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Steam Engines and Railways of
the Industrial Revolution
The Overall Idea…..
The steam engine and
railways lead to the
catalyst of change in
the Industrial
Revolution.
What is a Steam Engine?
• An engine that
converts the
heat energy of
pressurized
steam into
mechanical
energy
• Were used as a
prime mover
http://inventors.about.com/od/indrevolution/ss/Industrial_Revo_4.htm
How a Steam Engine Works
Boils water
to produce
steam under
pressure
Pushes
against a
piston forcing
it into
motion
Drives the
wheels
of the
engine
High-pressure steam in
http://science.howstuffworks.com/steam1.htm
Exhaust steam
How the Steam Engine Works - Boiler
• The highpressure steam
comes from a
boiler
• The boiler's job
is to apply heat
to water to
create steam
How the Steam Engine Works - Boiler -Coal
• To create
steam, there
had to be coal
• Countries like
Britain,
Germany and
France had
access to coal
http://www.uky.edu/KGS/coal/coalform.htm
http://www.dself.dsl.pipex.com/MUSEUM/LOCOLOCO/heilmann/heilmann.htm
How the Steam Engine was Invented
• 1698- Early industrial
steam engines were
designed by Thomas
Savery
• 1712- Thomas
Newcomen built a
steam engine on top
of a water filled mine
shaft and used it to
pump water out of
the mine
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_engine
http://inventors.about.com/od/indrevolution/ss/Industrial_Revo.htm
How it was Invented- James Watt
• Watt added…
• Separate chambers
• Pressure gauge
• Crank and flywheel
• His changes
allowed the steam
engine to power the
industrial revolution
Uses of the Steam Engine
• Used in…
•
•
•
•
•
•
pumping stations
locomotives
steam ships
road locomotive
steam lorries
machinery in
factories, mines,
and mills
Importance of the Steam Engine
•
•
•
•
Replaced muscle power of horses
Very Powerful and fast
Used to power machines
Allowed machines like the
railway to be invented
• Steam engines burn fuel cleanly
and efficiently
Result from Steam Engine- Railways
• How railways came
about
• Standardizing railways
• Effects on Industrial
Revolution
http://science.howstuffworks.com/steam1.htm
How the Railway was Invented
• Before 19th century in
Britian tracks carried
wagons pulled by horses
• 1804- Richard Trevithick
put a steam engine to a
mine wagon
• 1814-George Stevenson
had the first working
steam locomotive
• 1830 -1st railway opened
between Liverpool and
Manchester
Standardizing railways
• After 1850 the British State
standardized the gauge of
the tracks to be 4 ft 8½ in
• Britain had a fully working
rail transport system
Effect on Industrial Revolution
• Connected regions together
• More regions could trade goods and
raw materials
• Steam Engine provided power for
factories
• Don’t need water ways to transport
goods long ways
• Boats used the steam engine which
was faster
• This PowerPoint was created by Freshman
students in a world history class in 20062007.