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Kirchhoff’s Current Law For a series circuit: In a series circuit there is only one path so the current must be… For a parallel circuit: In a parallel circuit the charge can take different paths. Therefore the amount of charge at any point… V T = V 1 + V 2 + V 3… V T = V 1 = V 2 = V 3… RT = R1 + R2 + R3… 1=1+1+1… RT R1 R2 R3 Example A series circuit is shown to the left. a) What is the total resistance? R(series) = 1 + 2 + 3 = 6W b) What is the total current? DV=IR V1W=(2)(1)= 2 V 12=I(6) I = 2A c) What is the current across EACH resistor? They EACH get 2 amps! d) What is the voltage drop across each resistor?( Apply Ohm's law to each resistor separately) V3W=(2)(3)= 6V V2W=(2)(2)= 4V Notice that the individual VOLTAGE DROPS add up to the TOTAL!! Example To the left is an example of a parallel circuit. a) What is the total resistance? 1 1 1 1 = RP 5 7 9 2.20 W 1 1 = 0.454 RP = = Rp 0.454 b) What is the total current? DV = IR 8 = I ( R ) = 3.64 A c) What is the voltage across EACH resistor? 8 V each! d) What is the current drop across each resistor? (Apply Ohm's law to each resistor separately) DV = IR 8 8 8 I 5W = = 1.6 A I 7 W = =1.14 A I 9W = = 0.90 A 5 7 9 Notice that the individual currents ADD to the total.