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Download 1 GN biochem Review - Liberty Union High School District
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Anatomy and Physiology Thacker GN Unit 1.5 ppt 1 Biochemistry Review Name:__________________________ What is Biochemistry???______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ What are the 4 main organic molecules:_______________, ________________, _________________, ______________ The 4 most imp. Elements In our body? ________________, ___________, ___________ ________________, ___________, ___________ ________________, ___________, ___________ ________________, ___________, ___________ Other elements also are important but constitute only about _______________ of body weight. These are: __________________________________________________________________________________________________. Many of these inorganic elements make up the electrolyte solutions in our bodies. Some of these are:_____________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________. Where can you get more electrolytes from?___________ Molecules and Chemical Bonds: Molecules are:___________________________________________________________________________________ Compounds are:_________________________________________________________________________________ Covalent bonds are:________________________________________________, ___________________________, _____________________________________, _________________________________. Example?_________________ _____________, ____________________ what do all these have in common????? Ionic bonds are when you have _______________________________________, _______________________________, ____________________________________________. Example?_______________, ____________, _______________ There is an element missing in all of these. What is it???? Hydrogen bonds:___________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________, ______________________________________, __________ ___________________, ______________________________________________________________________________. Why is it important to have water weakly held together?___________________________________________________ Why is it important to have water attracted to water?_____________________________________________________ Covalent bonds holding H2O together and the H bonding gives water a set of properties that is critical for LIFE!!! These properties are:_______________, _______________, ________________, ______________________ And ____________________________. Virtually all ______________________________________________________________________!!! Our bodies are composed of _______________________________________________________ _____________ ___And constitutes about ______________of our body weight! I drank a lot Of water last Thermal Stability of Water helps to maintain ______________________ ! Night!!! Water helps to stabilize the ____________________________________________________ It has a _______________________________, the amount of heat required to raise the temp of 1 g of substance by 1o C Calorie (an energy unit) is the amount of heat that raises the temp of 1 g of water by 1oC . Water absorbs ___________________________________________________________________________!!!!! Chemical Reactions and Energy!! Chem RNX either _____________________________ or _________________________energy. Exothermic =________________________________ Endothermic=_________________________________ Metabolism is ___________________________________________________________________________ There are 2 kinds of chemical reactions occurring in your body. These processes are either: CATABOLISM or ANABOLISM _______________________ __________________________ _______________________ __________________________ _______________________ __________________________ _______________________ __________________________ _______________________ __________________________ Catabolism: (Catabolic)____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________Bonds are broken! Anabolism: (Anabolic)___________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ Example of hydrolysis (digestion), Catabolism ________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ Example of Dehydration, anabolism_________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Chemical reaction rates are affected by:________________________, ______________________, __________________ In Physiology, the Chemistry of Metabolism is called: __________________________________________ Organic chemistry is the study of primarily these 4 molecules:_______________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________. Why did I call them molecules and not compounds???___________________________________________ We will be learning about all but first and foremost are the __________________________ Proteins RUN OUR LIVES!!! Proteins:______________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Enzymes are __________________________________________________________________________, they permit reactions to occur quickly at normal body temperatures. Substrate is the substance that an enzyme acts upon. Example: Sucrase acts upon Sucrose. The enzyme is____________________________the substrate is___________________________ Enzymes lower activation energy, (energy needed to get the reaction started), and PUSH reactions to go faster and more completely! Enzymes can BUILD substrates together or they can BREAK substrates apart. Enzymes are reusable!!!, work at astonishing speeds, and can have helpers. Helpers are cofactors:______________________________________________________, they stimulate proper folding. Helpers are coenzymes:______________________________________________________________________________ Enzymes are temperamental and fragile……Certain factors can change enzyme shape ________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ Why is it important for your body to maintain homeostasis??______________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ Nucleotides: The most important energy transferring molecule in your body is ATP _____________________ This____________________ gained from exothermic (_______________________________) RNX. _________________________________ for physiological work It holds its energy in ____________________________. Most energy transfers by adding or removing the 3 rd phosphate. Does this molecule look familiar????_________________________________________________ What other large polymer is made up of many Nucleotides?___________________________________ Describe the type of reaction that is happening when the third phosphate is broken off?_________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ Describe the type of reaction that is happening when a phosphate is added to the molecule?____________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ ATP is consumed within________________________________________ All the ATP in your body currently would support life for less than _________________________________________ 2 other important Nucleotides are : Guanosine triphosphate(________) and Cyclic Adenosine monophosphate (_____________)
