Download Nuclear Medicine: Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer
Definition
Prostate cancer originates within the prostate gland when abnormal cells divide at an unrestricted rate. According to the American
Cancer Society it is estimated that there were more than 240,000 new cases of prostate cancer and 33,000 deaths from prostate
cancer in 2011 (American Cancer Society, 2011). It is the second leading cause of cancer death and most frequently diagnosed
cancer in men in the United States. (American Cancer Society, 2011).
When detected early in the local or regional stages, more than 90 percent of all prostate cancers have a five-year relative survival rate
that approaches 100 percent. Fortunately for the last 25 years, the five-year relative survival rate for all stages in prostate cancer
combined has grown from a dismal 69 percent to a hopeful 99.6 percent. (American Cancer Society, 2011).
Role of molecular imaging
Treatment for prostate cancer is highly customized and patient-specific. Molecular imaging technologies can enhance the way it is
diagnosed and treated. For that reason, there are a number of treatment options available: surgery, radiation therapy and
chemotherapy. In order for physicians to prescribe the most appropriate treatment, it must be determined whether the cancer has
spread to lymph nodes. Molecular imaging technologies including bone scan, and PET/CT can help provide valuable information to
guide treatment decisions (Discovermi.org - SNM, 2011). When prostate cancer has spread to the bones, radiopharmaceutical agents
that provide bone palliative therapy are available.
Trade names
Approved indications in adults
(pediatric use as noted)
Radiopharmaceutical
Manufacturer
Fluorine-18
fluorodeoxyglucose
Various
As a PET imaging agent to:
 Assess abnormal glucose metabolism
Indium-111 capromab
pendetide
EUSA Pharma
A diagnostic imaging agent in newly-diagnosed
patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer,
thought to be clinically-localized after standard
diagnostic evaluation (e.g. chest x-ray, bone
scan, CT scan, or MRI), who are at high-risk for
pelvic lymph node metastases
A diagnostic imaging agent in postprostatectomy patients with a rising PSA and a
negative or equivocal standard metastatic
evaluation in whom there is a high clinical
suspicion of occult metastatic disease
Fluorine-18 sodium fluoride
Various
Samarium-153 lexidronam
EUSA Pharma
Strontium-89 chloride
Bio-Nucleonics
GE Healthcare
®
ProstaScint
PET bone imaging agent to delineate areas of
altered osteogenesis activity
Quadramet
Metastron
®
TM
Indicated for relief of pain in patients with
confirmed osteoblastic metastatic bone lesions
that enhance on radionuclide bone scan
Indicated for the relief of bone pain in patients
with painful skeletal metastases that have been
confirmed prior to therapy
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CARE are trademarks or registered trademarks of Cardinal Health. All other marks are the property of their
respective owners.
.
Radiopharmaceutical
Manufacturer
Trade names
Technetium-99m medronate
Bracco Diagnostics
DRAXIMAGE
DRAXIMAGE
GE Healthcare
Pharmalucence
MDP-Bracco
MDP
MDP Multidose
Technetium-99m oxidronate
Covidien
Technescan HDP
Technetium-99m
pyrophosphate
Covidien
Pharmalucence
Technescan
TM
PYP
Approved indications in adults
(pediatric use as noted)
TM
As a bone imaging agent to delineate areas of
altered osteogenesis
TM
As a bone imaging agent to delineate areas of
altered osteogenesis (adult and pediatric use)
TM
As a bone imaging agent to delineate areas of
altered osteogenesis
MSDS and package insert information
© 2015 Cardinal Health. All rights reserved. CARDINAL HEALTH, the Cardinal Health LOGO and ESSENTIAL TO
CARE are trademarks or registered trademarks of Cardinal Health. All other marks are the property of their
respective owners.
.