARTERIAL SUPPLY TO URINARY BLADDER FROM SUP. AND INF. BRANCHES OF = 95.
INTERNAL ILIAC
MEISSNER ’S PLEXUS LOCATED IN WHICH PART OF INTERNAL LINING = SUBMUCOSA
96.
AUERBACH ’S PLEXUS = MUSCULARIS LAYER 97.
NOT AN INFRAHYOID MS = MYLOHYOID 98.
THYROHYOID
-OMOHYOID -STERNOTHYROID
-SUPRAHYOID
= DIGASTRIC, GENIOHYOID, MYLOHYOID, STYLOHYOID 99.
100.LIES PROXIMAL TO TROCHLEA ON DISTAL HUMOROUS = CORONOID FOSSA
101.LEVEL OF HOR0ZONTAL FISSURE OF LUNG = T4
102.PERONEAL ARTERY LOCATED IN WHAT PART OF LEG = POSTERIOR
103.PASSES THROUGH FORAMEN ROTUNDUM = MAXILLARY NERVE
104.SHAPE OF LIG. THAT IS REMNANT OF ATROPHY ’D UMBILICAL LIG. = ROUND
LIGAMENT
GENERAL ANATOMY CONT.
SEVERING THE NERVE IN THE FEMORAL TRIANGLE =
EXTEND THE LEG 1.
INGUINAL LIG. = SUP 2.
ADDUCTOR = MEDIAL 3.
ABDUCTORS = LATERAL 4.
MELANOCYTES LOCATED = GERMINATIVUM (KNOW LAYERS) 5.
CARPAL BONE WITH MORE THEN ONE ARTICULATION WITH METACARPALS = 6.
HAMMATE (N426)
MEDULLA OF THE SUPRARENAL GLAND SECRETES = ADRENALINE 7.
BOARD REVIEW IRENE GOLD 2000
CILIARY BODY IS AN EXT. OF = (N85) RETINA 8.
PINEAL GLAND LIES IN A PARALLEL LINE WITH = (N102) THIRD VENTRICLE 9.
UPPER EXT. ROTATE = LATERALLY 90
10.
PART OF MIDGUT =DUODENUM 1/3 11.
MUSCLE THAT FLEXES THE KNEE = POPLITEUS 12.
ORIGINATES FROM 1 ST BRACHIAL ARCHES = MALLEUS AND INCUS 13.
FOUND IN THE MEDULLA OF KIDNEY = COLLECTING DUCT 14.
INABILITY TO ADDUCT THE THUMB WITH ATROPHY OF THE HYPOTHENAR
EMINENCE = 15.
ULNAR NERVE
FORCE MOST APT TO CAUSE SPONDYLYSIS = COMPRESSION 16.
FIBROCARTILAGE JOINT = SYMPHYSIS 17.
CN SUPPLIES TASTE TO THE ANT. 2/3 OF TONGUE = CN 7 18.
MAXILLARY SINUS DRAINS INTO = MIDDLE NASAL MEATUS 19.
NERVE THAT INNERVATES STERNOTHYROIDES MS = VIA ANSA CERVICALIS 20.
FORMS FLOOR OF THE DIGASTRIC TRIANGLE = MYLOHYOID 21.
TRAPEZOID LIG. ATTACH TO CLAVICLE = N398 INFEROLATERAL 22.
COSTOVERTEBRAL JOINT TYPE = SYNOVIAL 23.
HORIZONTAL FISSURE OF LUNG CORRESPOND WITH = 4 TH RIB 24.
NERVES THAT INITIATE PERISTALSIS = PELVIC SPLANCHNIC 25.
SPLANCHNIC = THORACIC SYMPATHETIC GANGLION 26.
LIGAMENT OF VOCAL CORD = VOCAL LIGAMENT 27.
ABDUCTS THE VOCAL CORDS = POST. CRICOARYTENOID 28.
LATERAL CRICOARYTENOID = ADDUCTS THE VOCAL CORDS 29.
CRICOTHYROID = TENSES VOCAL CORDS 30.
OVARIAN LIGAMENT = OVARY TO UTERUS 31.
SUSPENSITORY = OVARY TO WALL 32.
BROAD LIG. = UTERUS TO WALL 33.
ROUND LIG. = UTERUS TO WALL 34.
TRANSVERSE CERVICAL = CERVIX TO PELVIC WALL 35.
EPITHELIUM OF TRUE VOCAL CORDS = STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS 36.
ILIOCOCCOGEUS, PUBOCOCCIGEUS, ISCHICOCCIGEUS = PELVIC DIAPHRAM 37.
INSERTS INTO ULNAR TUBEROSITY = BRACHIAL 38.
BICEPS BRACHIA = RADIAL TUBEROSITY 39.
TRICEPS = OLECRANON 40.
CORACOBRACHIALIS = MEDIAL TUBEROSITY 41.
CELLS PRODUCE CALCITONIN = PARAFOLLICULAR CELLS OF THE THYROID 42.
LANDMARK OF BIFURCATION OF TRACHEA = STERNAL ANGLE 43.
PRODUCE TESTOSTERONE = INTERSTITIAL CELLS OF LEYDIG 44.
SERTOLI CELLS = NOURISH SPERMATIDS 45.
POST. TIBIAL ARTERY BRANCH OF = POPLITEAL 46.
SITE OF ATTACHMENT OF RADIATE LIG. TO COSTOVERTEBRAL ART. = (N172)
ANTERIOR 47.
URETERS INTER BLADDER AT ITS ____ ASPECT = POSTERIOR 48.
STENSONS DUCTS OF PAROTID GLAND PIERCES WHICH MS = BUCCINATOR 49.
DOES NOT GO THROUGH THORACIC INLET = SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY AND VEIN 50.
HEART VALVES MADE OF = ENDOCARDIUM 51.
ABDOMEN NERVES SUPPLYING ANT. ABDUCT. WALL THROUGH WHICH LAYER = 52.
INTERNAL OBLIQUE AND TRANSVERSES ABDOMINUS
HAVE TRANSVERSE, HORIZONTAL AND OBLIQUE CANALS = VOLKMAN ’S CANALS 53.
CONNECTS LACUNAE TO LACUNAE TO TRANSPORT NUTRIENTS = CANALICULI 54.
JOINT THAT MOVES ON TWO PLANES = SELLAR (SADDLE) 55.
CUBOID THAT DOES NOT ARTICULATE WITH = (N488) TALUS 56.
DELTOID LIG. LOCATED ON WHAT ASPECT = MEDIAL 57.
FORMS PART OF DELTOID LIG. = ANTERIOR TIBIALTALAR 58.
19
BOARD REVIEW IRENE GOLD 2000
20
DOES NOT ATTACH TO SUSTENTACULUM TALI = TIBIALIS ANTERIOR 59.
CONTAINS SPIRAL GROOVE = HUMOROUS 60.
INJURY THAT PRODUCES AVULSION OF PSOAS MS WOULD EFFECT = LESSOR
TROCANTER 61.
RECTUS FEMORIS ORIGINATES ON WHICH PART OF PELVIS = AIIS 62.
FORM INFERIOR ATTACHMENT OF THE ILIACUS = LESSOR TROCANTER 63.
SURROUNDS PROXIMAL RADIAL ULNAR JOINT = N412 ANNULAR LIGAMENT 64.
ADDUCTION OF SHOULDER RESPONSIBLE = SUPRASPINATUS 65.
SUPERIOR SUPPORT TO GLENOHUMERAL JOINT = SUPRASPINATUS 66.
INFRASPINATUS = SUPERIOR FACET 67.
TERES MINOR – LOWER FACET 68.
ATTACH TO SUPRAGLENOID TUBERCLE = N396 LONG HEAD OF BICEPS 69.
LONG HEAD OF TRICEPS = SCAPULA 70.
BONES THAT FORM NASAL SEPTUM = VOMER 71.
SYNCHONDROSIS = EPIPHYSEAL PLATE 72.
GLENOID LABRIUM IS COMPOSED OF = FIBROCARTILAGE RING 73.
PALPATED ON LATERAL SIDE OF ICHIORECTAL FOSSA N469 = OBTURATOR INTERNUS
74.
GOES THROUGH LESSOR SCIATIC FORAMEN = PUDENDAL NERVE 75.
ARTERIES TO OVARIES ARE BRANCHES OF = ABDOMINAL AORTA N324 76.
EXTERNAL ILIAC BECOMES _____ ARTERY AT THE INF. ASPECT OF THE INGUINAL
LIG. = 77.
FEMORAL
THYROCERVICAL TRUNK BRANCHES N27 = SUPRASCAPULAR ARTERY 78.
LOCATED IN MEDIAL MEDIASTINUM = AZYGOUS VEIN N218 79.
CORONARY ARTERY = LIES WITHIN CORONARY SULCUS 80.
EMPTIES INTO RIGHT ATRIUM OF HEART = N204 CORONARY SINUS 81.
MOST COMMON CONGENITAL DEFECT OF HEART = INTERVENTRICULAR SEPTAL
DEFECT 82.
OTITIS MEDIA MOST COMMONLY EFFECTS = TASTE OF ANT. 2/3 OF TONGUE 83.
JUGULAR NOTCH = PART OF MANUBRIUM 84.
MOST SUPERFICIAL VEIN = SAPHENOUS 85.
EJACULATORY DUCT EMPTIES INTO = PROSTATIC URETHRA 86.
PULMONARY LIG. DERIVED FROM TWO LAYERS OF = MEDIASTINAL PLEURA 87.
ALVEOLUS MADE OF = SIMPLE SQUAMOUS 88.
HYALINE CARTILAGE IS LOCATED = BRONCHI 89.
MYOTOMES INVOLVED IN FLEXION OF THE THUMB = C8 90.
NERVE EFFECTED IF THERE IS LOSS OF ABDUCTION AND ADDUCTION OF THE
FINGERS 91.
FROM 2-5 = ULNAR NERVE
MS DERIVED FROM HYPOMERIC DEVISIONS OF MYOTOMES = LONGUS COLI MS 92.
WRAPS AROUND MS FIBER = ENDOMYCIUM 93.
FUNCTION OF TYPE II ALVEOLAR CELLS = PRODUCTION OF SURFACTANT 94.
SUPERIOR ATTACHMENT OF PECTORALIS MINOR MS = COROCOID PROCESS OF
SCAPULA 95.
DORSIFLEXION OF THE FOOT = PERONEUS TERTIUS 96.
PERONEUS BREVIS = PLANTARFLEX AND EVERTS THE FOOT 97.
QUADRATE LOBE LOCATED = N270 LIGAMENTUM TERES AND GALLBLADDER 98.
TONSIL NOT PART OF RING OF WALDEYER = SUBMANDIBULAR 99.
100.RIGHT DEEP CERVICAL LYMPHNODES DRAIN INTO = HEPATIC DUCT
101.APPENDIX IS OUT POUCHING OF = CECUM
102.TENIEA COLI AND APPENDICES ARE PARTS OF GI TRACT = COLON
103.INFERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY SUPPLY=DESCENDING COLON
104.GALLSTONES LODGED COMMONLY IN THE = HEPATOPANCREATIC DUCT
105.LOCATED WITHIN CAPSULE OF KNEE JOINT = CRUCIATE LIG.
BOARD REVIEW IRENE GOLD 2000
21
106.SKIN LAYER LOCATED IN PALMS OF HANDS AND SOLES OF FEET = STRATUM
LUCIDUM
107.MUSCLE THAT IS MAJOR ABDUCTOR OF THE THIGH = GLUTEUS MEDIUS
108.MAJOR CALYX DRAINS INTO = RENAL PELVIS
109.PART OF STOMACH WHICH PROTRUDES IN A PATIENT WITH A SLIDING HERNIA =
CARDIAC (N
110.RETROPERITONEAL ORGAN = KIDNEY
111.CEPHALIC VEIN DRAINS = AXILLARY
112.KUPFFER CELL IN LIVER FUNCTION = PHAGOCYTOSIS
113.PAPILLARY MUSCLE = TO PREVENT BACKFLOW FROM VENTRICLE
114.PROXIMAL RADIO-ULNAR JOINT = PIVOT
115.AMPHIARTHRODIAL JOINT = SYMPHYSIS AND SYNCHONDROSIS
116.LYMPHOID TISSUE AROUND BLOOD VESSEL IN THE SPLEEN = WHITE PULP
117.POPLITEAL VEIN DRAINS INTO = FEMORAL VEIN
118.PAROTID DUCT OPENS INTO = VESTIBULE
119.PLANES THAT ARE HORIZONTAL TO GROUND = TRANSVERSE
120.PERNICIOUS ANEMIA MAY BE CAUSED BY = OXCYTIC CELLS
121.INF. EPIGASTRIC ARTERY IS A BRANCH OF = EXTERNAL ILIAC
122.PLICAE CIRCULARIS LOCATED = SMALL INTESTINE
123.INSERTION OF PELVIC DIAPHRAM = ANOCOCCYGEAL LIG
124.ATTACHED TO OLECRANON PROCESS = TRICEPS
BOARD REVIEW IRENE GOLD 2000
22
MICRO
PRODUCES EXOTOXIN THAT MAY CAUSE DZ = CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM 1.
CROSSES PLACENTA AND CAN EFFECT FETUS = RUBELLA 2.
LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH IN AIDS PTS. = PNEUMOCYSTIS CARINII 3.
EXOTOXIN CAN ACT UPON WHAT TO DAMAGE CELL (WALL) = PHOSPHOLIPID LAYER 4.
GRAM – DIPLOCOCCUS THAT IS CATALASE – = NEISSERIA 5.
CONTRIBUTES MOST TO POLLUTION = AUTOMOBILES 6.
ID OF STREP CLASSES = REBECCA LANCEFEILD 7.
JOSEPH LISTER = ANTISEPTIC SURGERY 8.
LOUIS PASTURE = GERM THEORY 9.
EDWARD JENNER = SMALL POX VACCINE 10.
MAIN ANTIBODY SEEN IN SALIVA AND MOTHERS MILK = IgA 11.
MAY IN DANGER THE HEALTH OF THE FETUS = TOXOPLASMA GONDII 12.
RELEASE PROGLOTTIDS = TAENIA SOLIUM 13.
WESTERN EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS = ARBO VIRUS 14.
FIFTH DZ IS CLASSIFIED BY WHICH = VIRUS 15.
PENICILLIN EFFECTS BACTERIA BY = SYNTHESIS OF PEPTOGLYCANS 16.
KISSING BUGS CAUSES = CHAGAS DZ. 17.
STREP VS STAPH DIFFERENTIATION = CATALASE + 18.
SOFT CHANCRE ASSOCIATED WITH = HEAMOPHILUS DUCREI 19.
BRANCH OF FEDERAL GOVERNMENT THAT FOLLOWS MORTALITY RATE = STATE 20.
HEALTH DEPT.
ORGAN WHERE ADULT TRICHOMA RESIDE = EYEBALL 21.
MATERIALS INGESTED CONTAINING RAW SEWAGE = ASCARIASIS 22.
NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS ACQUIRED = HOSPITALIZATION 23.
ADDED TO TREAT SEWAGE TO DESTROY RESIDUAL MICROBES = CHLORINE 24.
BUBO = PLAGUE 25.
KILLED POLIO VACCINE = SALK 26.
MOST OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH CUTANEOUS ANTHRAX INFECTION = RED SPOTS ON
THE 27.
FACE
GAS GANGRENE IS CAUSED BY = CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGES 28.
RAT BITE FEVER = STREPTOBACCILUS 29.
REACTION TO WHEAT BARLEY AND RYE = GLUTEN 30.
TOXOID FOR TETANUS = ARTIFICIAL ACTIVE IMMUNITY 31.
TB SKIN TEST = DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY RX (TYPE IV) 32.
KILLS ALL MICROORGANISMS = AUTOCLAVING 33.
DZ TRANSMITTED BY MITES = SCABIES 34.
SUBSTANCE FOUND IN MILK TO DETERMINE PASTEURIZATION = PHOSPHATASE 35.
MATURE TAPE WORM LIVES IN THIS PART OF BODY = SMALL INTESTINE 36.
DRY COUGH DUE TO DRY CONDITIONS = COCCIDIOMYCOSIS 37.
IMMUNOGLOBULINS = IgG CROSSES PLACENTA 38.
MOST PREVALENT IMMUNOGLOBINS = IgG 39.
RX BEST DESCRIBES TYNE TEST = TYPE 4 (DELAYED) 40.
GROUP THAT SUPPLIES $$$ FOR RESEARCH = N.I.H. 41.
WATER PURIFICATION WHICH REMOVES MOST BACTERIA = SEDIMENTATION 42.
SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS = MOIST HEAT STERILIZATION 43.
BOARD REVIEW IRENE GOLD 2000
23
GRAM – DIPLOCOCCUS IN A CHILD = NEISSERIA MENINGITIDES 44.
ANAPHYLAXIS ASSOCIATED WITH THIS RX = TYPE I 45.
WAY TO PREVENT FOOD POISONING FROM UNDERCOOKED CHICKEN = COOKING 46.
EXCESS FLUORIDE LEADS TO = MOTTLED TEETH 47.
FUNGUS OF THE SCALP = TINEA CAPITUS 48.
MOST COMMON CAUSE OF DEATH IN US = HEART DZ 49.
CHILD WITH RASH ON BUTTOCKS = E. VERMICULARIS 50.
IMMUNITY FROM MOTHER TO BABY = NATURAL PASSIVE 51.
LIVE POLIO VACCINE = ARTIFICIAL ACTIVE IMMUNITY 52.
MOST COMMON SYMPTOM OF CHOLERA = RICE WATER STOOLS 53.
NEGRI BODIES FOUND IN THIS DZ = RABIES 54.
MOST COMMONLY ASSOC. WITH TSS = STAPH 55.
VECTOR OF WESTERN EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS = MOSQUITO 56.
PARASITE EFFECTS PERSON WALKING IN FECES = NECATOR AMERICANS 57.
GRAY PSEUDOMEMBRANE = DIPHTHERIA 58.
PASTEURIZATION IS COMPLETE WHEN = BRUCELLOSIS IS KILLED 59.
PURPOSE OF PASTEURIZATION IS TO = STOP GROWTH OF BACTERIA 60.
PYOGENIC ORGANISM = PUS FORMATION 61.
PATHOGEN ON CONTAMINATED WATER = LEPTOSPIRA INTEROGANS 62.
LEGIONNAIRE ’S DZ = BACTERIA 63.
FUNGI IMPERFECTI ARE NAMED DUE TO = NO SEXUAL SPORES 64.
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DZ CAUSES P.I.D. AND INFERTILITY = CHLAMYDIA 65.
TRACHOMATIS
ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER = RICKETTSIA RICKETTSIA 66.
SHIGELLA = DYSENTERY 67.
DIPHTHERIA = PHARYNGEAL PSEUDOMEMBRANE 68.
PARASITES = EOSINOPHILS 69.
MALARIA INFECTION = RBC (ERYTHROCYTE DISTRUCTION) 70.
RESULT IN PHAGE INDUCTION IN STAPH = OSTEOMYOLITIS 71.
INFANTS = RSV 72.
INFECTIOUS MONO =EPSTEIN BARR 73.
KOPLIK SPOTS = RUBEOLA 74.
SOUTH AMERICAN, COFFEE GROUND VOMITING, NOSE BLEEDS, SEVERE HEADACHE
AND 75.
JAUNDICE = YELLOW FEVER
CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTE RX RECOGNIZE = CLASS I HLA ANTIGEN 76.
GROW AT 55 „aCELSIUS = THERMOPHILE 77.
HARD BLACK SUBCUTANEOUS NODULES AROUND SCALP HAIR = PIEDRI HORTAE 78.
MOST COMMON IN HARD WATER = CA+ AND MG SALTS 79.
STREPTOCOCCUS AS THE RESULT OF LYSOGENIC CONVERSION = ERYTHROGENIC
TOXIN 80.
PRODUCED BY CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS = GAS GANGRENE 81.
FEDERAL AGENCY THAT REGULATES HAZARDOUS WASTE = E.P.A. 82.
IgE = TYPE I HYPERSENSITIVITY 83.
RIVER BLINDNESS = LOA LOA 84.
BACILLUS CALMETTE GUERON VACCINE (BCG) PROVIDES = TB 85.
GINGIVAL STOMATITIS = HERPES SIMPLEX I 86.
TRANSMISSION OF MEASLES = RESPIRATORY INHALATION 87.
PURULENT VAGINAL DISCHARGE = NEISSERIA GONORRHEA 88.
INFLUENZA PANDEMIC OCCURS = ANTIGENIC SHIFT 89.
PARASITES CAUSE CYSTICERCOSIS = TEANIA SOLIUS 90.
MOST DAMAGING TO OZONE LAYER = FLUOROCARBONS 91.
MOST COMMON FECAL CONTAMINATION IN WATER = E COLI 92.
SOURCE OF WATER WITH MOST SULFUR = RAIN WATER (ACID) 93.
STEP SUBSEQUENT TO FLOCCULATION = SEDIMENTATION 94.
BACK WASHING USED IN WHICH STAGE OF DRINKING WATER = FILTRATION 95.
BOARD REVIEW IRENE GOLD 2000
24
ELEMENTS PREVALENT IN SIGNIFICANT AMOUNTS IN GROUND WATER = RADON 96.
IMMUNOGLOBINS 1 ST TO APPEAR IN CIRCULATION AFTER ANTIGENIC STIMULATION
= 97.
IgM
CELLS IN PLASMA CONTAINING IL-II = T-LYMPHOCYTES 98.
TRANSMISSION OF HAV = INGESTION 99.
100.CAUSE OF RINGWORM = FUNGUS
101.ORGANISM THAT CAUSES THRUSH = CANDIDA ALBICANS
102.MALARIAL PARASITES REPRODUCE IN = RBC ’S
103.COCCIODIMYCOSIS IS A FUNGUS EFFECTING THE = LUNG
104.C3 CAN BE AGGRAVATED BY = PLASMIN
105.NECATOR AMERICANS INFECTIVE STAGE = trophozoite
BOARD REVIEW IRENE GOLD 2000
25
PATHOLOGY
ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS IS = AUTOIMMUNE DZ 1.
FIRST INVOLVED IN DUCHENES MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY = PELVIC GIRDLE 2.
„` IN VITAMIN K = BRUISING AND BLEEDING 3.
REITER SYNDROME = ARTHRITIS, URETHRITIS AND CONJUNCTIVITIS 4.
FISSURES IN ARTICULAR CARTILAGE AND LOSS 5.
OF PROTEOGLYCANS = OSTEOARTHRITIS
„` IN B 12 CAN RESULT IN THIS ANEMIA = MEGALOBLASTIC 6.
CHRONIC RH = FELTY ’S SYNDROME 7.
ELEPHANTIASIS IS WHAT TYPE OF OBSTRUCTION = LYMPHATIC 8.
MULTIPLE MYELOMA = PLASMA CELLS CYTOMA (NEOPLASM) 9.
AIDS = CD4 10.
PYOGENIC OSTEOMYOLITIS EFFECTS WHICH PORTION OF LONG BONE = METAPHYSIS
11.
MOST COMMON MALIGNANCY IN MEN 40-60 = PROSTATE 12.
CELIAC DZ IS SENSITIVE TO = GLUTEN 13.
PATHOLOGY THAT EFFECTS BASAL GANGLION = PARKINSONS 14.
EXCESS URIC ACID = GOUTY ARTHRITIS 15.
MONOSODIUM CRYSTALS = TOPHI = GOUT 16.
HYPOTHYROIDISM = HASHIMOTO ’S THYROIDITIS 17.
MOST COMMON PRIMARY MALIGNANCY OF BONE = MULTIPLE MYELOMA 18.
MOST COMMON MALIGNANCY IN BONE = METASTATIC DZ 19.
MOST COMMON LOCATION FOR AN OSTEOSARCOMA = METAPHYSIS 20.
MOST COMMON BENIGN TUMOR FOUND IN UTERUS = LEIOMYOMA 21.
CLUBBING OF FINGERS IS ASSOCIATED IN WHICH = BRONCHOGENIC CARCINOMA 22.
FORMS OF NECROSIS MOST COMMON IN CNS = LIQUEFACTIVE 23.
UNCONJUGATED BILIRUBIN IN THE BASAL GANGLION IN INFANTS = KERNICTERUS 24.
(YELLOW KID)
ACCUMULATION OF GLUCOCEREBROCIDES IN THE BODY TISSUES IS = GAUCHER ’S DZ
25.
(FATTY DEPOSITS)
UMN LESION AND LMN LESION FINDING IN = ALS (LOU GEHRIGS DZ) 26.
THIAMIN „` = BERI BERI IS CAUSED BY 27.
HEMOPHILIA A = FACTOR 8 DEFICEINCY 28.
MIGRATION OF LEUKOCYTES = CHEMOTAXIS 29.
SMOKING IS MAJOR CAUSE OF = THROMBOANGITIS OBLITERANS 30.
IMPLICATED IN CERVICAL CANCER = HPV 31.
SIGN IN KWASHIORKOR = EDEMA 32.
MARASMUS IS CAUSED BY = KILOCALORIE 33.
T CELLS AIDS IN FUNCTION OF B CELLS = CD4 34.
TISSUE CHANGE OF SIZE, SHAPE AND FUNCTION BUT RETURN TO NORMAL =
DYSPLASIA 35.
LEUKOCYTE PRESENT IN ACUTE INFLAMMATION = NEUTROPHIL 36.
MOST APT TO OCCUR IN TERTIARY STAGE OF SYPHILIS = TESTICULAR GUMMA 37.
GRANULOCYTE IN EPITHELIAL CELLS IS FOUND = TB 38.
NOT A PART OF INNATE IMMUNITY = B-MEMORY 39.
BOARD REVIEW IRENE GOLD 2000
26
WOOLSORTERS DZ = RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 40.
LINKED TO CANCER OF CERVIX DECLINE = CONDOMS 41.
„` OF PROTEIN = CAUSES EDEMA 42.
REJECTION OF ORGAN TRANSPLANT = TYPE IV 43.
ARACHNODACTALY, SUBLUXATION OF THE LENS, HYPERMOBILITY OF JOINTS = 44.
MARFAN ’S SYNDROME
ALBERS SCHLOENBERG DZ = MARBLE BONE 45.
CNS EFFECTED BY PARKINSON ’S DZ = EXTRAPYRAMIDAL TRACT 46.
FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA IS CONSIDERED TO BE = DOMINANT 47.
MOST COMMON SYMPTOM OF ESOPHAGEAL CANCER = DIFFICULTY SWALLOWING 48.
26 YOA FEMALE PRESENTS WITH PROGRESSIVE OCULAR WEAKNESS = MYASTHENIA
49.
GRAVIS
DIABETES INSIPIDIS IS ACCOMPANIED BY = DECREASED ADH 50.
HLA B27 = A.S. 51.
EWINGS SARCOMA EFFECTS = DIAPHYSIS OF LONG BONE 52.
COMPLETE DISORGANIZATION = ANAPLASIA 53.
PRODUCTION OF REACTIVE BONE FOLLOWED BY BONE REABSORBTION = OSTEITIS 54.
CONDENSONS ILLI
HEALING FRACTURE EXHIBITS = CALLOUS FORMATION 55.
„` GABA IS FOUND IN = HUNTINGTON ’S CHOREA 56.
HUNTINGTON ’S CHOREA = DEMENTIA AND BIZARRE MVMTS 57.
A DISTINCT CHARACTERISTIC OF GRANULAR LAYER OF SKIN = CONTAINS 58.
KERATOHYALINE AND TONOFIBRILS THAT FORM KERATIN
SUBACUTE PANENCEPHALITIS IS ASSOCIATED WITH = MEASLES 59.
LEWY BODIES = PARKINSON ’S DZ 60.
FATTY STREAKS IN A ORGAN = ATHEROSCLEROSIS 61.
PANNUS FORMATION = HYPERTROPHY OF SYNOVIAL JOINT 62.
MOST COMMON LOCATION OF OSTEOCHONDROMA = KNEE 63.
MOST COMMON BENIGN TUMOR OF AXIAL SKELETON = HEMANGIOMA 64.
GALLSTONES MADE OF = CHOLESTEROL 65.
MOST COMMON MALIGNANT TUMOR OF BONE IN A CHILD = OSTEOGENIC SARCOMA
66.
LEAST DANGEROUS BRAIN TUMOR = ASTROCYTOMA 67.
TYPE OF BONE MARROW IN CANCELLOUS BONE = YELLOW 68.
GREATEST THREAT TO PERSON WITH THROMBOPHLEBITIS = EMBOLISM TO LUNGS 69.
MOST COMMON AREA OF HEART DAMAGED IN MI = LEFT VENTRICLE 70.
PULMONARY HYPERTENSION EFFECTS = RIGHT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY 71.
HORNER ’S SYNDROME = PTOSIS AND PUPILLARY CONSTRICTION 72.
MOST COMMON LOCATION FOR PANCREATIC CANCER = HEAD 73.
HYPOTHYROIDISM IS KNOWN AS = MYXEDEMA 74.
XXY CONFIGURATION INDICATES = KLEINFELTERS SYNDROME 75.
ASCHOFF BODIES = RH 76.
MONOSOMY X = TURNERS SYNDROME 77.
ATYPICAL PNEUMONIA CAUSED BY = MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIA 78.
LOBAR PNEUMONIA = STREPTOCOCCUS 79.
SPIROCHETE IS RESPONSIBLE = LYMES DZ 80.
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27
BIOCHEMISTRY
ACIDIC CONDITIONS IN THE LIVER AS A RESULT OF ALCOHOLISM DUE TO A BUILDUP
OF 1.
= ACETATE
QUICKEST TO BECOME RANCID = OLIVE OIL 2.
„` VITAMIN RESPONSIBLE FOR XEROPHTHALMIA = RETINOL 3.
KETONE BODY SYNTHESIS = INCOMPLETE OXIDATION OF FATS 4.
„` OF HMG COA SYNTHASE = CHOLESTEROL 5.
10% MALTOSE, 10% LACTOSE, AND 50% SUCROSE,__70__ IS 6.
GLUCOSE__5__GALACTOSE__25__IS FRUCTOSE
„` VIT DEPLETION IF ANTIBIOTIC INGESTION = VITAMIN K 7.
ELECTRON TRANSPORT WHICH CONTAIN COPPER = CYTOCHROME C 8.
FA ACROSS MC MB = CARNITINE 9.
TRANSKELATION RX= TPP (B1) 10.
FATTY ACID BIOSYNTHESIS REQUIRES NADPH = KETOACYL REDUCTASE – ALLOWS USE
11.
BY NADPH
APOENZYME OF A HOLOENZYME = PROTEIN 12.
A LOW MOLECULAR SUBSTANCE THAT MUST COMBINE TO BECOME ACTIVE =
HAPTEN 13.
HUMORAL „³ B CELLS „³PLASMA CELLS „³IMMUNOGLOBINS „³14.
CELL MEDIATED „³ T4 T HELPER, T8, T5 „³ THYMUS 15.
BENCE JONES PROTEINURIA = MULTIPLE MYELOMA 16.
EFFECTS GROWTH FACTOR = ZINC 17.
GLYCOGEN CONVERTED TO MONOSACHARIDE PHOSPHATE = GLYCOGENOLYSIS 18.
AN ISOMER OF GLYCERYLDEHYDE 3 PHOSPHATE = DIHYDROACETONEPHOSPHATE 19.
GLUCONEOGENESIS WITH LIPOLYSIS BUT NO PROTEIN SYNTHESIS = STARVATION 20.
STATE THAT PRODUCES THE MOST FA = HIGH CARB DIET 21.
HIGHEST ENERGY COMPOUND =CREATINE PHOSPHATE 22.
A NEGATIVE ALLOSTERIC INHIBITOR - PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE = ATP 23.
SUPPLIES MAIN FUEL TO BRAIN = GLUCOSE 24.
VITAMIN LETHAL IN HIGH DOSE – VIT D 25.
A NON POLAR SIDE CHAIN = ALANINE 26.
TYPE OF BOND FOUND IN A SECONDARY PROTEIN = HYDROGEN 27.
A PENTOSE = RIBOSE 28.
BOND IN LIPIDS = ESTER 29.
DECARBOXILATION OF ACETOACETATE = ACETONE 30.
REASON TCA CYCLE CAN NOT PROCEED UNDER AEROBIC CONDITIONS = NO NAD OR
FAD 31.
WITHOUT O2
KREB ’S CYCLE ENZYME = CITRATE SYNTHESASE 32.
starts glycogenolysis = glycogen phophorylase 33.
change of tertiary protein when heated = 34.
net gain of glycolysis = nadph and ______atp. = 2,2 35.
glucose is only obtained from = maltose 36.
beta oxidation takes place = mitochondria 37.
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electron transport system = inner mitochondrial membrane 38.
ubiquinone is found = mitochondrial membrane 39.
involved in de-carboxylation = thiamin 40.
b1 = thiamin = tpp 41.
co-factor for transamination = pyridoxine 42.
makes up coa = b5 co-ash 43.
is a purine = adenine 44.
anti codone location = t rna = transfer rna 45.
rough endoplasmic reticulum = ribosomes 46.
steroids need = cholesterol to form 47.
nucleic acids that make up codon = 48.
sulfur containing amino acid = methionine and cistine 49.
contain alpha 1,4 and alpha 1,6 = glycogen 50.
chondroitin sulfate is part of = glycosaminoglycans 51.
one carbon transfers = transcarboxylation = b9 folic acid and tetrahydrofolate 52.
pentose phosphate pathway = ribose 5 phospahte 53.
converts methmalonyl coa to succinyl coa = b 12 (cyanocobalamine) 54.
niacin(b3) and riboflavin(b2) are involved in = oxidation and reduction 55.
comes from riboflavin = fad 56.
a ketohexose = fructose 57.
aspartame = phenyLalanine 58.
a zymogen = trypsinogen 59.
zymogen is an inactive enzyme 60.
breakdown of triglycerides is accomplished by = oxidation 61.
1/2 vmax = km 62.
lactose = beta 1,4, bonds 63.
allosteric enzyme found only in gluconeogenesis = pyruvate carboxylase 64.
not a pyrimidine = adenine 65.
does not use or make nadph h = beta oxidation of fatty acid 66.
does ppp and glutatHione pyroxidase 67.
bilirubin formed by DEGRADATION of = heme 68.
ORNATHINE and citroline = are not stored in humans but are present in urea cycle 69.
does not effect vmax = addition of a non-competitive inhibitor 70.
one mole of glucose = 2 atp in glycolysis 71.
not optically active = glycine 72.
„` vitamin cause neurologic rx = b1 thiamin (beri beri) 73.
„^ folic acid b9 can be bad = mask b
in diet 74.
hexose MONOPHOSPHATE shunt = pentose and nadph 75.
transports cholesterol from tissue to liver = VLDL 76.
stored form of iron = ferritin 77.
transfers carbon atoms from mitochondria to cytoplasm = citrate 78.
stimulates gluconeogenesis = cortisol 79.
supplies most energy = fat = 9 KCAL 80.
precursor to niacin = tryptophan 81.
ANAEROBIC glycolysis in the ms. and gluconeogenesis in the liver = cori-alanine cycle 82.
source of ribose for nucleotide formation = ppp 83.
fasting causes low levels of = insulin 84.
glycerol „³ glucose by = gluconeogenesis 85.
reacts with acetyl coa to form citrate = oxaloacetate 86.
glycolysis and gluconeogenesis = glyceralaldehyde – 3 – p+pI+nad+---1,3, bisphosphate??? 87.
lactate dehydrogenase = converts pyruvate to lactate during anerobic glycolisis 88.
transaldolase ans tranketolase rx involve = c1, c2 carbons 89.
non reducing sacharide = sucrose 90.
yelloW fruit and green and yellow leafy veg. = carotene 91.
aids in vitamin e utilization = antioxidant (aces) selenium 92.
28
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29
prevents absorPtion of ca+ = oxalic acid (spinach) 93.
buffer during respiration = carbonic anhydrase – binds h20 and co2 94.
iron ABSORPTION in the lumen of the small intestine is DEPENDENT = ferritin –stored iron 95.
iron more readily absorbed in the presence of vit c in what state = helps to absorb iron so active form of
vit 96.
c is in its reduced 2 +state, kept by bioflavinoids in reduced state,
generic form of carbs = (ch2o) n 97.
aTTACHED TO PROTEOGLYCANS = HYALURONIC ACID ( FOUND IN SYNOVIAL FLUID ) 98.
DECOSAHEXANOIC ACID = COCONUT OIL 99.
PEP +ADP---PYRUVATE +ATP = ANAEROBIC 100.
GLYCOLYSIS
EPIMERE OF D-GLUCOSE = D- GALACTOSE 101.
RATE LIMITING STEP = HMG COA – MEVALONATE 102.
+
SUGAR IN SOME COENZYMES AND NUCLEIC 103.
ACIDS = RIBOSE
LARGE CONSUMPTION OF RAW EGGS WILL 104.
CAUSE „` OF WHICH VIT. = BIOTIN
KCAL YIELD FROM FAT = 90 105.
G-6-P IS RATE LIMITING ENZYME IN = PPP 106.
STORED FROM OF GLUCOSE = GLYCOGEN 107.
ACTION OF ENZYMES = LOWER REACTION TIME 77.
PROTEIN IS MADE IN = RIBOSOME ’S PART OF CELL
% OF CA+ IN BODY IS STORED IN BONE = 99 78.
COBALAMINE NOT AN ANTI OXIDANT 79.
FAT MOBILIZATION = LOW BLOOD SUGAR, DUE TO GLUCAGON 80.
COMPLEMENTS RNA STRAND = 5 GCUTTC 3 81.
VEG. DIET „` IN IRON (COBALAMINE) 82.
FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS IN THE LIVER IN THIS FORM = CHYLOMICRONS 83.
CO Q-10 IS FOUND IN WHICH PATHWAY = ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN (H20 AND CO2)
84.
IS A POLYSACCHARIDE = GLYCOGEN 85.
T RNA FROM A-SITE TO P-SITE = TRANSLOCATION 86.
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30
PHYSIOLOGY
NERVE CELL INSIDE IS K = SWALLOWS NA+ 1.
DEPOLARIZATION IS WHEN CELL IS FIRING = BECOMES MORE POSITIVE 2.
REPOLARIZATION IS WHEN THE CELL IS RESTING = NA+ OUT OF CELL 3.
ABSOLUTE REFRACTORY PERIOD = CANNOT GET CELL TO FIRE 4.
RELATIVE REFRACTORY PERIOD = CELL CAN FIRE 5.
PNS = SCHWANN CELLS 6.
CNS = OLIGO CELLS 7.
ACTION POTENTIAL STARTS AT = HILLOX 8.
NODE TO NODE OR SALTITORY 9.
ACH-„³ ACH RECEPTOR IS THE GOAL = NEEDS CA+ TO achieve SYNAPSE 10.
HEART CELL = ATRIA CONTRACT-„³ P WAVE OF DIASTOLE „³ VENTRICLE CONTRACT „³ 11.
SYSTOLE 1 ST HEART SOUND QRS OF WAVE „³PRESSURE
IN VENTRICLE TILL AORTIC
VALVE
OPENS = T OF WAVE = AORTIC VALVE SHUTS 2 ND HEART SOUND „³ DIASTOLE „³T WAVE =
REPOLARIZATION
CALLED PASSIVE FILLING DURING = RESTING STAGE OR DIASTOLE 12.
ISOVOLIMIC CONTRACTION = SYSTOLE 13.
EJECTION = AORTIC VALVE OPENS 14.
ISOVOLIMIC RELAXATION = DIASTOLE 15.
CONDUCTION OF THE HEART = SA NODE----AV NODE---PURKINJE BUNDLE FIBERS 16.
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31
NEUROANATOMY
PARKINSONS =
DOPAMINE MADE IN SUBSTANTIA NIGRA IN THE BASAL GANGLIA, 1.
FESTINATING GATE, RESTING TREMOR, PILL ROLLING,
2. EXTRA-PYRAMIDAL = SENSORY PATHWAY FROM DRG „³THALAMUS „³POST CENTRAL
GYRUS
3. PYRAMIDAL = MOTOR, INITIATES MOVEMENTS, CORTICOSPINAL TRACT,
4. LATERAL HORNS OR INTERO-MEDIAL-LATERAL-CELL-COLUMN T1-L2 CARRY
SYMPATHETIC
5. PARASYMPATHETIC = NONE IN SKIN
6. COMMISSURE = PRE-GANGLIONIC SYMPATHETIC IN WHITE RAMI COMMUNICANT ’S
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32
physiology
acth „^ production of = aldosterone 1.
describes action of above = distal tubules PERMEABILITY 2.
largest = vital capacity 3.
calcitonin = 4.
function of bASAL gANGLIA = movement planning 5.
renin has this effect = increase blood pressure 6.
myelin effect on nerves = increases transmembrane conduction 7.
stim. breakdown of PROTEIN = cortisol 8.
circulation controlled by ns then metabolism. = skin 9.
clinical procedure evaluates vestibular sense = caloric test 10.
secreted by placenta during 2 nd and 3 rd tri and causes proliferation of endo and mammilary glands =
11.
progesterone
can cause resp. alkalosis = hyperventilation 12.
excreted in urine = nh4+ 13.
most abundant. in intracellular fluid = k+ 14.
easily pass through glomerulus in the kidney = inulin 15.
function of lymph = immunity 16.
burning aching pain is transmitted by = c fibers 17.
a delta = pain from pressure 18.
breakdown of starch begins = mouth 19.
majOR of carbON dIoxIDE is trans. by = carboxyhemoglobin 20.
ability of hemoglobin to absorb co2 is reduced by = o2 21.
sodium/potassium pump transports what = 3 na+ out and 2 k+ in 22.
determines neurotransmitter release at neuro ms jx = the amount of ca+ that inters the axon terminal
23.
ion linked to depolarization of nerve endings and vascular release of nt = ca+ 24.
pARTIAL pRESSURE of co2 is „^ then --- and ---= alveoli and atmospheric air 25.
starlings law of the heart states that within physiological 26.
limits = heart pumps all blood that goes in out
membrane potential prevents net diffusion of an ion across mb = resting 27.
lmn carries = spinal cord —effector 28.
hyperventilation has this effect on healthy individual = pco2 29.
angiotenson ii does which = constriction of arterioles 30.
during pregNANCY levels of estrogen and progesterone = both are high, progesterone dominates 31.
function of inhibitory nt = inactivates na+ channels 32.
hormones involved in initiation of spermatogenesis = fsh and lh 33.
most directly effects max oxygen carrying capabilities = erythropoiesis 34.
low humidity loss heat at 70 = radiation 35.
mono-synaptic reflex transmission = stretch 36.
during exercise pulse „^ due to = blood pressure 37.
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33
inhibits secretion of adh = alcohol 38.
secretion of parathyroid hormone is „` in blood concentration = ca+2 39.
transmission of sensory signals from thermal receptors to higher levels in the cns = spinalthalamic 40.
reduces peripheral arterial pressure = decrease SYMPATHETIC 41.
increase in aortic pressure would „` what = stroke volume 42.
RHYTHM of normal cardiac cycle is determined by = sa node 43.
major driving force of gfr = glomerular CAPILLARY hydrostatic pressure 44.
velocity of impulse trans is slowest in which part of heart = av node 45.
metabolic acidosis = pco2 is higher than normal 46.
„^ physical activity which blood flow remains constant = brain 47.
from specialized cells called neural crest cells = adrenal medulla 48.
descending pain modulating system inhibits = internal c fibers in the dorsal horn 49.
SPINAL ANATOMY
CONTAIN INFERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE = SPHENOID 1.
PASSES THROUGH FORAMEN ROTUNDUM = MAXILLARY NERVE 2.
TRANSMITTED THROUGH FORAMEN OVALE = MANDIBULAR NERVE 3.
FORAMEN SPINOSUM CONTAINS = MIDDLE MENINGEAL ARTERY 4.
CRISTA AMPULARIS = FOUND IN SEMICIRCULAR DUCT 5.
OBSTRUCTION OF FORAMEN OF MONROE = LATERAL VENTRICLE 6.
CSF IS NORMALLY CONTAINED WITHIN = SUBARACHNOID SPACE 7.
PYRAMIDAL TRACTS DECUSSATE IN = MEDULLA 8.
ORIENTATION OF LUMBAR SPINE FACETS = ANTERIOR AND LATERAL 9.
DERMATOME OF THE MIDDLE FINGER IF DERIVED FROM = C7 10.
CRANIAL NERVES FROM SECOND PHARYNGEAL ARCH = CN7 11.
CRANIAL NERVES THAT IS NOT PARASYMPATHETIC = VI 12.
CRIBIFORM PLATE = OLFACTORY 13.
EXITS CRANIAL VAULT VIA = OPTIC CANAL 14.
GREY RAMI COMMUNICATES CONTAIN WHICH FIBERS = POSTGANGLIONIC
SYMPATHETIC 15.
DISC HERNIATION – MC POSTEROLATERAL 16.
SPLANCHNIC NERVES DERIVED FROM T10-T11= LESSOR 17.
LEVEL OF SPINAL CORD WHERE CONUS MEDULLARIS IS FOUND = L1-L2 18.
GLOBUS PALLIDUS = THALAMUS 19.
CELL FOUND FROM PREMOTOR CORTEX TO THE SPINAL CORD = PYRAMIDAL CORTEX
20.
CEREBRO-PONTO-CEREBELLAR INVOLVES = COORDINATION OF MOVEMENT 21.
TRIGEMINAL NERVE EXITS THROUGH CSF THROUGH = PONTINE CISTERN 22.
TECTOSPINAL IS RESPONSIBLE FOR = ROTATION OF CERVICAL SPINE 23.
VERTEBRA WITH FULL AND DEMI FACETS = T1 24.
OCULOMOTOR NERVE = LEVATOR PALPEBRA SUPERIORUS 25.
PON ’S SUPPLIED BY = BASILAR ARTERY 26.
FOURTH VENTRICLE IS CONTINUOS WITH = SUBARACHNOID SPACE 27.
SUP. CONTINUATION WITH PLL = TECTORAL MEMBRANE 28.
NUCHAL LIG. CONTINUATION OF = SUPRASPINOUS 29.
POST. PONTICLE CALCIFICATION = POST. ATLANTOOCCIPITAL MB 30.
GROOVE IN VERTEBRA = POSTERIOR ARCH 31.
DOES NOT HAVE BIFID SPINOUS = C7 32.
LEVEL VERTEBRAL ARTERY ENTERS CERVICAL SPINE = C6 33.
ATTACHES TO TRANSVERSE PROCESS OF L5 TO 34.
THE ILIAC CREST = SUPERIOR BAND OF ILIOLUMBAR LIG.
8 TH RIB = BOTH VERTEBRAL CHONDRAL AND FALSE 35.
COUPLING MOTION IN THE C/S DURING LATERAL FLEXION = IPSILATERAL ROTATION
36.
POST. CHAMBER OF THE EYE IS LOCATED = IRIS TO THE LENS 37.
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34
CRANIAL NERVE THAT INNERVATES BASE OF SKULL AND VERTEX OF THE HEAD = C2C3 38.
SUPPLIES CUTANEOUS TO LOW BACK = POSTERIOR PRIMARY RAMI 39.
CONTAIN PERILYMPH = PETROUS PORTION OF THE TEMPORAL BONE 40.
EXCITATORY PARS COMPACTA TO SUBSTANTIA NIGRA = GLUTAMATE, ACH 41.
DOPAMINE AND GABA ARE INHIBITORY TO SUBSTANTIA NIGRA 42.
POSTERIOR GROOVE ON THE ODONTOID PROCESS = TRANSVERSE LIGAMENT 43.
TIP OF LATERAL ASPECTS OF THE DEN ’S = ALAR LIG. CHECK LIG 44.
DESTRUCTION OF POSTERIOR COLUMNS = VIBRATION SENSE 45.
CLIVUS IS COMPOSED of the SPHENOID BONE AND WHAT = OCCIPITAL BONES 46.
REMNANT OF NOTOCHORD = NUCLEUS PULPOSUS 47.
SPLENIUS CAPITUS MS INSERTS INTO = MASTOID PROCESS AND LATERAL ½ OF
SUPERIOR 48.
NUCHAL LINE
SPINAL CORD IS WIDEST AT = C6 49.
FUNCTION OF EMISSARY VEINS = CONNECT INTRACRANIAL VENOUS SINUSES WITH
VEINS 50.
OUTSIDE THE CRANIUM
NORMAL ORIENTATION OF THORACIC TRANSVERSE PROCESSES = 45*
POSTEROLATERAL 51.
NO IVD IN = C1,C2 52.
AUDITORY FIBERS ARE CONTAINED = LATERAL LEMNISCUS 53.
UNCUS AND AMYGDALA RECEIVE = OLFACTORY BULB 54.
FIBROCARTILAGENOUS JOINT = SYMPHYSIS 55.
JOINT BETWEEN OCCIPUT AND C1 = CONDYLAR 56.
APOPHYSEAL JOINTS USE = ARTICULAR PROCESS 57.
CN INNERVATES MEDIAL PTERYGOID MS = V 58.
INNERVATES LARYNGEAL MS = INFERIOR LARYNGEAL BRANCH OF VAGUS 59.
SEGMENTAL LEVEL OF PHRENIC NERVE = C3,C4,C5 60.
SUPERIOR PETROSAL VEIN DRAINS INTO = SIGMOID SINUS 61.
PAROTID GLAND = IX 62.
CLIMBING FIBERS TO CB ORIGINATE = OLIVARY NUCLEUS 63.
VERTEBRAL ARTERIES ENTER SKULL THROUGH = FORAMEN MAGNUM 64.
SOMATIC VISCERAL PRIMARY NEURONS DERIVED FROM = NEURAL CREST CELLS 65.
SYNAPSE OF PREGANGLIONIC PZ FROM OCULOMOTOR NERVE = CILIARY GANGLION
66.
INABILITY TO MOVE JAW LATERALLY = V 67.
LAMINA TO LAMINA = LIG. FLAVUM 68.
THIRD BRACHIAL ARCH = STYLOPHARYNGEOS 69.
LOCATION OF VERTEBRAL PLEXUS = EPIDURAL 70.
CONFLUENT WITH CENTRAL CANAL OF SPINAL CORD = FOURTH VENTRICLE 71.
PLL = BROADENS IN CERVICAL AND NARROWS IN LUMBAR REGIONS 72.
AREA WHERE NO RODS AND NO CONES = OPTIC DISC 73.
SEPARATES THE CEREBRUM FROM CEREBELLUM = TENTORIUM CEREBELLI 74.
PHYSIOLOGICAL EXTENSION OF THE L/S, IVF ’S/ AND THE SPINAL CORD = SHORTEN,
75.
SHORTEN
INNERVATION OF DELTOID MS = C5,C6 76.
MAMMILARY PROCESSES = LOCATED ON THE SUPERIOR ARTICULATING PROCESS 77.
MICROGLIAL CELLS DERIVED FROM = MESENCHYMAL CELLS 78.