Download Theme: Technology

Theme: Technology
Irrigation Systems
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Bringing water from water source to fields for farming
• Ditches or water wheels
Early civilizations create irrigation systems to help with farming and
creating enough food for growing populations
Aqueducts
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Ancient Romans built large bridge-like structures to carry water long
distances from water sources to cities and farms
Were copied by other civilizations
Gunpowder
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Invented in the Tang Dynasty of China and its use expanded during the
Song Dynasty
Initially used in fireworks, then expanded to weapons- canons, firelances, etc.
Europeans perfected the use of gunpowder in weapons
Printing Press
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Invented by Johannes Gutenberg in 1450-first
European moveable-type printing press
First book printed was the Gutenberg Bible
Effects:
• Books become easier and faster to make
• Literacy increases in Europe
• New ideas able to spread quickly- 95
Theses, Enlightenment texts
Caravel/Astrolabe
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Caravel- ships developed by the Portuguese that combined European
square sails and Arab triangular sails, made it easier to sail across/into
the wind
Astrolabe- instrument used to help determine latitude location in the
ocean
Both used during the Age of Exploration , allowed for sea exploration and
Europeans to reach the Americas
Steam Engine
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Developed during the Industrial Revolution
Coal was used to power steam engines- could build machines without
needing to be next to a moving water source
Also used for new forms of transportation: steam engine, boats, etc.
Factories
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Develop during the industrial revolution
Built to house machines that are being invented to increase production
• Flying Shuttle- weaving could happen at a faster place
• Spinning Jenny- quickly produces thread
Results in pollution, poor working conditions, urbanization
Nuclear Power
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First nuclear weapons were developed/used during WWII (Hiroshima and
Nagasaki)
Cold War- Nuclear proliferation led to MAD
Other nations have developed nuclear capabilities, including some
“unfriendly” nations (North Korea, Iran)
• 17 nations are currently known to have nuclear weapons
Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty signed in 1968
Chemical Pesticides
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Developed during the Green Revolution (1960s)
Did help to increase food production, but also led to pollution and huge
fear of health risks
Scientific Revolution
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Develops from the inquiring spirit of the Renaissance
Copernicus- heliocentric model of the universe (supported by evidence
from Tycho Brahe)
Johannes Kepler- planets move in ellipses
Galileo Galilei- first telescope, observed movement in the universe
Sir Francis Bacon- Scientific method
Isaac Newton- gravity