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Meiji Restoration Kansas State Standard See Chapter 22 Section 3 MAIN IDEAS The End of Japanese Isolationism NOTES 1.) 1853 = Commodore _________________________________________________________________________ a.) ______________________________________________________________________________________ b.) Used _________________________________________________________________________________ 2.) Treaty of _____________________________________________________________________________(1854) a.) Return of ______________________________________________________________________________ b.) ______________________________________________________________________________________ Set up US consulate in Japan 3.) 1863 = Sat-Cho wanted the shogun _____________________________________________________________ Sat-Cho = Satsuma-Choshu Daimyos and samurai warriors in two southern territories Sat-Cho was upset about “unequal treaties” which gave foreign powers certain rights not granted to Japanese Sat-Cho fired on western military ships Sat-Cho fortifications were destroyed by the advanced military technology 4.) 1868 = Sat-Cho forced the shogun ______________________________________________________________ a.) ______________________________________________________________________________________ Meiji Restoration “the Enlightened Rule” (1867-1912) 1.) __________________________________________________________________________________________ teenager Controlled by Sat-Cho leaders Moved capital from Kyoto to Edo Edo is renamed Tokyo 2.) ___________________________________________________________________________________ (1868) a.) Announced polices ______________________________________________________________________ b.) Abolished _____________________________________________________________________________ Land Reform Programs Westernization = schools, railroads, telegraph Industrialization = factories and banks Militarism = modern army and navy Imperialism = colonies in Asia Promised to create a legislative assembly to rule with the emperor 1.) 1871 = took ________________________________________________________________________________ 2.) Created ___________________________________________________________________________________ Prefectures = territories reduced to 45 prefectures in 1889 3.) __________________________________________________________________________________________ Daimyos given government bonds and named the governors of the prefecture Special privileges for the aristocracy and the samurai was abolished 4.) Farmers ___________________________________________________________________________________ The tax was 3% of estimated value of the land Provided income for the new government a.) In bad years, they had to ____________________________________________________ and become Page #1 _____________________________________________________________________________________ End of 1800s = 40% of all farmers were tenants 2010-2011 Meiji Restoration Kansas State Standard See Chapter 22 Section 3 Meiji Constitution (1889) 1.) modeled after ______________________________________________________________________________ Set up as a democracy but ruled as authoritarian a.) _____________________________________________________________________ held real power 2.) ____________________________________________________________________________________ branch a.) _________________________________________________________________________________ Head of state and supreme commander of the army and navy Appointed important government officials b.) ______________________________________________________________ and Cabinet of Ministers Handpicked by Meiji leaders 3.) __________________________________________________________________________________________ a.) Upper House = royal _________________________________and ____________________________ Industrialization b.) Lower House = _____________________________________________________________________ Shared power equally Shift from agricultural jobs to industrial jobs Improved transportation and communication 1.) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.) Gave _____________________________________________________________________________________ 1900s = tea, silks, weapons, shipbuilding, and sake (rice wine) a.) ______________________________experts were brought in to _______________________________ 3.) _________________________________________ in _________________ mines and ________________ mills 20 hours per day 130 degrees in coal mines Shot if they tried to escape By 1920’s. zaibatsus formed Zaibatsu = large financial and industrial corporation owned by single families that operated banks, factories, mines, etc. 4.) 1937 = ________________________ controlled by a _______________________________________________ 5.) ___________________________________________________________________________________ in Japan a.) ____________________________________ provided ______________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Page #2 2010-2011 Meiji Restoration Kansas State Standard See Chapter 22 Section 3 Westernization 1.) __________________________________________________________________________________________ a.) Based on __________________________________________________________________________ Elementary, secondary and universities Brought in foreign teachers Sent students abroad to study b.) ____________________________ subjects = _____________________________________________ c.) ________________________________________________________________could get an education 1898 = Civil Code = limited rights for women 2.) Kept the traditional emphasis __________________________________________________________________ 3.) Western ___________________________________________________________________________________ Ballroom dancing, clothing, foods, hairstyles, baseball Militarism 1.) 1871 = _______________________________________________________________________military service a.) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2.) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 1874 = seized the Ryukyu Islands from China Imperialism 1.) 1876 = forced _____________________________________________________________________ with Japan 2.) ___________________________________________________________________________ War (1894-1895) China and Japan fight over Korea Japan won a.) Treaty of _____________________________________________________________= April 17, 1895 b.) China gave ________________________________________________________________________ 4.) c.) China ceded ______________________ and the __________________________________________ Liaodong Peninsula is the southernmost tip of Manchuria Port Arthur = strategic naval base France, Germany, and Russia forced Japan to give the Liaodong Peninsula back to China Russia had leased the Liaodong Peninsula from China _______________________________________________________________________________ (1904-1905) Japan and Russia had a rivalry over interests in Korea and Manchuria England had an alliance with Japan Japan attacked the Russian naval base at Port Arthur Russia took it from China in 1898 a.) Japanese __________________________________________________________________________ b.) Treaty of _____________________________________________________________ = Sept. 5, 1905 Theodore Roosevelt helped to negotiate a treaty between Japan and Russia Theodore Roosevelt won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1906 c.) Japan took _____________________________Peninsula and southern part of ___________________ Sakhalin (SA*kuh*LEEN) = an island north of Japan d.) Japan became a _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 5.) 1910 = ____________________________________________________________________________________ Page #3 2010-2011 Meiji Restoration Kansas State Standard See Chapter 22 Section 3 Japan in WW I (1914-1919) Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria) and Allies (France, Russia and Great Britain) went to war Japan was an ally of Britain 1.) Japan declared ______________________________________________________________________________ a.) Seized ____________________________________________________________________________ b.) Took _____________________________________________________________________________ c.) Claimed ___________________________________________________________________________ Japan Becomes a Military Dictatorship See map on p. 860 Ch. 26 Sec. 1 1923 = earthquake, tidal waves, and fires 1920s = worldwide depression Japan feared they would lose power in Manchuria to China 1.) 1931 = Japanese ____________________________________________________________________________ Military acted on their own without permission Seized Manchuria and invaded China 2.) May 15, 1932 = _________________________________________________________________ by nationalists Feb. 26, 1936 = army revolt to set up a more nationalistic government failed 3.) 1936-1945 = ___________________________________________________________________________ War a.) Japan _________________________________________________________________________________ Dec. 1937 = “the Rape of Nanjing” = Japan destroyed the capital of Nanjing and killed 100,000 people Although Chinese were defeated, they continued to resist the Japanese Japan had to unconditionally surrender to China and the Allies in 1945 at the end of WW II 4.) ____________________________________________________________________ controlled the government a.) Purged Japanese culture of ________________________________________________________________ b.) Wanted to ___________________________________________________________ under Japanese control the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere Japan in WW II (1939 – 1945) (p. 867 – Ch. 26 Sec. 2) WW II began in Europe in Sept. 1939 1.) Sept. 1940 = Japan invaded ___________________________________________________________________ 2.) Made a stronger alliance with _________________________________________________________________ 3.) Japanese ______________________________________________________ created tension with the ________ a.) Dec. 7, 1941 = Japan bombed ______________________________________________________________ Also bombed US bases in Guam, Midway, and the Philippines Hitler declared war on the US four days later 4.) US _______________________________________________________________________________ on Japan a.) Aug. 6, 1945 = __________________________________________________________________________ b.) Aug. 9, 1945 = __________________________________________________________________________ 5.) Aug. 14, 1945 = ____________________________________________________________________________ Page #4 2010-2011