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HS Parallax Microcontrollers/ Robotics 1 What is a 2 A power source is connected to two or more components is called a … 3 What clues would you look for to figure out whether or not an appliance like a clock radio or a cell phone contains a microcontroller? 4 The terminal to which electrons flow is called the… 5 Let’s say you want to take a break from your BASIC Stamp project to go get a snack, or maybe you want to take a longer break and return to the project in a couple of days. What should you always do before you take your break? 6 A measurement of electrical pressure is called a(n)… 7 Which resistor would allow more current through the circuit, a 470 Ω resistor or a 1000 Ω resistor? EXAM NOTES – Student Version microcontroller? 1 8 A positive supply voltage is recognized by the symbol… 9 Can you use a breadboard to connect four wires together? 10 The tendency of an element in a circuit to resist the flow of electrons (current) from a battery’s negative terminal to its positive terminal. 11 How would you cause the BASIC Stamp to do nothing for an entire minute? 12 An element, such as copper, that has almost no resistance which in turn allows the flow of electricity. 13 Can a byte hold the value 500? 14 Bi-color LED’s emit red and green light intermittently as the voltage polarity is reversed. 15 What happens between the terminals of a normally open pushbutton when you press it? 2 16 Batteries, battery packs, or any other power supply should be left connected to the Homework Board, Activity Board, or Board of Education during nonuse. 17 What does the command DEBUG ? IN3 do? 18 Voltage common source, or negative supply voltage, is recognized by the symbol… 19 What does the HOME control character do in the statement DEBUG HOME? 20 The P-Basic keywords between which segments of code provide programming instructions are… 21 What command controls the low time in the signal sent to a servo? 22 A counter argument which uses negative numbers will… 23 How do you use the DEBUG Terminal to send messages to the BASIC Stamp? 24 A brownout is caused by… 25 What device will be the brain of your Boe-Bot? 3 26 Piezo Speaker 27 What is the name of the window that displays messages sent from the Basic Stamp to your PC/laptop? 28 A kind of miniature computer that acts as an ‘embedded system’. 29 How do the Parallax continuous rotation servos differ from standard servos? 30 Indicators which emit light through the use of LED circuitry. 31 How do you abbreviate millisecond? 32 A device that responds to a physical stimulus and transmits a resulting impulse (as for measurement or operating a control) 33 What command causes the Basic Stamp to internally connect one of its I/O pins to Vdd? 34 Command which forces display of the P-Basic program in the DEBUG Terminal. 4 35 What is the key to controlling a Parallax continuous rotation servo’s speed and direction? 36 A microcontroller which detects change in circuitry and then takes action. 37 What are some the symptoms of brownout on the Boe-Bot? 38 The small holes found on a solderless breadboard 39 What is a reset? 40 Program used for managing BASIC Stamp signals and commands 41 What are three (or more) possible mistakes that can occur when disconnecting and reconnecting the servos? 42 Device that controls motion and position 43 What direction does the left wheel have to turn to make the Boe-Bot go forward? 44 A one-way electric current valve 5 45 When the Boe-Bot pivots to the left, what are the right and left wheels doing? 46 Parallax’s programming 47 If your Boe-Bot veers slightly to the left when you are running a program to make it go straight ahead, how do you correct this? 48 Parallax’s module which serves as the brains inside of electronics projects and applications that require a language programmable microcontroller 49 What code block can you use to select a particular variable and evaluate it on a case by case basis and execute a different code block for each case? 50 Electromotive force or potential difference 51 What kind of electrical connection is a whisker? 52 Monitors the circuit input by sending on or off signals to the circuit output. 6 53 Point of current entry to, or departure from, any conducting component in an electric circuit 54 If IN7 + 1, what does that mean? 55 The shorter, negative pin of a diode such as an LED 56 How much the measured value of its actual resistance is of a given resistor 57 What is the purpose of having nested IF…THEN statements? 58 A letter, figure, or other character or mark or a combination of letters or the like used to designate something 59 The amount of time which determines the length of a PAUSE command is called… 60 The longer, positive pin of a diode such as an LED 61 What ‘resists’ the flow of electricity? 62 A conducting connection between an electric circuit or equipment and the earth or some other conducting body 7 63 An electronic device that supplies electric energy to an electrical load. 64 One of three parts of an atom 65 One-millionth of a second is a … 66 Is the Basic Stamp module a microcontroller, or does it contain one? 67 Subsystem testing is the practice of testing the individual components before they go into the larger device. 68 Standard Servos are designed to receive electronic signals that tell them what position to hold. 69 RPM’s represent ‘revolutions plus milliseconds’. 70 What is the name of this Greek letter: Ω, and what measurement does Ω refer to? 71 A potentiometer is kind of like an adjustable resistor. 8 72 Continuous rotation servos must be used in conjunction with a pushbutton. 73 What do you always have to do before modifying a circuit that you built on a breadboard? 74 Boe-Bots can be programmed to move backward, rotate and pivot right or left, and hover. 75 ‘Ramping’ is a way to gradually increase or decrease servo speed. 76 What is the difference between sending and receiving HIGH and LOW signals using the Basic Stamp? 77 Servo horns can only have four ‘horns’, they cannot also be ‘wheels’. 78 What is the value of IN3 when a pushbutton connects it to Vdd? What is the value of IN3 when a pushbutton connects it to Vss? 79 Servo motors will not lose speed even when the batteries lose power. 9 80 What kind of code blocks can be used for making decisions based on the value of one or more pushbuttons? 81 If you do not initialize a variable, the program will automatically start by storing the number ‘zero’ in that value (default). 82 What are the five (5) external parts on a servo? 83 The number of electrons per second passing through a circuit is called a … 84 The Board of Education carrier board is known as a(n)… 85 When the Basic Stamp sends a character to your PC/laptop, what type of numbers are used to send the message through the programming cable? 86 Servos which turn at certain speeds and directions are known as … 87 What command is used to decide which subroutine to jump to? 88 How long does a millisecond last? 10 89 What does it mean if IN7 = 0? 90 What P-Basic commands can you use to make other PBasic commands execute over and over again? 91 When a whisker is pressed, what voltage occurs at the I/O pin monitoring it? 92 What command and argument can you adjust to control a continuous rotation servo’s speed and direction? 93 How can a piezospeaker be used to detect brownout? 94 What is an initialization routine? 95 What command do you have to change in RightServoTest.bs2 to test the left wheel instead of the right wheel? 96 What direction does the right wheel have to turn to make the Boe-Bot go forward? 11 97 Piezo Speaker 101 Breadboard 98 LED Indicator Lights 102 Activity Board 99 Propeller 103 USB Cable 100 Resistors 104 Jumper Wires 12