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Chap. 7 Cellular Respiration – Video Notes Outline: Slide 2: Why is cellular respiration called aerobic respiration? __________________________________________________________ What is the purpose of cellular respiration? ______________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Slide 3: What is glycolysis? __________________________________________________________________________________________________ Where does it take place? __________________________________________________________________ Describe step 1 of glycolysis: When __________________ ATP molecules are added, the glucose molecule is _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ and ________________________________________are added to _____________________________________________________________ The process of adding phosphates is called _______________________________________________________________________. List the 3 things that happen when the 3 carbon sugars enter the biochemical pathway. #1. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ #2. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ #3. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Slide 5: List what is created during glycolysis. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What is the total net gain of ATP molecules for this step? How did you determine this number? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Slide 6: The mitochondria What is located in the inner membrane? __________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What is the cristae? _________________________________________________________________________________________________ What is their purpose? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What is the matrix? __________________________________________________________________________ What will happen there?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Slide 7: Pyruvate Oxidation What is necessary for pyruvate oxidation to happen? _________________________________________ Pyruvate oxidation begins when the pyruvate moves ____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. When it gets there it is modified in 2 steps: Step 1: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 2: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What is created? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What is the total energy created (released) during this process? _______________________________________________ Slide 8: Kreb’s Cycle What is the other name for the Kreb’s Cycle? _____________________________________________________________________ Each of the Acetyl CoA molecules enter the Kreb’s Cycle _______________. Acetyl CoA will then combine with ___________________________________ to create ___________________________________________________________________________ How many carbons are in this molecule? ____________________________ Slide 8 continued: As the citrate molecule moves through the Kreb’s cycle it’s modified in several ways. The first modification will _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. The final molecule created will be ___________________________________________________________. This is important because _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ List the molecules that were created during the Kreb’s cycle. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Slide 9: List the molecules that have been made so far and when. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Slide 10: The electron transport chain. What is the relationship between the electron carriers NADH and FADH and the electron transport chain? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Explain the movement of the electrons down the transport chain include: where the electrons come from, what happens to their energy level as they move down the electron transport chain and what happens to them when they reach the bottom. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What happens to the Hydrogen atoms in the electron transport chain portion of cellular respiration? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Slide 11: What is chemiosmosis? ______________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When and where does chemiosmosis occur? ______________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Describe what happens during chemiosmosis. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The final step in chemiosmosis is oxidative phosphorylation. This step creates ______________________________ from ____________________________________________ which were located in the _______________________________________. Compare/contrast the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis in cellular respiration with the same processes in photosynthesis. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Slide 12: List the ATP molecules that have been made so far and when. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Prokaryotes make ______________ ATP molecules. Eukaryotes make _________________ molecules. These numbers are theoretical. Why? _____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Because of the reasons above, eukaryotes really make _______________ ATP molecules. Slide 13: What is anaerobic respiration? _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Organisms that use anaerobic respiration can only make ATP molecules using _______________________________. This is because _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ How many ATP molecules can be made in this way? ____________________ Is this enough? If not, what must cells do to create the energy they need? ___________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Slide 13/14: What are the waste products of ethanol fermentation? What do we use this process for? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Where does the process of ethanol fermentation start? How many ATP molecules are made? ______________ Describe the process of ethanol fermentation. Include the molecules made at each step and the waste products created. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What is the most important part of the fermentation process? Why? __________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Slide 13/14: When lactic acid fermentation occur? ______________________________________________________ Where does the process of does lactic acid fermentation start? How many ATP molecules are made?______ Describe the process of ethanol fermentation. Include the molecules made at each step and the waste products created. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Slide 14: Describe the relationship between lactic acid fermentation and exercise. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________