Download Meiji Restoration

Meiji Restoration
Kansas State Standard
See Chapter 22 Section 3
MAIN IDEAS
The End of
Japanese Isolationism
NOTES
1.) 1853 = Commodore _________________________________________________________________________
a.) ______________________________________________________________________________________
b.) Used _________________________________________________________________________________
2.) Treaty of _____________________________________________________________________________(1854)
a.) Return of ______________________________________________________________________________
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b.) ______________________________________________________________________________________
Set up US consulate in Japan
3.)
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1863 = Sat-Cho wanted the shogun _____________________________________________________________
Sat-Cho = Satsuma-Choshu
Daimyos and samurai warriors in two southern territories
Sat-Cho was upset about “unequal treaties” which gave foreign powers certain rights not granted to Japanese
Sat-Cho fired on western military ships
Sat-Cho fortifications were destroyed by the advanced military technology
4.) 1868 = Sat-Cho forced the shogun ______________________________________________________________
a.) ______________________________________________________________________________________
Meiji Restoration
“the Enlightened Rule”
(1867-1912)
1.)
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__________________________________________________________________________________________
teenager
Controlled by Sat-Cho leaders
Moved capital from Kyoto to Edo
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Edo is renamed Tokyo
2.) ___________________________________________________________________________________ (1868)
a.) Announced polices ______________________________________________________________________
b.) Abolished _____________________________________________________________________________
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Land Reform Programs
Westernization = schools, railroads, telegraph
Industrialization = factories and banks
Militarism = modern army and navy
Imperialism = colonies in Asia
Promised to create a legislative assembly to rule with the emperor
1.) 1871 = took ________________________________________________________________________________
2.) Created ___________________________________________________________________________________
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Prefectures = territories
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reduced to 45 prefectures in 1889
3.) __________________________________________________________________________________________
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Daimyos given government bonds and named the governors of the prefecture
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Special privileges for the aristocracy and the samurai was abolished
4.) Farmers ___________________________________________________________________________________
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The tax was 3% of estimated value of the land
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Provided income for the new government
a.) In bad years, they had to ____________________________________________________ and become
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_____________________________________________________________________________________
End of 1800s = 40% of all farmers were tenants
2010-2011
Meiji Restoration
Kansas State Standard
See Chapter 22 Section 3
Meiji Constitution
(1889)
1.) modeled after ______________________________________________________________________________
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Set up as a democracy but ruled as authoritarian
a.) _____________________________________________________________________ held real power
2.) ____________________________________________________________________________________ branch
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a.) _________________________________________________________________________________
Head of state and supreme commander of the army and navy
Appointed important government officials
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b.) ______________________________________________________________ and Cabinet of Ministers
Handpicked by Meiji leaders
3.) __________________________________________________________________________________________
a.) Upper House = royal _________________________________and ____________________________
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Industrialization
b.) Lower House = _____________________________________________________________________
Shared power equally
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Shift from agricultural jobs to industrial jobs
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Improved transportation and communication
1.) __________________________________________________________________________________________
2.) Gave _____________________________________________________________________________________
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1900s = tea, silks, weapons, shipbuilding, and sake (rice wine)
a.) ______________________________experts were brought in to _______________________________
3.) _________________________________________ in _________________ mines and ________________ mills
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20 hours per day
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130 degrees in coal mines
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Shot if they tried to escape
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By 1920’s. zaibatsus formed
Zaibatsu = large financial and industrial corporation owned by single families that operated banks, factories,
mines, etc.
4.) 1937 = ________________________ controlled by a _______________________________________________
5.) ___________________________________________________________________________________ in Japan
a.) ____________________________________ provided ______________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
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2010-2011
Meiji Restoration
Kansas State Standard
See Chapter 22 Section 3
Westernization
1.) __________________________________________________________________________________________
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a.) Based on __________________________________________________________________________
Elementary, secondary and universities
Brought in foreign teachers
Sent students abroad to study
b.) ____________________________ subjects = _____________________________________________
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c.) ________________________________________________________________could get an education
1898 = Civil Code = limited rights for women
2.) Kept the traditional emphasis __________________________________________________________________
3.) Western ___________________________________________________________________________________
 Ballroom dancing, clothing, foods, hairstyles, baseball
Militarism
1.) 1871 = _______________________________________________________________________military service
a.) ______________________________________________________________________________________
2.) __________________________________________________________________________________________
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1874 = seized the Ryukyu Islands from China
Imperialism
1.) 1876 = forced _____________________________________________________________________ with Japan
2.) ___________________________________________________________________________ War (1894-1895)
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China and Japan fight over Korea
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Japan won
a.) Treaty of _____________________________________________________________= April 17, 1895
b.) China gave ________________________________________________________________________
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4.)
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c.) China ceded ______________________ and the __________________________________________
Liaodong Peninsula is the southernmost tip of Manchuria
Port Arthur = strategic naval base
France, Germany, and Russia forced Japan to give the Liaodong Peninsula back to China
Russia had leased the Liaodong Peninsula from China
_______________________________________________________________________________ (1904-1905)
Japan and Russia had a rivalry over interests in Korea and Manchuria
England had an alliance with Japan
Japan attacked the Russian naval base at Port Arthur
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Russia took it from China in 1898
a.) Japanese __________________________________________________________________________
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b.) Treaty of _____________________________________________________________ = Sept. 5, 1905
Theodore Roosevelt helped to negotiate a treaty between Japan and Russia
Theodore Roosevelt won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1906
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c.) Japan took _____________________________Peninsula and southern part of ___________________
Sakhalin (SA*kuh*LEEN) = an island north of Japan
d.) Japan became a _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
5.) 1910 = ____________________________________________________________________________________
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2010-2011
Meiji Restoration
Kansas State Standard
See Chapter 22 Section 3
Japan in WW I
(1914-1919)
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Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria) and Allies (France, Russia and
Great Britain) went to war
Japan was an ally of Britain
1.) Japan declared ______________________________________________________________________________
a.) Seized ____________________________________________________________________________
b.) Took _____________________________________________________________________________
c.) Claimed ___________________________________________________________________________
Japan Becomes a
Military Dictatorship
See map on p. 860
Ch. 26 Sec. 1
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1923 = earthquake, tidal waves, and fires
1920s = worldwide depression
Japan feared they would lose power in Manchuria to China
1.) 1931 = Japanese ____________________________________________________________________________
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Military acted on their own without permission
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Seized Manchuria and invaded China
2.) May 15, 1932 = _________________________________________________________________ by nationalists
 Feb. 26, 1936 = army revolt to set up a more nationalistic government failed
3.) 1936-1945 = ___________________________________________________________________________ War
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a.) Japan _________________________________________________________________________________
Dec. 1937 = “the Rape of Nanjing” = Japan destroyed the capital of Nanjing and killed 100,000 people
Although Chinese were defeated, they continued to resist the Japanese
Japan had to unconditionally surrender to China and the Allies in 1945 at the end of WW II
4.) ____________________________________________________________________ controlled the government
a.) Purged Japanese culture of ________________________________________________________________
b.) Wanted to ___________________________________________________________ under Japanese control
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the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
Japan in WW II
(1939 – 1945)
(p. 867 – Ch. 26 Sec. 2)
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WW II began in Europe in Sept. 1939
1.) Sept. 1940 = Japan invaded ___________________________________________________________________
2.) Made a stronger alliance with _________________________________________________________________
3.) Japanese ______________________________________________________ created tension with the ________
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a.) Dec. 7, 1941 = Japan bombed ______________________________________________________________
Also bombed US bases in Guam, Midway, and the Philippines
Hitler declared war on the US four days later
4.) US _______________________________________________________________________________ on Japan
a.) Aug. 6, 1945 = __________________________________________________________________________
b.) Aug. 9, 1945 = __________________________________________________________________________
5.) Aug. 14, 1945 = ____________________________________________________________________________
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2010-2011