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World War I Course of the War Stalemate Neither side could gain an advantage Three main fronts Western: mainly in France Eastern: Russia Ottoman: Turkey Western Front Trench Warfare 500 miles of trenches from the North Sea to the Swiss border Western Front War of attrition Millions killed or wounded Trench Warfare Trench Warfare Eastern Front Russia never recovered from the defeat at Tannenberg Russia’s only asset was its huge population It helped the allies by tying up hundreds of thousands of German troops in the east Ottoman Front Gallipoli (1915) Allies tried to conquer Turkey in order to get supplies to Russia The battle ended in stalemate and the Allies had to withdraw after a year U.S. Enters the War Four Reasons Sinking of the Lusitania Unrestricted submarine warfare; Germany attacked all ships in the North Atlantic Zimmermann Cultural Note Ties to Britain Russia Withdraws Czar Nicholas II abdicates the throne in March, 1917 Provisional government continues the war; 5.5 million Russian casualties Russia Withdraws Russian Revolution in November, 1917 Treaty of Brest Litovsk ends the war in the east between Russia and Germany